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Recently, we analysed the involvement of \u03b3\u03b4 T lymphocytes in malignant melanoma, describing a lower frequency of circulating \u03b3\u03b4 T cells, an altered pattern of cytokine production, and an impaired in vitro expansion of these cells in primary cutaneous melanoma patients.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>In this study we investigated the existence of numerical and functional alterations of circulating \u03b3\u03b4 T cells in young\/adult and old melanoma patients, comparing the data obtained with age-matched healthy subjects.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>We demonstrated that the number of circulating \u03b3\u03b4<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>T cells was significantly and similarly reduced in young\/adult and old melanoma patients and in old healthy subjects in comparison with young healthy donors. The decrease was due to a reduction of V\u03b42 T cells whereas the number of V\u03b41 T cells was not affected. A higher percentage of \u03b3\u03b4<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>T cells producing TNF-\u03b1 was found in old healthy donors, whereas a reduced number of TNF-\u03b1-producing \u03b3\u03b4<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>T cells was present in melanoma patients independently by age. No significant difference was observed in IFN-\u03b3 production. After a 10-day in vitro culture, both the percentage and the expansion index of \u03b3\u03b4 T cells, and in particular of V\u03b42 subset, were significantly and similarly reduced both in young\/adult and old melanoma patients, and in healthy aged people, in comparison with young\/adult healthy subjects.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Our study demonstrates that the numerical and functional impairment of \u03b3\u03b4 T cells found in melanoma patients is not correlated with age and that it has characteristics very similar to the alterations of \u03b3\u03b4 T cells found in old healthy subjects. We suggest that a similar impairment of \u03b3\u03b4 T cell population may be related to the increased susceptibility to tumors present in the elderly as well as in the pathogenesis of malignant melanoma.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/1742-4933-2-2","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2005,2,2]],"date-time":"2005-02-02T07:25:12Z","timestamp":1107329112000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Circulating \u03b3\u03b4 T cells in young\/adult and old patients with cutaneous primary melanoma"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"2","author":[{"given":"Francesca","family":"Re","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alessia","family":"Donnini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Beatrice","family":"Bartozzi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giovanni","family":"Bernardini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mauro","family":"Provinciali","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2005,2,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"8_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1985","DOI":"10.1002\/eji.1830181218","volume":"18","author":"LL Lanier","year":"1988","unstructured":"Lanier LL, Ruitenberg J, Bolhuis RL, Borst J, Phillips JH, Testi R: Structural and serological heterogeneity of \u03b3\/\u03b4 T cell antigen receptor expression in thymus and peripheral blood. 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