{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,10]],"date-time":"2025-01-10T05:24:09Z","timestamp":1736486649749,"version":"3.32.0"},"reference-count":21,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,10,12]],"date-time":"2012-10-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1350000000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/2.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,10,12]],"date-time":"2012-10-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1350000000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/2.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Emerg Themes Epidemiol"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Estimation of vaccination coverage at the local level is essential to identify communities that may require additional support. Cluster surveys can be used in resource-poor settings, when population figures are inaccurate. To be feasible, cluster samples need to be small, without losing robustness of results. The clustered LQAS (CLQAS) approach has been proposed as an alternative, as smaller sample sizes are required.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>We explored (i) the efficiency of cluster surveys of decreasing sample size through bootstrapping analysis and (ii) the performance of CLQAS under three alternative sampling plans to classify local VC, using data from a survey carried out in Mali after mass vaccination against meningococcal meningitis group A.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>VC estimates provided by a 10 \u00d7 15 cluster survey design were reasonably robust. We used them to classify health areas in three categories and guide mop-up activities: i) health areas not requiring supplemental activities; ii) health areas requiring additional vaccination; iii) health areas requiring further evaluation. As sample size decreased (from 10 \u00d7 15 to 10 \u00d7 3), standard error of VC and ICC estimates were increasingly unstable. Results of CLQAS simulations were not accurate for most health areas, with an overall risk of misclassification greater than 0.25 in one health area out of three. It was greater than 0.50 in one health area out of two under two of the three sampling plans.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Small sample cluster surveys (10 \u00d7 15) are acceptably robust for classification of VC at local level. We do not recommend the CLQAS method as currently formulated for evaluating vaccination programmes.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/1742-7622-9-6","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,10,12]],"date-time":"2012-10-12T00:15:01Z","timestamp":1350000901000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Performance of small cluster surveys and the clustered LQAS design to estimate local-level vaccination coverage in Mali"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"9","author":[{"given":"Andrea","family":"Minetti","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Margarita","family":"Riera-Montes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Fabienne","family":"Nackers","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Thomas","family":"Roederer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Marie Hortense","family":"Koudika","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Johanne","family":"Sekkenes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Aurore","family":"Taconet","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Florence","family":"Fermon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Albouhary","family":"Tour\u00e9","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rebecca F","family":"Grais","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Francesco","family":"Checchi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2012,10,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"102_CR1","volume-title":"Description and comparison of the methods of cluster sampling and lot quality assurance sampling to assess immunization coverage","author":"S Hoshaw-Woodard","year":"2001","unstructured":"Hoshaw-Woodard S: Description and comparison of the methods of cluster sampling and lot quality assurance sampling to assess immunization coverage. Geneva: Department of Vaccines and Biologicals, World Health Organization; 2001."},{"key":"102_CR2","volume-title":"Survey sampling","author":"L Kish","year":"1965","unstructured":"Kish L: Survey sampling. New York: Wiley Classics Library; 1965."},{"key":"102_CR3","volume-title":"Immunization coverage cluster survey \u2013 reference manual","author":"World Health Organization","year":"2005","unstructured":"World Health Organization: Immunization coverage cluster survey \u2013 reference manual. Geneva: Immunization, Vaccines and Biologicals, Family and Community Health Cluster (FCH), WHO; 2005."},{"key":"102_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1186\/1742-7622-4-9","volume":"4","author":"Working Group for Mortality Estimation in Emergencies","year":"2007","unstructured":"Working Group for Mortality Estimation in Emergencies: Wanted: studies on mortality estimation methods for humanitarian emergencies, suggestions for future research. Emerg Themes Epidemiol. 2007, 4: 9.","journal-title":"Emerg Themes Epidemiol"},{"issue":"6","key":"102_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1648","DOI":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2006.04.011","volume":"63","author":"SE Robertson","year":"2006","unstructured":"Robertson SE, Valadez JJ: Global review of health care surveys using lot quality assurance sampling (LQAS), 1984-2004. Soc Sci Med. 2006, 63 (6): 1648-1660. 10.1016\/j.socscimed.2006.04.011","journal-title":"Soc Sci Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"102_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"60","DOI":"10.1093\/ije\/dyn366","volume":"39","author":"DA Rhoda","year":"2010","unstructured":"Rhoda DA, Fernandez SA, Fitch DJ, Lemeshow S: LQAS: user beware. Int J Epidemiol. 2010, 39 (1): 60-68. 10.1093\/ije\/dyn366","journal-title":"Int J Epidemiol"},{"key":"102_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1186\/1742-7622-5-25","volume":"5","author":"OO Bilukha","year":"2008","unstructured":"Bilukha OO, Blanton C: Interpreting results of cluster surveys in emergency settings: is the LQAS test the best option?. Emerg Themes Epidemiol. 2008, 5: 25. 10.1186\/1742-7622-5-25","journal-title":"Emerg Themes Epidemiol"},{"issue":"7","key":"102_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"863","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-3156.2011.02770.x","volume":"16","author":"K Greenland","year":"2011","unstructured":"Greenland K, Rondy M, Chevez A, Sadozai N, Gasasira A, Abanida EA, Pate MA, Ronveaux O, Okayasu H, Pedalino B, Pezzoli L: Clustered lot quality assurance sampling: a pragmatic tool for timely assessment of vaccination coverage. Trop Med Int Health. 2011, 16 (7): 863-868. 10.1111\/j.1365-3156.2011.02770.x","journal-title":"Trop Med Int Health"},{"key":"102_CR9","first-page":"1","volume":"2011","author":"L Pezzoli","year":"2009","unstructured":"Pezzoli L, Tchio R, Dzossa AD, Ndjomo S, Takeu A, Anya B, Ticha J, Ronveaux O, Lewis RF: Clustered lot quality assurance sampling: a tool to monitor immunization coverage rapidly during a national yellow fever and polio vaccination campaign in Cameroon. Epidemiol Infect. 2009, 2011: 1-13.","journal-title":"Epidemiol Infect"},{"issue":"5","key":"102_CR10","first-page":"540","volume":"15","author":"L Pezzoli","year":"2010","unstructured":"Pezzoli L, Andrews N, Ronveaux O: Clustered lot quality assurance sampling to assess immunisation coverage: increasing rapidity and maintaining precision. Trop Med Int Health. 2010, 15 (5): 540-546.","journal-title":"Trop Med Int Health"},{"issue":"1","key":"102_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e29116","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0029116","volume":"7","author":"SH Kim","year":"2012","unstructured":"Kim SH, Pezzoli L, Yacouba H, Coulibaly T, Djingarey MH, Perea WA, Wierzba TF: Whom and where are we not vaccinating? coverage after the introduction of a new conjugate vaccine against group a meningococcus in niger in 2010. PLoS One. 2012, 7 (1): e29116. 10.1371\/journal.pone.0029116","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"Suppl 2","key":"102_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"B13","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2009.04.062","volume":"27","author":"F Marc LaForce","year":"2009","unstructured":"Marc LaForce F, Ravenscroft N, Djingarey M, Viviani S: Epidemic meningitis due to group a neisseria meningitidis in the african meningitis belt: a persistent problem with an imminent solution. Vaccine. 2009, 27 (Suppl 2): B13-B19.","journal-title":"Vaccine"},{"issue":"1","key":"102_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.1186\/1742-7622-4-8","volume":"4","author":"RF Grais","year":"2007","unstructured":"Grais RF, Rose AM, Guthmann JP: Don't spin the pen: two alternative methods for second-stage sampling in urban cluster surveys. Emerg Themes Epidemiol. 2007, 4 (1): 8. 10.1186\/1742-7622-4-8","journal-title":"Emerg Themes Epidemiol"},{"issue":"3","key":"102_CR14","first-page":"98","volume":"44","author":"S Bennett","year":"1991","unstructured":"Bennett S, Woods T, Liyanage WM, Smith DL: A simplified general method for cluster-sample surveys of health in developing countries. World Health Stat Q. 1991, 44 (3): 98-106.","journal-title":"World Health Stat Q"},{"key":"102_CR15","volume-title":"R: a language and environment for statistical computing","author":"R Development Core Team","year":"2010","unstructured":"R Development Core Team: R: a language and environment for statistical computing. Vienna: R Foundation for Statistical Computing; 2010."},{"issue":"3","key":"102_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"369","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1467-9868.2007.00593.x","volume":"69","author":"CA Field","year":"2007","unstructured":"Field CA, Walsh AH: Bootstrapping clustered data. J R Statist Soc B. 2007, 69 (3): 369-390. 10.1111\/j.1467-9868.2007.00593.x","journal-title":"J R Statist Soc B"},{"key":"102_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1201\/9780429246593","volume-title":"An introduction to the bootstrap","author":"B Efron","year":"1994","unstructured":"Efron B, Tibshirani RJ: An introduction to the bootstrap. London: Chapman & Hall\/CRC; 1994."},{"issue":"8","key":"102_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"857","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1097-0258(19980430)17:8<857::AID-SIM777>3.0.CO;2-E","volume":"17","author":"RG Newcombe","year":"1998","unstructured":"Newcombe RG: Two-sided confidence intervals for the single proportion: comparison of seven methods. Stat Med. 1998, 17 (8): 857-872. 10.1002\/(SICI)1097-0258(19980430)17:8<857::AID-SIM777>3.0.CO;2-E","journal-title":"Stat Med"},{"issue":"3","key":"102_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"217","DOI":"10.1093\/heapol\/8.3.217","volume":"8","author":"P Sandiford","year":"1993","unstructured":"Sandiford P: Lot quality assurance sampling for monitoring immunization programmes: cost-efficient or quick and dirty?. Health Policy Plan. 1993, 8 (3): 217-223. 10.1093\/heapol\/8.3.217","journal-title":"Health Policy Plan"},{"issue":"9620","key":"102_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1259","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(08)60560-7","volume":"371","author":"JT Boerma","year":"2008","unstructured":"Boerma JT, Bryce J, Kinfu Y, Axelson H, Victora CG: Mind the gap: equity and trends in coverage of maternal, newborn, and child health services in 54 Countdown countries. Lancet. 2008, 371 (9620): 1259-1267.","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"102_CR21","volume-title":"International database","author":"United States Census Bureau","year":"2011","unstructured":"United States Census Bureau: International database. 2011. accessed 8 May 2011. In.http:\/\/www.census.gov\/ipc\/www\/idb\/"}],"container-title":["Emerging Themes in Epidemiology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/1742-7622-9-6.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/1742-7622-9-6\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/1742-7622-9-6.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,9]],"date-time":"2025-01-09T14:41:37Z","timestamp":1736433697000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/ete-online.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/1742-7622-9-6"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2012,10,12]]},"references-count":21,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2012,12]]}},"alternative-id":["102"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/1742-7622-9-6","relation":{},"ISSN":["1742-7622"],"issn-type":[{"type":"electronic","value":"1742-7622"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2012,10,12]]},"assertion":[{"value":"24 January 2012","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"8 October 2012","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"12 October 2012","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}}],"article-number":"6"}}