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Infected animals exhibited a febrile response with few significant changes in cytokine levels. Baseline testosterone levels were positively associated with viremia following exposure and were significantly higher than levels obtained during infection. Such findings suggest that disease-induced androgen suppression is a reasonable area for future study. Decreased androgen levels during physiological perturbations may function, in part, to prevent immunosuppression by high testosterone levels and to prevent the use of energetic resources for metabolically-expensive anabolic functions.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1186\/1743-422x-3-19","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2006,4,6]],"date-time":"2006-04-06T12:52:02Z","timestamp":1144327922000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":24,"title":["Testosterone correlates with Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus infection in macaques"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"3","author":[{"given":"Michael P","family":"Muehlenbein","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Frank B","family":"Cogswell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mark A","family":"James","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"James","family":"Koterski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"George V","family":"Ludwig","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2006,3,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"126_CR1","first-page":"843","volume-title":"Fields Virology","author":"RE Johnston","year":"1995","unstructured":"Johnston RE, Peters CJ: Alphaviruses. 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