{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,21]],"date-time":"2026-02-21T09:22:24Z","timestamp":1771665744478,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Virol J"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2010,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>Worldwide, 130 million persons are estimated to be infected with HCV. Puebla is the Mexican state with the highest mortality due to hepatic cirrhosis. Therefore, it is imperative to obtain epidemiological data on HCV infection in asymptomatic people of this region. The objective of present study was to analyze the prevalence of antibodies and genotypes of hepatitis C virus (HCV) in blood donors from Puebla, Mexico.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>The overall prevalence was 0.84% (515\/61553). Distribution by region was: North, 0.86% (54\/6270); Southeast, 1.04% (75\/7197); Southwest, 0.93% (36\/3852); and Central, 0.79% (350\/44234). Ninety-six donors were enrolled for detection and genotyping of virus, from which 37 (38.5%) were HCV-RNA positive. Detected subtypes were: 1a (40.5%), 1b (27.0%), mixed 1a\/1b (18.9%), undetermined genotype 1 (5.4%), 2a (2.7%), 2b (2.7%), and mixed 1a\/2a (2.7%). All recovered donors with S\/CO &gt; 39 were HCV-RNA positive (11\/11) and presented elevated ALT; in donors with S\/CO &lt; 39 HCV-RNA, positivity was of 30.4%; and 70% had normal values of ALT. The main risk factors associated with HCV infection were blood transfusion and surgery.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>HCV prevalence of donors in Puebla is similar to other Mexican states. The most prevalent genotype is 1, of which subtype 1a is the most frequent.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/1743-422x-7-18","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2010,1,26]],"date-time":"2010-01-26T07:16:52Z","timestamp":1264490212000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":18,"title":["Hepatitis C virus infection in blood donors from the state of Puebla, Mexico"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"7","author":[{"given":"Francisca","family":"Sosa-Jurado","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gerardo","family":"Santos-L\u00f3pez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Belinda","family":"Guzm\u00e1n-Flores","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Julia I","family":"Ruiz-Conde","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Daniel","family":"Mel\u00e9ndez-Mena","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mart\u00edn T","family":"Vargas-Maldonado","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ygnacio","family":"Mart\u00ednez-Laguna","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Laura","family":"Contreras-Mioni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ver\u00f3nica","family":"Vallejo-Ruiz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Julio","family":"Reyes-Leyva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2010,1,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"763_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"20","DOI":"10.1177\/0091270003258669","volume":"44","author":"Anonymous","year":"2004","unstructured":"Anonymous: Global burden of disease (GBD) for hepatitis C. J Clin Pharmacol 2004, 44: 20-29. 10.1177\/0091270003258669","journal-title":"J Clin Pharmacol"},{"key":"763_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"558","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(05)70216-4","volume":"5","author":"CW Shepard","year":"2005","unstructured":"Shepard CW, Finelli L, Alter MJ: Global epidemiology of hepatitis C virus infection. Lancet Infect Dis 2005, 5: 558-567. 10.1016\/S1473-3099(05)70216-4","journal-title":"Lancet Infect Dis"},{"issue":"Suppl 1","key":"763_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"74","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1478-3231.2008.01934.x","volume":"29","author":"D Lavanchy","year":"2009","unstructured":"Lavanchy D: The global burden of hepatitis C. Liver Int 2009,29(Suppl 1):74-81. 10.1111\/j.1478-3231.2008.01934.x","journal-title":"Liver Int"},{"key":"763_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.7150\/ijms.3.35","volume":"3","author":"S Chevaliez","year":"2006","unstructured":"Chevaliez S, Pawlotsky JM: Hepatitis C virus serologic and virologic tests and clinical diagnosis of HCV-related liver disease. Int J Med Sci 2006, 3: 35-40.","journal-title":"Int J Med Sci"},{"key":"763_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S395","DOI":"10.1590\/S0036-36342007000900011","volume":"49","author":"JL Valdespino","year":"2007","unstructured":"Valdespino JL, Conde-Gonz\u00e1les JC, Olaiz FG, Palma O, D K, Sepulveda J: Seroprevalencia de la hepatitis C en adultos de M\u00e9xico: \u00bfun problema de salud p\u00fablica emergente? Salud Publica Mex 2007, 49: S395-S403.","journal-title":"Salud Publica Mex"},{"key":"763_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"281","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jinf.2008.02.001","volume":"56","author":"G Santos-Lopez","year":"2008","unstructured":"Santos-Lopez G, Sosa-Jurado F, Vallejo-Ruiz V, Melendez-Mena D, Reyes-Leyva J: Prevalence of hepatitis C virus in the Mexican population: a systematic review. J Infect 2008, 56: 281-290. 10.1016\/j.jinf.2008.02.001","journal-title":"J Infect"},{"key":"763_CR7","first-page":"46","volume-title":"Salud: M\u00e9xico 2006","author":"SSA","year":"2007","unstructured":"SSA: Morbilidad y mortalidad por cirrosis hep\u00e1tica. In Salud: M\u00e9xico 2006. M\u00e9xico, D.F.: Secretar\u00eda de Salud; 2007:46-48."},{"key":"763_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1159\/000096306","volume":"50","author":"E Chiquete","year":"2007","unstructured":"Chiquete E, Panduro A: Low prevalence of anti-hepatitis C virus antibodies in Mexico: A systematic review. Intervirology 2007, 50: 1-8. 10.1159\/000096306","journal-title":"Intervirology"},{"key":"763_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1344","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1537-2995.2004.03379.x","volume":"44","author":"RA Lopez","year":"2004","unstructured":"Lopez RA, Romero-Estrella S, Infante-Ramirez L, Mendez-Aquino JS, Berron-Ruiz P, Morales-Alfaro NA, Vivar R, Carrada E, Rivera-Rendon Mdel R, Sanchez-Guerrero SA: Hepatitis C seroprevalence in accepted versus deferred blood-donor candidates evaluated by medical history and self-exclusion form. Transfusion 2004, 44: 1344-1349. 10.1111\/j.1537-2995.2004.03379.x","journal-title":"Transfusion"},{"key":"763_CR10","first-page":"49","volume":"23","author":"F Rodriguez-Perez","year":"2004","unstructured":"Rodriguez-Perez F, Suarez-Perez E, Alvarez-Rohena M, Toro DH: Prevalence of chronic hepatitis C virus genotypes among patients between 21 to 65 years old in Puerto Rico. P R Health Sci J 2004, 23: 49-56.","journal-title":"P R Health Sci J"},{"key":"763_CR11","first-page":"431","volume":"124","author":"B Thakral","year":"2006","unstructured":"Thakral B, Marwaha N, Chawla YK, Saluja K, Sharma A, Sharma RR, Minz RW, Agnihotri SK: Prevalence & significance of hepatitis C virus (HCV) seropositivity in blood donors. Indian J Med Res 2006, 124: 431-438.","journal-title":"Indian J Med Res"},{"key":"763_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"144","DOI":"10.1016\/S1665-2681(19)31870-8","volume":"7","author":"AM Rivas-Estilla","year":"2008","unstructured":"Rivas-Estilla AM, Cordero-Perez P, Trujillo-Murillo Kdel C, Ramos-Jimenez J, Chen-Lopez C, Garza-Rodriguez Mde L, Ramirez-Gutierrez A, Munoz-Espinosa L: Genotyping of hepatitis C virus (HCV) in infected patients from Northeast Mexico. Ann Hepatol 2008, 7: 144-147.","journal-title":"Ann Hepatol"},{"key":"763_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"346","DOI":"10.1590\/S0036-36342003000500003","volume":"45","author":"RA Gongora-Biachi","year":"2003","unstructured":"Gongora-Biachi RA, Castro-Sansores CJ, Gonzalez-Martinez P, Lara-Perera DM, Garrido-Palma J, Lara-Perera V: Frequency of antibodies against the hepatitis C virus in patients with hepatic cirrhosis in Yucatan, Mexico. Salud Publica Mex 2003, 45: 346-350.","journal-title":"Salud Publica Mex"},{"key":"763_CR14","first-page":"1","volume":"52","author":"MJ Alter","year":"2003","unstructured":"Alter MJ, Kuhnert WL, Finelli L: Guidelines for laboratory testing and result reporting of antibody to hepatitis C virus. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. MMWR Recomm Rep 2003, 52: 1-13. 15; quiz CE11-14","journal-title":"MMWR Recomm Rep"},{"key":"763_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"263","DOI":"10.1590\/S0036-46652000000500005","volume":"42","author":"NS Goncales","year":"2000","unstructured":"Goncales NS, Costa FF, Vassallo J, Goncales FL Jr: Diagnosis of hepatitis C virus in Brazilian blood donors using a reverse transcriptase nested polymerase chain reaction: comparison with enzyme immunoassay and recombinant protein immunoblot assay. Rev Inst Med Trop Sao Paulo 2000, 42: 263-267.","journal-title":"Rev Inst Med Trop Sao Paulo"},{"key":"763_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"479","DOI":"10.1373\/49.3.479","volume":"49","author":"DR Dufour","year":"2003","unstructured":"Dufour DR, Talastas M, Fernandez MD, Harris B, Strader DB, Seeff LB: Low-positive anti-hepatitis C virus enzyme immunoassay results: an important predictor of low likelihood of hepatitis C infection. Clin Chem 2003, 49: 479-486. 10.1373\/49.3.479","journal-title":"Clin Chem"},{"key":"763_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1816","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1537-2995.2005.00611.x","volume":"45","author":"FR Ren","year":"2005","unstructured":"Ren FR, Lv QS, Zhuang H, Li JJ, Gong XY, Gao GJ, Liu CL, Wang JX, Yao FZ, Zheng YR, et al.: Significance of the signal-to-cutoff ratios of anti-hepatitis C virus enzyme immunoassays in screening of Chinese blood donors. Transfusion 2005, 45: 1816-1822. 10.1111\/j.1537-2995.2005.00611.x","journal-title":"Transfusion"},{"key":"763_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1015","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.268.8.1015","volume":"268","author":"WR MacKenzie","year":"1992","unstructured":"MacKenzie WR, Davis JP, Peterson DE, Hibbard AJ, Becker G, Zarvan BS: Multiple false-positive serologic tests for HIV, HTLV-1, and hepatitis C following influenza vaccination, 1991. JAMA 1992, 268: 1015-1017. 10.1001\/jama.268.8.1015","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"763_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2540","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1537-2995.2008.01886.x","volume":"48","author":"AM Contreras","year":"2008","unstructured":"Contreras AM, Tornero-Romo CM, Toribio JG, Celis A, Orozco-Hernandez A, Rivera PK, Mendez C, Hernandez-Lugo MI, Olivares L, Alvarado MA: Very low hepatitis C antibody levels predict false-positive results and avoid supplemental testing. Transfusion 2008, 48: 2540-2548. 10.1111\/j.1537-2995.2008.01886.x","journal-title":"Transfusion"},{"key":"763_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1423-0410.2003.00316.x","volume":"85","author":"C Hyland","year":"2003","unstructured":"Hyland C, Seed CR, Kiely P, Parker S, Cowley N, Bolton W: Follow-up of six blood donors highlights the complementary role and limitations of hepatitis C virus antibody and nucleic acid amplification tests. Vox Sang 2003, 85: 1-8. 10.1046\/j.1423-0410.2003.00316.x","journal-title":"Vox Sang"},{"key":"763_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"343","DOI":"10.1590\/S0036-46651998000600002","volume":"40","author":"SS Baba","year":"1998","unstructured":"Baba SS, Fagbami AH, Olaleye OD: Antigenic relatedness of selected flaviviruses: study with homologous and heterologous immune mouse ascitic fluids. Rev Inst Med Trop Sao Paulo 1998, 40: 343-349.","journal-title":"Rev Inst Med Trop Sao Paulo"},{"key":"763_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"181","DOI":"10.1016\/S0166-0934(99)00146-9","volume":"84","author":"H Hennig","year":"2000","unstructured":"Hennig H, Schlenke P, Kirchner H, Bauer I, Schulte-Kellinghaus B, Bludau H: Evaluation of newly developed microparticle enzyme immunoassays for the detection of HCV antibodies. J Virol Methods 2000, 84: 181-190. 10.1016\/S0166-0934(99)00146-9","journal-title":"J Virol Methods"},{"key":"763_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1419","DOI":"10.1016\/0140-6736(90)91446-H","volume":"335","author":"JA Garson","year":"1990","unstructured":"Garson JA, Tedder RS, Briggs M, Tuke P, Glazebrook JA, Trute A, Parker D, Barbara JA, Contreras M, Aloysius S: Detection of hepatitis C viral sequences in blood donations by \"nested\" polymerase chain reaction and prediction of infectivity. Lancet 1990, 335: 1419-1422. 10.1016\/0140-6736(90)91446-H","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"763_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6410","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/20.23.6410","volume":"20","author":"H Okamoto","year":"1992","unstructured":"Okamoto H, Kanai N, Mishiro S: Full-length nucleotide sequence of a Japanese hepatitis C virus isolate (HC-J1) with high homology to USA isolates. Nucleic Acids Res 1992, 20: 6410. 10.1093\/nar\/20.23.6410","journal-title":"Nucleic Acids Res"},{"issue":"Pt 5","key":"763_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1197","DOI":"10.1099\/0022-1317-76-5-1197","volume":"76","author":"F Davidson","year":"1995","unstructured":"Davidson F, Simmonds P, Ferguson JC, Jarvis LM, Dow BC, Follett EA, Seed CR, Krusius T, Lin C, Medgyesi GA, et al.: Survey of major genotypes and subtypes of hepatitis C virus using RFLP of sequences amplified from the 5' non-coding region. J Gen Virol 1995,76(Pt 5):1197-1204. 10.1099\/0022-1317-76-5-1197","journal-title":"J Gen Virol"}],"container-title":["Virology Journal"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/1743-422X-7-18.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,1]],"date-time":"2021-09-01T05:43:04Z","timestamp":1630474984000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/virologyj.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/1743-422X-7-18"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2010,1,25]]},"references-count":25,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2010,12]]}},"alternative-id":["763"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/1743-422x-7-18","relation":{},"ISSN":["1743-422X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1743-422X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2010,1,25]]},"assertion":[{"value":"1 December 2009","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"25 January 2010","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"25 January 2010","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}}],"article-number":"18"}}