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Phylogenetic analysis indicates that, based on the envelope gene (E gene) sequence, the worldwide CxFV strains can be divided into two genotypes.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Result<\/jats:title><jats:p>A virus (SDDM06-11) was isolated from<jats:italic>Culexpipiens<\/jats:italic>collected in Shandong Province, China in 2006. The strain caused cytopathic effect (CPE) in<jats:italic>Aedesalbopictus<\/jats:italic>(C6\/36) cells by 3 days post-infection and immunofluorescence assay (IFA) showed a reaction with Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) polyclonal antibodies. Phylogenetic analysis of the E gene sequence showed CxFV formed two genotypes with the SDDM06-11 strain assigned to genotype 1. Analysis of the E gene nucleotide homology showed the virus possessed characteristic amino acids at specific sites. The nucleotide homology of the open reading frame (ORF) was 94.8%-95.1% between SDDM06-11 and isolates from Japan, Iowa and Texas, and 90.2%-90.5% between SDDM06-11 and isolates from Uganda and Mexico.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>In this paper we report the first isolation and identification of an isolate of CxFV in mainland China. Phylogenetic analysis indicates the isolate belongs to genotype 1. Our findings provide insight into the occurrence of CxFV in<jats:italic>Culex<\/jats:italic>mosquito populations and its distribution on a global scale.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/1743-422x-9-73","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,3,27]],"date-time":"2012-03-27T10:44:07Z","timestamp":1332845047000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":35,"title":["Isolation and identification of a distinct strain of Culex Flavivirus from mosquitoes collected in Mainland China"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"9","author":[{"given":"Wang","family":"Huanyu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wang","family":"Haiyan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fu","family":"Shihong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Liu","family":"Guifang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Liu","family":"Hong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gao","family":"Xiaoyan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Song","family":"Lizhi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Simon","family":"Rayner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xu","family":"Aiqiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Liang","family":"Guodong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2012,3,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"1751_CR1","unstructured":"Fields BN, Knipe DM, Howley PM (Eds): Fields Virology 5th edition. 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