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We have assessed the extent of HPV infection during the perinatal period, and the relationship between mode of delivery and vertical transmission.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>A total of 291 pregnant women over 36\u2009weeks of gestation were enrolled with informed consent. Exfoliative cells were collected from maternal cervix and neonatal buccal mucosa. HPV infection and genotypes were determined with an HPV DNA chip, which can recognise 24 types. The HPV-positive neonates were re-evaluated 6\u2009months after birth to identify the presence of persistent infection. HPV DNA was detected in 18.9\u2009% (55\/291) of pregnant women and 3.4\u2009% (10\/291) of neonates. Maternal infection was associated with abnormal cytology (p\u2009=\u20090.007) and primiparity (p\u2009=\u20090.015). The infected neonates were all born to HPV-positive mothers. The rate of vertical transmission was estimated at 18.2\u2009% (10\/55) which was positively correlated with maternal multiple HPV infection (p\u2009=\u20090.003) and vaginal delivery (p\u2009=\u20090.050), but not with labour duration and premature rupture of membranes. The rate of concordance of genotype was 100\u2009% in mother-neonate pairs with vertical transmission. The neonatal HPV DNAs found at birth were all cleared at 6\u2009months after delivery.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>Vertical transmission of HPV DNA from HPV infected mother to the neonate increased when the infant was delivered through an infected cervix. However, the absence of persistent infection in infants at 6\u2009months after delivery may suggest temporary inoculation rather than true vertical infection.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/1743-422x-9-80","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,4,12]],"date-time":"2012-04-12T08:14:07Z","timestamp":1334218447000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":60,"title":["Rate of vertical transmission of human papillomavirus from mothers to infants: Relationship between infection rate and mode of delivery"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"9","author":[{"given":"Hyun","family":"Park","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Si Won","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"In Ho","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hyun Mee","family":"Ryu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A Reum","family":"Cho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Young Soon","family":"Kang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sung Ran","family":"Hong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sung Soon","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Seok Ju","family":"Seong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Son Moon","family":"Shin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tae Jin","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2012,4,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"1777_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"213","DOI":"10.1080\/00313020212469","volume":"34","author":"SM Garland","year":"2002","unstructured":"Garland SM: Human papillomavirus update with a particular focus on cervical disease. 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