{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,28]],"date-time":"2025-09-28T15:33:35Z","timestamp":1759073615581},"reference-count":55,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Nutr Metab (Lond)"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Neuropeptide Y (NPY) is an important central orexigenic hormone predominantly produced by the hypothalamus, and recently found to be secreted in adipose tissue (AT). Acipimox (Aci) inhibits lipolysis in AT and reduces plasma glycerol and free fatty acid (FFA) levels. Exercise and Aci are enhancers of growth hormone (GH) and NPY secretion and exercise may alter leptin levels. We expect to find abnormal neuropeptidergic response in plasma and AT in patients with bulimia nervosa (BN). We hypothesize that Aci influences these peptides via a FFA-independent mechanism and that Aci inhibits lipolysis through a cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP)-dependent pathway. Dysregulations of the AT-brain axis peptides might be involved in binge eating as is the case in BN.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>The objective of this study was to determine the responses of plasma NPY, GH, leptin, FFA and glycerol levels to exercise in BN patients and healthy women (C) given the anti-lipolytic drug Aci or placebo. The secondary objective of this study was to compare the responses of extracellular glycerol levels and plasma glycerol levels to exercise alone or together with Aci administration in BN patients and C women. Extracellular glycerol was measured<jats:italic>in vivo<\/jats:italic>in subcutaneous (sc) abdominal AT using microdialysis. Eight BN and eight C women were recruited for this single-blind, randomized study. Aci or placebo was given 1 hour before the exercise (45 min, 2 W\/kg of lean body mass [LBM]). NPY, GH, leptin, FFA, glycerol plasma and AT glycerol levels were measured using commercial kits.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The primary outcome of this study was that the exercise with Aci administration resulted in plasma NPY and GH increase (after a 45-minute exercise) and leptin (after a 90-minute post-exercise recovering phase) increased more in BN patients. The secondary outcomes of this study were that the exercise with Aci administration induced a higher decrease of extracellular glycerol in BN patients compared to the C group, while the exercise induced a higher increase of glycerol concentrations in sc abdominal AT of BN patients. Plasma glycerol levels decreased more in BN patients and plasma FFA levels were depressed in both groups after the exercise with Aci administration. The exercise induced similar increases in plasma NPY, GH, FFA and glycerol levels, and a similar decrease in the plasma leptin level in both groups.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>We confirm the results of a single-blind, randomized, microdialysis study, i.e. that the Aci-induced elevation in plasma NPY and GH levels during the exercise is higher in BN patients and that Aci increased plasma leptin levels in the post-exercise recovering phase (90-minute) more in BN patients. The post-exercise rise (45-minute) in AT glycerol is much more attenuated by acute Aci treatment in BN patients. Simultaneously, we found facilitated turnover of plasma glycerol after the exercise together with Aci administration in BN. Our results support the hypotheses that Aci exerts an effect on the FFA-independent and cAMP-dependent mechanism.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Trial Registration<\/jats:title><jats:p>Australia and New Zealand Clinical Trials Register (ANZCTR):<jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" xlink:href=\"http:\/\/www.anzctr.org.au\/ACTRN12611000955910.aspx\" ext-link-type=\"uri\">ACTRN12611000955910<\/jats:ext-link><\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/1743-7075-8-81","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,11,18]],"date-time":"2011-11-18T07:17:46Z","timestamp":1321600666000},"update-policy":"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["A higher response of plasma neuropeptide Y, growth hormone, leptin levels and extracellular glycerol levels in subcutaneous abdominal adipose tissue to Acipimox during exercise in patients with bulimia nervosa: single-blind, randomized, microdialysis study"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"8","author":[{"given":"Kvido","family":"Smitka","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hana","family":"Papezova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Karel","family":"Vondra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Martin","family":"Hill","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Vojtech","family":"Hainer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jara","family":"Nedvidkova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2011,11,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"380_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"962","DOI":"10.1007\/BF03349245","volume":"30","author":"A Torsello","year":"2007","unstructured":"Torsello A, Brambilla F, Tamiazzo L, Bulgarelli I, Rapetti D: Central dysregulations in the control of energy homeostasis and endocrine alterations in anorexia and bulimia nervosa. J Endocrinol Invest 2007, 30: 962-976.","journal-title":"J Endocrinol Invest"},{"key":"380_CR2","first-page":"133","volume":"95","author":"LC Turtzo","year":"2006","unstructured":"Turtzo LC, Lane MD: NPY and neuron-adipocyte interactions in the regulation of metabolism. EXS 2006, 95: 133-141.","journal-title":"EXS"},{"key":"380_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"285","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1463-1326.2008.00909.x","volume":"11","author":"K Kos","year":"2009","unstructured":"Kos K, Baker AR, Jernas M, Harte AL, Clapham JC, O'Hare JP, Carlsson L, Kumar S, McTernan PG: DPP-IV inhibition enhances the antilipolytic action of NPY in human adipose tissue. Diabetes Obes Metab 2009, 11: 285-292. 10.1111\/j.1463-1326.2008.00909.x","journal-title":"Diabetes Obes Metab"},{"key":"380_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"E1335","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpendo.00333.2007","volume":"293","author":"K Kos","year":"2007","unstructured":"Kos K, Harte AL, James S, Snead DR, O'Hare JP, McTernan PG, Kumar S: Secretion of neuropeptide Y in human adipose tisssue and its role in maintance of adipose tissue mass. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2007, 293: E1335-1340. 10.1152\/ajpendo.00333.2007","journal-title":"Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"380_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"E64","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2010-0689","volume":"95","author":"MH Vendelbo","year":"2010","unstructured":"Vendelbo MH, J\u00f8rgensen JO, Pedersen SB, Gormsen LC, Lund S, Schmitz O, Jessen N, M\u00f8ller N: Exercise and fasting activate growth hormone-dependent myocellular signal transducer and activator of transcription-5b phosphorylation and insulin-like growth factor-I messenger ribonucleic acid expression in humans. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2010, 95: E64-E68. 10.1210\/jc.2010-0689","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"380_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"147","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brainresrev.2009.10.007","volume":"62","author":"M Rask-Andersen","year":"2010","unstructured":"Rask-Andersen M, Olszewski PK, Levine AS, Schi\u00f6th HB: Molecular mechanisms underlying anorexia nervosa: Focus on human gene association studies and systems controlling food intake. Brain Res Rev 2010, 62: 147-164. 10.1016\/j.brainresrev.2009.10.007","journal-title":"Brain Res Rev"},{"key":"380_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1645","DOI":"10.2174\/156802607782341037","volume":"7","author":"K Eaton","year":"2007","unstructured":"Eaton K, Sallee FR, Sah R: Relevance of neuropeptide Y (NPY) in psychiatry. Curr Top Med Chem 2007, 7: 1645-1659. 10.2174\/156802607782341037","journal-title":"Curr Top Med Chem"},{"key":"380_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02700621","volume":"35","author":"TR Gruninger","year":"2007","unstructured":"Gruninger TR, LeBoeuf B, Liu Y, Garcia LR: Molecular signaling involved in regulating feeding and other motivated behaviors. Mol Neurobiol 2007, 35: 1-20. 10.1007\/BF02700621","journal-title":"Mol Neurobiol"},{"key":"380_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"132","DOI":"10.1515\/CCLM.2002.023","volume":"40","author":"I Karamouzis","year":"2002","unstructured":"Karamouzis I, Karamouzis M, Vrabas IS, Christoulas K, Kyriazis N, Giannoulis E, Mandroukas K: The effects of marathon swimming on serum leptin and plasma neuropeptide Y levels. Clin Chem Lab Med 2002, 40: 132-136. 10.1515\/CCLM.2002.023","journal-title":"Clin Chem Lab Med"},{"key":"380_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"R693","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpregu.00595.2003","volume":"286","author":"P Kok","year":"2004","unstructured":"Kok P, Buijs MM, Kok SW: Acipimox enhances spontaneous growth hormone secretion in obese women. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 2004, 286: R693-698. 10.1152\/ajpregu.00595.2003","journal-title":"Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol"},{"key":"380_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"208","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2003-39093","volume":"24","author":"WR de Vries","year":"2003","unstructured":"de Vries WR, Schers TJ, Ait Abdesselam S, Osman-Dualeh M, Maitimu I, Koppeschaar HP: Involvement of endogenous growth hormone-releasing hormone (GHRH) in the exercise-related response of growth hormone. Int J Sports Med 2003, 24: 208-211. 10.1055\/s-2003-39093","journal-title":"Int J Sports Med"},{"key":"380_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5983","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.2008.160101","volume":"586","author":"JC Taylor","year":"2008","unstructured":"Taylor JC, Yang HT, Laughlin MH, Terjung RL: \u03b1-Adrenergic and neuropeptide Y Y1 receptor control of collateral circuit conductance: influence of exercise training. J Physiol 2008, 586: 5983-5998. 10.1113\/jphysiol.2008.160101","journal-title":"J Physiol"},{"key":"380_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.1159\/000110802","volume":"87","author":"JA Teske","year":"2008","unstructured":"Teske JA, Billington CJ, Kotz CM: Neuropeptidergic mediators of spontaneous physical activity and non-exercise activity thermogenesis. Neuroendocrinology 2008, 87: 71-90. 10.1159\/000110802","journal-title":"Neuroendocrinology"},{"key":"380_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"335","DOI":"10.1016\/j.metabol.2010.02.009","volume":"60","author":"J J\u00fcrim\u00e4e","year":"2011","unstructured":"J\u00fcrim\u00e4e J, M\u00e4estu J, J\u00fcrim\u00e4e T, Mangus B, von Duvillard SP: Peripheral signals of energy homeostasis as possible markers of training stress in athletes: a review. Metabolism 2011, 60: 335-350. 10.1016\/j.metabol.2010.02.009","journal-title":"Metabolism"},{"key":"380_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"132","DOI":"10.1007\/BF03346569","volume":"33","author":"V Coiro","year":"2010","unstructured":"Coiro V, Casti A, Volta E, Melani A, Rubino P, Saccani-Jotti G, Volpi R, Chiodera P: Effect of physical traininig on reduction of circulating neuropeptide Y levels in elderly humans. J Endocrinol Invest 2010, 33: 132-133.","journal-title":"J Endocrinol Invest"},{"key":"380_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"134","DOI":"10.1016\/j.regpep.2010.12.012","volume":"167","author":"J Nedvidkova","year":"2011","unstructured":"Nedvidkova J, Smitka K, Papezova H, Vondra K, Hill M, Hainer V: Acipimox during exercise points to an inhibitory feedback of GH on ghrelin secretion in bulimic and healthy women. Regul Pept 2011, 167: 134-139. 10.1016\/j.regpep.2010.12.012","journal-title":"Regul Pept"},{"key":"380_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"292","DOI":"10.1016\/S0006-3223(98)00292-3","volume":"46","author":"KA Gendall","year":"1999","unstructured":"Gendall KA, Kaye WH, Altemus M, McConaha CW, La Via MC: Leptin, neuropeptide Y, and peptide YY in long-term recovered eating disorder patients. Biol Psychiatry 1999, 46: 292-299. 10.1016\/S0006-3223(98)00292-3","journal-title":"Biol Psychiatry"},{"key":"380_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"219","DOI":"10.3109\/07435800009066163","volume":"26","author":"J Nedvidkova","year":"2000","unstructured":"Nedvidkova J, Papezova H, Haluzik M, Schreiber V: Interaction between serum leptin levels and hypothalamo-hypophyseal-thyroid axis in patients with anorexia nervosa. Endocr Res 2000, 26: 219-230. 10.3109\/07435800009066163","journal-title":"Endocr Res"},{"key":"380_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"211","DOI":"10.1007\/s00787-009-0085-9","volume":"19","author":"S Scherag","year":"2010","unstructured":"Scherag S, Hebebrand J, Hinney A: Eating disorders: the current status of molecular genetic research. Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry 2010, 19: 211-226.","journal-title":"Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry"},{"key":"380_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"200","DOI":"10.1016\/S0091-3022(03)00014-1","volume":"24","author":"M Scacchi","year":"2003","unstructured":"Scacchi M, Pincelli AI, Cavagnini F: Nutritional status in the neuroendocrine control of growth hormone secretion: the model of anorexia nervosa. Front Neuroendocrinol 2003, 24: 200-224. 10.1016\/S0091-3022(03)00014-1","journal-title":"Front Neuroendocrinol"},{"key":"380_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4889","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2010-0493","volume":"95","author":"PK Fazeli","year":"2010","unstructured":"Fazeli PK, Lawson EA, Prabhakaran R, Miller KK, Donoho DA, Clemmons DR, Herzog DB, Misra M, Klibanski A: Effects of recombinant human growth hormone in anorexia nervosa: A randomized, placebo-controlled study. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2010, 95: 4889-4897. 10.1210\/jc.2010-0493","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"380_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"371","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2362.2004.01344.x","volume":"34","author":"V Bartak","year":"2004","unstructured":"Bartak V, Vybiral S, Papezova H, Dostalova I, Pacak K, Nedvidkova J: Basal and exercise induced sympathetic nervous activity and lipolysis in adipose tissue of patients with anorexia nervosa. Eur J Clin Invest 2004, 34: 371-377. 10.1111\/j.1365-2362.2004.01344.x","journal-title":"Eur J Clin Invest"},{"key":"380_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"337","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2265.1999.00653.x","volume":"50","author":"M Duclos","year":"1999","unstructured":"Duclos M, Corcuff JB, Ruffie A, Roger P, Manier G: Rapid leptin decrease in immediate post-exercise recovery. Clin Endocrinol 1999, 50: 337-342. 10.1046\/j.1365-2265.1999.00653.x","journal-title":"Clin Endocrinol"},{"key":"380_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"335","DOI":"10.1016\/S0026-0495(00)90198-7","volume":"49","author":"M Stumvoll","year":"2000","unstructured":"Stumvoll M, Fritsche A, Tschritter O, Lehmann R, Wahl HG, Renn W, H\u00e4ring H: Leptin levels in humans are acutely suppressed by isoproterenol despite acipimox-induced inhibition of lipolysis, but not by free fatty acids. Metabolism 2000, 49: 335-339. 10.1016\/S0026-0495(00)90198-7","journal-title":"Metabolism"},{"key":"380_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"267","DOI":"10.1677\/joe.0.1740267","volume":"174","author":"YL Wang-Fisher","year":"2002","unstructured":"Wang-Fisher YL, Han J, Guo W: Acipimox stimulates leptin production from isolated rat adipocytes. J Endocrinol 2002, 174: 267-272. 10.1677\/joe.0.1740267","journal-title":"J Endocrinol"},{"key":"380_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S57","DOI":"10.1016\/0899-9007(96)90021-0","volume":"12","author":"MM Meguid","year":"1996","unstructured":"Meguid MM, Yang ZJ, Gleason JR: The gut-brain brain-gut axis in anorexia: toward an understanding of food intake regulation. Nutrition 1996, 12: S57-S62.","journal-title":"Nutrition"},{"key":"380_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"518","DOI":"10.1097\/MCO.0b013e328302c9b0","volume":"11","author":"JA Romijn","year":"2008","unstructured":"Romijn JA, Corssmit EP, Havekes LM, Pijl H: Gut-brain axis. Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab Care 2008, 11: 518-521. 10.1097\/MCO.0b013e328302c9b0","journal-title":"Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab Care"},{"key":"380_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"165","DOI":"10.33549\/physiolres.931952","volume":"60","author":"D Sedlackova","year":"2011","unstructured":"Sedlackova D, Kopeckova J, Papezova H, Vyb\u00edral S, Kvasnickova H, Hill M, Nedvidkova J: Changes of plasma obestatin, ghrelin and NPY in anorexia and bulimia nervosa before and after a high carbohydrate breakfast. Physiol Res 2011, 60: 165-173.","journal-title":"Physiol Res"},{"key":"380_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"639","DOI":"10.1016\/0306-4530(92)90022-Y","volume":"17","author":"V Coiro","year":"1992","unstructured":"Coiro V, Volpi R, Marchesi C, Capretti L, Speroni G, Rossi G, Caffari G, De Ferri : Abnormal growth hormone and cortisol, but not thyroid-stimulating hormone, responses to an intravenous glucose tolerance test in normal-weight, bulimic women. Psychoneuroendocrinology 1992, 17: 639-645. 10.1016\/0306-4530(92)90022-Y","journal-title":"Psychoneuroendocrinology"},{"key":"380_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"598","DOI":"10.1016\/j.crvi.2005.10.008","volume":"329","author":"D Langin","year":"2006","unstructured":"Langin D: Control of fatty acid and glycerol release in adipose tissue lipolysis. C R Biologies 2006, 329: 598-607. 10.1016\/j.crvi.2005.10.008","journal-title":"C R Biologies"},{"key":"380_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"417","DOI":"10.1002\/med.20102","volume":"27","author":"W Soudijn","year":"2007","unstructured":"Soudijn W, Wijngaarden I, Ijzerman AP: Nicotinic acid receptor subtypes and their ligands. Med Res Rev 2007, 27: 417-433. 10.1002\/med.20102","journal-title":"Med Res Rev"},{"key":"380_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1892","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(04)16359-9","volume":"363","author":"F Karpe","year":"2004","unstructured":"Karpe F, Frayn KN: The nicotinic acid receptor - a new mechanism for an old drug. Lancet 2004, 363: 1892-1894. 10.1016\/S0140-6736(04)16359-9","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"380_CR33","volume-title":"Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV)","author":"American Psychiatric Association 1994","year":"1994","unstructured":"American Psychiatric Association 1994: Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). 4th edition. Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Press; 1994.","edition":"4"},{"key":"380_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"205","DOI":"10.1016\/S0141-8130(03)00055-2","volume":"32","author":"I Dostalova","year":"2003","unstructured":"Dostalova I, Pacak K, Nedvidkova J: Application of in vivo microdialysis to measure leptin concentration in adipose tissue. Int J Biol Macromol 2003, 32: 205-208. 10.1016\/S0141-8130(03)00055-2","journal-title":"Int J Biol Macromol"},{"key":"380_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"285","DOI":"10.1159\/000321265","volume":"3","author":"R Nogueiras","year":"2010","unstructured":"Nogueiras R, Williams LM, Dieguez C: Ghrelin: new molecular pathways modulating appetite and adiposity. Obes Facts 2010, 3: 285-292.","journal-title":"Obes Facts"},{"key":"380_CR36","first-page":"755","volume":"27","author":"V Coiro","year":"2006","unstructured":"Coiro V, Saccani-Jotti G, Rubino P, Manfredi G, Melani A, Chiodera P: Effects of ghrelin on circulating neuropeptide Y levels in humans. Neuro Endocrinol Lett 2006, 27: 755-757.","journal-title":"Neuro Endocrinol Lett"},{"key":"380_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"48","DOI":"10.1159\/000322589","volume":"93","author":"DI Briggs","year":"2011","unstructured":"Briggs DI, Andrews ZB: Metabolic status regulates ghrelin secretion on energy homeostasis. Neuroendocrinology 2011, 93: 48-57. 10.1159\/000322589","journal-title":"Neuroendocrinology"},{"key":"380_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1319","DOI":"10.1210\/en.137.4.1319","volume":"137","author":"YY Chan","year":"1996","unstructured":"Chan YY, Steiner RA, Clifton DK: Regulation of hypothalamic neuropeptide Y neurons by growth hormone in the rat. Endocrinology 1996, 137: 1319-1325. 10.1210\/en.137.4.1319","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"key":"380_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"227","DOI":"10.2337\/diabetes.50.2.227","volume":"50","author":"M Shintani","year":"2001","unstructured":"Shintani M, Ogawa Y, Ebihara K, Aizawa-Abe M, Miyanaga F, Takaya K, Hayashi T, Inoue G, Hosoda K, Kojima M, Kangawa K, Nakao K: Ghrelin, an endogenous growth hormone secretagogue, is a novel orexigenic peptide that antagonizes leptin action through activation of hypothalamic neuropeptide Y\/Y1 receptor pathway. Diabetes 2001, 50: 227-232. 10.2337\/diabetes.50.2.227","journal-title":"Diabetes"},{"key":"380_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1146","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2008.02.072","volume":"153","author":"J Deltondo","year":"2008","unstructured":"Deltondo J, Por I, Hu W, Merchenthaler I, Semeniken K, Jojart J, Dudas B: Associations between the human growth hormone-releasing hormone- and neuropeptide-Y-immunoreactive systems in the human diencephalon: a possible morphological substrate of the impact of stress on growth. Neuroscience 2008, 153: 1146-1152. 10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2008.02.072","journal-title":"Neuroscience"},{"key":"380_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2109","DOI":"10.1210\/en.137.5.2109","volume":"137","author":"J Kamegai","year":"1996","unstructured":"Kamegai J, Minami S, Sugihara H, Hasegawa O, Higuchi H, Wakabayashi I: Growth hormone receptor gene is expressed in neuropeptide Y neurons in hypothalamic arcuate nucleus of rats. Endocrinology 1996, 137: 2109-2112. 10.1210\/en.137.5.2109","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"key":"380_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1007\/s10571-006-9110-4","volume":"27","author":"JX Chen","year":"2007","unstructured":"Chen JX, Zhao X, Yue GX, Wang ZF: Influence of acute and chronic treadmill exercise on rat plasma lactate and brain NPY, L-ENK, DYN A 1-13 . Cell Mol Neurobiol 2007, 27: 1-10. 10.1007\/s10571-006-9110-4","journal-title":"Cell Mol Neurobiol"},{"key":"380_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"361","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0031-1273681","volume":"43","author":"V Coiro","year":"2011","unstructured":"Coiro V, Volpi R, Cataldo S, Araldi A, Stella A, Saccani-Jotti G, Maffei ML, Volta E, Chiodera P: Somatostatin reduces neuropeptide Y rise induced by physical exercise. Horm Metab Res 2011, 43: 361-363. 10.1055\/s-0031-1273681","journal-title":"Horm Metab Res"},{"key":"380_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"497","DOI":"10.1016\/j.metabol.2006.11.008","volume":"56","author":"I Dostalova","year":"2007","unstructured":"Dostalova I, Bartak V, Papezova H, Nedvidkova J: The effect of short-term exercise on plasma leptin levels in patients with anorexia nervosa. Metabolism 2007, 56: 497-503. 10.1016\/j.metabol.2006.11.008","journal-title":"Metabolism"},{"key":"380_CR45","first-page":"24","volume":"52","author":"V Bartak","year":"2003","unstructured":"Bartak V, Nedvidkova J, Vybiral S, Dostalova I, Papezova H, Simon M, Drbalova K, Vondra K, Pacak K: Adrenergic regulation of lipolysis in patients with anorexia nervosa during exercise. Physiol Res 2003, 52: 24.","journal-title":"Physiol Res"},{"key":"380_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"409","DOI":"10.33549\/physiolres.930515","volume":"53","author":"J Nedvidkova","year":"2004","unstructured":"Nedvidkova J, Dostalova I, Bartak V, Papezova H, Pacak K: Increased subcutaneous abdominal tissue norepinephrine levels in patients with anorexia nervosa: an in vivo microdialysis study. Physiol Res 2004, 53: 409-413.","journal-title":"Physiol Res"},{"key":"380_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1594","DOI":"10.1097\/00005768-200210000-00010","volume":"34","author":"D Gomez-Merino","year":"2002","unstructured":"Gomez-Merino D, Chennaoui M, Drogou C, Bonneau D, Guezennec CY: Decrease in serum leptin after prolonged physical activity in men. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2002, 34: 1594-1599. 10.1097\/00005768-200210000-00010","journal-title":"Med Sci Sports Exerc"},{"key":"380_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"587","DOI":"10.33549\/physiolres.931089","volume":"56","author":"I Dostalova","year":"2007","unstructured":"Dostalova I, Smitka K, Papezova H, Kvasnickova H, Nedvidkova J: Increased insulin sensitivity in patients with anorexia nervosa: the role of adipocytokines. Physiol Res 2007, 56: 587-594.","journal-title":"Physiol Res"},{"key":"380_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"545","DOI":"10.1530\/eje.1.02000","volume":"153","author":"ET Vestergaard","year":"2005","unstructured":"Vestergaard ET, Hansen TK, Nielsen S, Moller N, Christiansen JS, Jorgensen JOL: Effects of GH replacement therapy in adults on serum levels of leptin and ghrelin: the role of lipolysis. Eur J Endocrinol 2005, 153: 545-549. 10.1530\/eje.1.02000","journal-title":"Eur J Endocrinol"},{"key":"380_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"389","DOI":"10.1530\/eje.0.1430389","volume":"143","author":"D Worm","year":"2000","unstructured":"Worm D, Vinten J, Vaag A, Henriksen JE, Beck-Nielsen H: The nicotinic acid analogue acipimox increases plasma leptin and decreases free fatty acids in type 2 diabetic patients. Eur J Endocrinol 2000, 143: 389-395. 10.1530\/eje.0.1430389","journal-title":"Eur J Endocrinol"},{"key":"380_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"886","DOI":"10.1016\/j.metabol.2004.01.012","volume":"53","author":"G Allick","year":"2004","unstructured":"Allick G, Sprangers F, Weverling GJ, Ackermans MT, Meijer AJ, Romijn JA, Endert E, Bisschop PH, Sauerwein HP: Free fatty acids increase hepatic glycogen content in obese males. Metabolism 2004, 53: 886-893. 10.1016\/j.metabol.2004.01.012","journal-title":"Metabolism"},{"key":"380_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4412","DOI":"10.1210\/jcem.86.9.7796","volume":"86","author":"CA Lissett","year":"2001","unstructured":"Lissett CA, Clayton PE, Shalet SM: The acute leptin response to GH. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2001, 86: 4412-4415. 10.1210\/jc.86.9.4412","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"380_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.1016\/j.regpep.2004.12.029","volume":"128","author":"I Dostalova","year":"2005","unstructured":"Dostalova I, Kopsky V, Duskova J, Papezova H, Pacak K, Nedvidkova J: Leptin concentrations in the abdominal subcutaneous adipose tissue of patients with anorexia nervosa assessed by in vivo microdialysis. Regul Pept 2005, 128: 63-68. 10.1016\/j.regpep.2004.12.029","journal-title":"Regul Pept"},{"key":"380_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"275","DOI":"10.1016\/j.plipres.2009.05.001","volume":"48","author":"M Lafontan","year":"2009","unstructured":"Lafontan M, Langin D: Lipolysis and lipid mobilization in human adipose tissue. Prog Lipid Res 2009, 48: 275-297. 10.1016\/j.plipres.2009.05.001","journal-title":"Prog Lipid Res"},{"key":"380_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"740","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2265.2007.02792.x","volume":"66","author":"V Coiro","year":"2007","unstructured":"Coiro V, Casti A, Rubino P, Manfredi G, Maffei ML, Melani A, Saccani Jotti G, Chiodera P: Free fatty acids inhibit adrenocorticotropin and cortisol secretion stimulated by physical exercise in normal men. Clin Endocrinol 2007, 66: 740-743. 10.1111\/j.1365-2265.2007.02792.x","journal-title":"Clin Endocrinol"}],"container-title":["Nutrition &amp; Metabolism"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/1743-7075-8-81.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,11]],"date-time":"2023-06-11T06:14:47Z","timestamp":1686464087000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/nutritionandmetabolism.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/1743-7075-8-81"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2011,11,17]]},"references-count":55,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,12]]}},"alternative-id":["380"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/1743-7075-8-81","relation":{},"ISSN":["1743-7075"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1743-7075","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2011,11,17]]},"assertion":[{"value":"10 May 2011","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"17 November 2011","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"17 November 2011","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}}],"article-number":"81"}}