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Generation of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species, profibrotic cytokines and growth factors in response to asbestos is likely to play a role in the formation of a fibrinous intrapleural matrix. Benign asbestos related pleural effusions commonly antedate the development of diffuse pleural thickening. Environmental as well as occupational exposure to asbestos may also result in pleural fibrosis, particularly in geographic areas with naturally occurring asbestiform soil minerals. Pleural disorders may also occur after household exposure. High resolution computed tomography (CT) is more sensitive and specific than chest radiography for the diagnosis of diffuse pleural thickening, and several classification systems for asbestos-related disorders have been devised. Magnetic resonance imaging and fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (PET) scanning may be useful in distinguishing between DPT and malignant mesothelioma. DPT may be associated with symptoms such as dyspnoea and chest pain. It causes a restrictive defect on lung function and may rarely result in respiratory failure and death. Treatment is primarily supportive.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1186\/1745-6673-3-20","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,9,9]],"date-time":"2008-09-09T06:13:34Z","timestamp":1220940814000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":48,"title":["Clinical consequences of asbestos-related diffuse pleural thickening: A review"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"3","author":[{"given":"Susan E","family":"Miles","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alessandra","family":"Sandrini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Anthony R","family":"Johnson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Deborah H","family":"Yates","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2008,9,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"66_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"747","DOI":"10.1136\/oem.2006.031823","volume":"64","author":"M Clements","year":"2007","unstructured":"Clements M, Berry G, Shi J, Ware S, Yates D, Johnson A: Projected mesothelioma incidence in men in New South Wales. 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