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In our study, we investigated the expression of SAA in uterine cervical carcinomas, and our results suggested its potential as a serum biomarker.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), immunohistochemistry (IHC) and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) were used to evaluate the SAA gene and protein expression levels in the tissues and sera of patients with non-neoplastic lesions (NNLs), cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) and cervical carcinoma (CC).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Compared with NNLs, the SAA gene (<jats:italic>SAA1<\/jats:italic>and<jats:italic>SAA4<\/jats:italic>) expression levels were significantly higher in uterine CC (mean copy numbers: 138.7 vs. 5.01, P\u2009&lt;\u20090.000; and 1.8 vs. 0.079, P\u2009=\u20090.001, respectively) by real-time PCR. IHC revealed cytoplasmic SAA protein staining in tissues from adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma of the cervix. The median serum concentrations (\u03bcg\/ml) of SAA were 6.02 in patients with NNLs and 10.98 in patients with CIN (P\u2009=\u20090.31). In contrast, the median serum SAA concentration was 23.7\u00a0\u03bcg\/ml in uterine CC patients, which was significantly higher than the SAA concentrations of the NNL group (P\u2009=\u20090.002) and the CIN group (P\u2009=\u20090.024).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Our data suggested that SAA might be a uterine CC cell product. High SAA concentrations in the serum of CC patients may have a role in monitoring disease occurrence and could have therapeutic applications.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Virtual slides<\/jats:title><jats:p>The virtual slide(s) for this article can be found here:<jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" xlink:href=\"http:\/\/www.diagnosticpathology.diagnomx.eu\/vs\/1433263219102962\" ext-link-type=\"uri\">http:\/\/www.diagnosticpathology.diagnomx.eu\/vs\/1433263219102962<\/jats:ext-link><\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/1746-1596-9-16","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,1,21]],"date-time":"2014-01-21T18:51:56Z","timestamp":1390330316000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":34,"title":["Expression of serum amyloid A in uterine cervical cancer"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"9","author":[{"given":"Yanjie","family":"Ren","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"He","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Donghao","family":"Lu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaoyan","family":"Xie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xinlian","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jing","family":"Peng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qian","family":"Hu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gang","family":"Shi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shanling","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,1,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"920_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.3322\/caac.20107","volume":"61","author":"A Jemal","year":"2011","unstructured":"Jemal A, Bray F, Center MM, Ferlay J, Ward E, Forman D: Global cancer statistics. 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