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Traditional botanical medicine is the primary mode of healthcare for most of the rural population in Arunachal Pradesh.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Materials and methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Field research was conducted between April 2006 and March 2009 with randomly selected 124 key informants using semi-structured questionnaire. The data obtained was analyzed through informant consensus factor (F\n                      <jats:sub>IC<\/jats:sub>\n                      ) to determine the homogeneity of informant's knowledge on medicinal plants.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      We documented 50 plants species belonging to 29 families used for treating 22 human and 4 veterinary ailments. Of the medicinal plants reported, the most common growth form was herbs (40%) followed by shrubs, trees, and climbers. Leaves were most frequently used plant parts. The consensus analysis revealed that the dermatological ailments have the highest F\n                      <jats:sub>IC<\/jats:sub>\n                      (0.56) and the gastro-intestinal diseases have F\n                      <jats:sub>IC<\/jats:sub>\n                      (0.43). F\n                      <jats:sub>IC<\/jats:sub>\n                      values indicated that there was high agreement in the use of plants in dermatological and gastro-intestinal ailments category among the users.\n                      <jats:italic>Gymnocladus assamicus<\/jats:italic>\n                      is a critically rare and endangered species used as disinfectant for cleaning wounds and parasites like leeches and lice on livestocks. Two plant species (\n                      <jats:italic>Illicium griffithii<\/jats:italic>\n                      and\n                      <jats:italic>Rubia cordifolia<\/jats:italic>\n                      ) are commonly used for traditional dyeing of clothes and food items. Some of the edible plants recorded in this study were known for their treatment against high blood pressure (\n                      <jats:italic>Clerodendron colebrookianum<\/jats:italic>\n                      ), diabetes mellitus (\n                      <jats:italic>Momordica charantia<\/jats:italic>\n                      ), and intestinal parasitic worms like round and tape worms (\n                      <jats:italic>Lindera neesiana<\/jats:italic>\n                      ,\n                      <jats:italic>Solanum etiopicum<\/jats:italic>\n                      , and\n                      <jats:italic>Solanum indicum<\/jats:italic>\n                      ). The Monpas of Arunachal Pradesh have traditionally been using\n                      <jats:italic>Daphne papyracea<\/jats:italic>\n                      for preparing hand-made paper for painting and writing religious scripts in Buddhist monasteries. Three plant species (\n                      <jats:italic>Derris scandens<\/jats:italic>\n                      ,\n                      <jats:italic>Aesculus assamica<\/jats:italic>\n                      , and\n                      <jats:italic>Polygonum hydropiper<\/jats:italic>\n                      ) were frequently used to poison fish during the month of June-July every year and the underground tuber of\n                      <jats:italic>Aconitum ferrox<\/jats:italic>\n                      is widely used in arrow poisoning to kill ferocious animals like bear, wild pigs, gaur and deer. The most frequently cited plant species;\n                      <jats:italic>Buddleja asiatica<\/jats:italic>\n                      and\n                      <jats:italic>Hedyotis scandens<\/jats:italic>\n                      were used as common growth supplements during the preparation of fermentation starter cultures.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The traditional pharmacopoeia of the Monpa ethnic group incorporates a myriad of diverse botanical flora. Traditional knowledge of the remedies is passed down through oral traditions without any written document. This traditional knowledge is however, currently threatened mainly due to acculturation and deforestation due to continuing traditional shifting cultivation. This study reveals that the rural populations in Arunachal Pradesh have a rich knowledge of forest-based natural resources and consumption of wild edible plants is still an integral part of their socio-cultural life. Findings of this documentation study can be used as an ethnopharmacological basis for selecting plants for future phytochemical and pharmaceutical studies.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/1746-4269-7-31","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,11,2]],"date-time":"2011-11-02T15:50:05Z","timestamp":1320249005000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":95,"title":["Ethnobotany of the Monpa ethnic group at Arunachal Pradesh, India"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"7","author":[{"given":"Nima D","family":"Namsa","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Manabendra","family":"Mandal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sumpam","family":"Tangjang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Subhash C","family":"Mandal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2011,10,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"239_CR1","volume-title":"General Guidelines for Methodologies on Research and Evaluation of Traditional Medicine","author":"WHO","year":"2001","unstructured":"WHO: General Guidelines for Methodologies on Research and Evaluation of Traditional Medicine. 2001, Geneva, Switzerland"},{"key":"239_CR2","first-page":"242","volume-title":"Ethnobotany-The Renaissance of Traditional Herbal Medicine","author":"RK Sinha","year":"1996","unstructured":"Sinha RK: Ethnobotany-The Renaissance of Traditional Herbal Medicine. 1996, InaShree Publishers, Jaipur, India, 242-"},{"key":"239_CR3","first-page":"37","volume":"86","author":"NK Dubey","year":"2004","unstructured":"Dubey NK, Kumar R, Tripati P: Global promotion of herbal medicine: India'sopportunity. 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