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In addition, a questionnaire regarding knowledge and practices was applied to pet owners.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Nine ectoparasite species belonging to four taxa and six intestinal helminth species were identified: fleas (<jats:italic>Ctenocephalides canis, Pulex irritans, Tunga penetrans<\/jats:italic>), mites (<jats:italic>Demodex canis, Otodectes<\/jats:italic>sp.,<jats:italic>Sarcoptes scabiei<\/jats:italic>var.<jats:italic>canis<\/jats:italic>), ticks (<jats:italic>Rhipicephalus sanguineus, Ixodes<\/jats:italic>sp.), and lice (<jats:italic>Trichodectes canis<\/jats:italic>); and<jats:italic>Toxocara canis, Ancylostoma<\/jats:italic>sp.,<jats:italic>Trichuris vulpis, Dipylidium caninum<\/jats:italic>, Taenidae and<jats:italic>Strongyloides<\/jats:italic>sp. Overall prevalence of ectoparasites was 60.4% and of intestinal helminths 68.4%. The occurrence of<jats:italic>C. canis, R. sanguineus, T. canis, Ancylostoma<\/jats:italic>sp. and<jats:italic>T. vulpis<\/jats:italic>was most common (prevalence 14.4% to 41.7%). Prevalence patterns in helminths were age-dependent, with<jats:italic>T. canis<\/jats:italic>showing a decreasing prevalence with age of host, and a reverse trend in other parasite species. Knowledge regarding zoonoses was very limited and the diseases not considered a major health problem. Treatment with antiparasitic drugs was more frequent in urban areas.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Parasites of importance for human health were highly prevalent in Nigerian dogs. Interventions should include health education provided to dog owners and the establishment of a program focusing on zoonotic diseases.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/1746-6148-4-49","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,12,10]],"date-time":"2008-12-10T07:13:29Z","timestamp":1228893209000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":82,"title":["Parasites of importance for human health in Nigerian dogs: high prevalence and limited knowledge of pet owners"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"4","author":[{"given":"Uade Samuel","family":"Ugbomoiko","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Liana","family":"Ariza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jorg","family":"Heukelbach","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2008,12,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"130_CR1","first-page":"549","volume":"39","author":"IR Dohoo","year":"1998","unstructured":"Dohoo IR, McDonell WN, Rhodes CS, Elazhary YL: Veterinary research and human health. 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