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Among the <jats:italic>Curcuma<\/jats:italic> species, <jats:italic>C. longa<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>C. aromatica<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>C. xanthorrhiza<\/jats:italic> are popular. The main constituents of <jats:italic>Curcuma<\/jats:italic> species are curcuminoids and bisabolane-type sesquiterpenes. Curcumin is the most important constituent among natural curcuminoids found in these plants. Published research has described the biological effects and chemistry of curcumin. Curcumin derivatives have been evaluated for bioactivity and structure-activity relationships (SAR). In this article, we review the literature between 1976 and mid-2008 on the anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant, anti-HIV, chemopreventive and anti-prostate cancer effects of curcuminoids. Recent studies on curcuminoids, particularly on curcumin, have discovered not only much on the therapeutic activities, but also on mechanisms of molecular biological action and major genomic effects.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1186\/1749-8546-3-11","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,9,18]],"date-time":"2008-09-18T06:13:56Z","timestamp":1221718436000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":166,"title":["Recent advances in the investigation of curcuminoids"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"3","author":[{"given":"Hideji","family":"Itokawa","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qian","family":"Shi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Toshiyuki","family":"Akiyama","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Susan L","family":"Morris-Natschke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kuo-Hsiung","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2008,9,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"28_CR1","first-page":"330","volume-title":"Herbal Therapy and Supplements: A Scientific & Traditional Approach","author":"MA Kuhn","year":"2001","unstructured":"Kuhn MA, Winston D: Herbal Therapy and Supplements: A Scientific & Traditional Approach. 2001, New York: Lippincott, 330-335."},{"key":"28_CR2","first-page":"118","volume-title":"Medicinal Plants of the World","author":"BE Van Wyk","year":"2004","unstructured":"Van Wyk BE, Wink M: Medicinal Plants of the World. 2004, Portland: Timber Press, 118-"},{"key":"28_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"170","DOI":"10.1021\/bk-1993-0534.ch012","volume-title":"Human Medicinal Agents from Plants. 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