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PHD-dependent hydroxylation targets HIF\u03b1 for rapid proteasomal degradation; FIH-catalysed asparaginyl-hydroxylation of the <jats:italic>C<\/jats:italic>-terminal transactivation domain (CAD) of HIF\u03b1 suppresses the CAD-dependent subset of the extensive transcriptional responses induced by HIF. FIH can also hydroxylate ankyrin-repeat domain (ARD) proteins, a large group of proteins which are functionally unrelated but share common structural features. Competition by ARD proteins for FIH is hypothesised to affect FIH activity towards HIF\u03b1; however the extent of this competition and its effect on the HIF-dependent hypoxic response are unknown.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>To analyse if and in which way the FIH\/ARD protein interaction affects HIF-activity, we created a rate equation model. Our model predicts that an oxygen-regulated sequestration of FIH by ARD proteins significantly shapes the input\/output characteristics of the HIF system. The FIH\/ARD protein interaction is predicted to create an oxygen threshold for HIF\u03b1 CAD-hydroxylation and to significantly sharpen the signal\/response curves, which not only focuses HIF\u03b1 CAD-hydroxylation into a defined range of oxygen tensions, but also makes the response ultrasensitive to varying oxygen tensions. Our model further suggests that the hydroxylation status of the ARD protein pool can encode the strength and the duration of a hypoxic episode, which may allow cells to memorise these features for a certain time period after reoxygenation.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>The FIH\/ARD protein interaction has the potential to contribute to oxygen-range finding, can sensitise the response to changes in oxygen levels, and can provide a memory of the strength and the duration of a hypoxic episode. These emergent properties are predicted to significantly shape the characteristics of HIF activity in animal cells. We argue that the FIH\/ARD interaction should be taken into account in studies of the effect of pharmacological inhibition of the HIF-hydroxylases and propose that the interaction of a signalling sensor with a large group of proteins might be a general mechanism for the regulation of signalling pathways.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/1752-0509-4-139","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2010,10,19]],"date-time":"2010-10-19T06:14:20Z","timestamp":1287468860000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":41,"title":["Hypoxia-dependent sequestration of an oxygen sensor by a widespread structural motif can shape the hypoxic response - a predictive kinetic model"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"4","author":[{"given":"Bernhard","family":"Schmierer","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"B\u00e9la","family":"Nov\u00e1k","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Christopher J","family":"Schofield","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2010,10,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"550_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"617","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbrc.2005.08.111","volume":"338","author":"CJ Schofield","year":"2005","unstructured":"Schofield CJ, Ratcliffe PJ: Signalling hypoxia by HIF hydroxylases. 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