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In a phosphorylated state, CtrA binds specific DNA sequences, regulates the expression of genes involved in cell cycle progression and silences the origin of replication. Although the circuitry regulating CtrA is known in molecular detail in <jats:italic>Caulobacter<\/jats:italic>, its conservation and functionality in the other alpha-proteobacteria are still poorly understood.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>Orthologs of <jats:italic>Caulobacter<\/jats:italic> factors involved in the regulation of CtrA were systematically scanned in genomes of alpha-proteobacteria. In particular, orthologous genes of the <jats:italic>divL-cckA-chpT-ctrA<\/jats:italic> phosphorelay, the <jats:italic>divJ<\/jats:italic>-<jats:italic>pleC<\/jats:italic>-<jats:italic>divK<\/jats:italic> two-component system, the <jats:italic>cpdR<\/jats:italic>-<jats:italic>rcdA<\/jats:italic>-<jats:italic>clpPX<\/jats:italic> proteolysis system, the methyltransferase <jats:italic>ccrM<\/jats:italic> and transcriptional regulators <jats:italic>dnaA<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>gcrA<\/jats:italic> were identified in representative genomes of alpha-proteobacteria. CtrA, DnaA and GcrA binding sites and CcrM putative methylation sites were predicted in promoter regions of all these factors and functions controlled by CtrA in all alphas were predicted.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>The regulatory cell cycle architecture was identified in all representative alpha-proteobacteria, revealing a high diversification of circuits but also a conservation of logical features. An evolutionary model was proposed where ancient alphas already possessed all modules found in <jats:italic>Caulobacter<\/jats:italic> arranged in a variety of connections. Two schemes appeared to evolve: a complex circuit in <jats:italic>Caulobacterales<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>Rhizobiales<\/jats:italic> and a simpler one found in <jats:italic>Rhodobacterales<\/jats:italic>.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/1752-0509-4-52","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2010,5,26]],"date-time":"2010-05-26T12:10:17Z","timestamp":1274875817000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":175,"title":["The diversity and evolution of cell cycle regulation in alpha-proteobacteria: a comparative genomic analysis"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"4","author":[{"given":"Matteo","family":"Brilli","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Marco","family":"Fondi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Renato","family":"Fani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Alessio","family":"Mengoni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Lorenzo","family":"Ferri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Marco","family":"Bazzicalupo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Emanuele G","family":"Biondi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2010,4,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"441_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8063","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.140209597","volume":"97","author":"P Fawcett","year":"2000","unstructured":"Fawcett P, Eichenberger P, Losick R, Youngman P: The transcriptional profile of early to middle sporulation in Bacillus subtilis. 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