{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,11]],"date-time":"2026-11-11T01:20:10Z","timestamp":1794360010311,"version":"4.9.0"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,8,20]],"date-time":"2013-08-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1376956800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/2.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Chemistry Central Journal"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>The compatibility study of active substances with excipients finds an important role in the domain of pharmaceutical research, being known the fact that final formulation is the one administered to the patient. In order to evaluate the compatibility between active substance and excipients, different analytical techniques can be used, based on their accuracy, reproducibility and fastness.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>Compatibility study of two well-known active substances, procaine and benzocaine, with four commonly used excipients, was carried out employing thermal analysis (TG\/DTG\/HF) and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (UATR-FT-IR). The selected excipients were microcrystalline cellulose, lactose monohydrate, magnesium stearate and talc. Equal proportion of active substance and excipients (<jats:italic>w<\/jats:italic>\/<jats:italic>w<\/jats:italic>) was utilized in the interaction study. The absolute value of the difference between the melting point peak of active substances and the one corresponding for the active substances in the analysed mixture, as well the absolute value of the difference between the enthalpy of the pure active ingredient melting peak and that of its melting peak in the different analysed mixtures were chosen as indexes of the drug-excipient interaction degree. All the results obtained through thermal analysis were also sustained by FT-IR spectroscopy.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>The corroboration of data obtained by thermal analysis with the ones from FT-IR spectroscopy indicated that no interaction occurs between procaine and benzocaine, with microcrystalline cellulose and talc, as well for the benzocaine-lactose mixture. Interactions were confirmed between procaine and benzocaine respectively and magnesium stearate, and for procaine and lactose.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/1752-153x-7-140","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,8,20]],"date-time":"2013-08-20T16:15:04Z","timestamp":1377015304000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":36,"title":["Thermal behaviour of procaine and benzocaine Part II: compatibility study with some pharmaceutical excipients used in solid dosage forms"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"7","author":[{"given":"Adriana","family":"Fulia\u015f","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ionu\u0163","family":"Lede\u0163i","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gabriela","family":"Vlase","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"C\u0103lin","family":"Popoiu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alina","family":"Heghe\u015f","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mihai","family":"Bilanin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Titus","family":"Vlase","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dorina","family":"Gheorgheosu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marius","family":"Craina","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Simona","family":"Ardelean","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dumitru","family":"Ferechide","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Otilia","family":"M\u0103rginean","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Liana","family":"Mo\u015f","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,8,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"775_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"323","DOI":"10.1007\/s10973-006-7935-1","volume":"91","author":"HK Stulzer","year":"2008","unstructured":"Stulzer HK, Rodrigues PO, Cardoso TM, Matos JSR: Compatibility studies between captopril and pharmaceutical excipients used in tablets formulations. J Therm Anal Calorim. 2008, 91: 323-328. 10.1007\/s10973-006-7935-1.","journal-title":"J Therm Anal Calorim"},{"key":"775_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"349","DOI":"10.1007\/s10973-009-0072-x","volume":"97","author":"RS Nunes","year":"2009","unstructured":"Nunes RS, Semaan FS, Riga AT, Cavalheiro ETG: Thermal behaviour of verapamil hydrochloride and its association with excipients. J Therm Anal Calorim. 2009, 97: 349-353. 10.1007\/s10973-009-0072-x.","journal-title":"J Therm Anal Calorim"},{"key":"775_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"987","DOI":"10.1007\/s10973-010-0708-x","volume":"99","author":"A Fulia\u015f","year":"2010","unstructured":"Fulia\u015f A, Vlase T, Vlase G, Doca N: Thermal behaviour of cephalexin in different mixtures. J Therm Anal Cal. 2010, 99: 987-992. 10.1007\/s10973-010-0708-x.","journal-title":"J Therm Anal Cal"},{"key":"775_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"44","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpba.2013.03.018","volume":"81-82","author":"A Fulia\u015f","year":"2013","unstructured":"Fulia\u015f A, Lede\u0163i I, Vlase G, Vlase T: Physico-chemical solid-state characterization of pharmaceutical pyrazolones: an unexpected thermal behaviour. J Pharm Biomed Anal. 2013, 81-82: 44-49.","journal-title":"J Pharm Biomed Anal"},{"issue":"3","key":"775_CR5","first-page":"243","volume":"2","author":"A Vikarm Singh","year":"2011","unstructured":"Vikarm Singh A, Kanta Nath L: Evaluation of compatibility of lamivudine with tablet excipients and a novel synthesized polymer. J Mater Environ Sci. 2011, 2 (3): 243-250.","journal-title":"J Mater Environ Sci"},{"key":"775_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"259","DOI":"10.1007\/s10973-007-8727-y","volume":"92","author":"T Vlase","year":"2008","unstructured":"Vlase T, Vlase G, Doca N: Thermal behaviour of some phenitoine pharmaceuticals. J Therm Anal Calorim. 2008, 92: 259-262. 10.1007\/s10973-007-8727-y.","journal-title":"J Therm Anal Calorim"},{"issue":"3","key":"775_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"881","DOI":"10.1007\/s10973-007-8187-4","volume":"93","author":"RLO Rezende","year":"2008","unstructured":"Rezende RLO, Santoro MIRM, Matos JR: Stability and compatibility study on enalapril maleate using thermoanalytical techniques. J Therm Anal Calorim. 2008, 93 (3): 881-886. 10.1007\/s10973-007-8187-4.","journal-title":"J Therm Anal Calorim"},{"key":"775_CR8","first-page":"449","volume":"11","author":"R Kandarapu","year":"2001","unstructured":"Kandarapu R, Grover V, Chawla HPS, Garg S: Evaluation of compatibility of ketorolac tromethamine with selected polymers and common tablet excipients by thermal and isothermal stress testing. STP Pharm Sci. 2001, 11: 449-457.","journal-title":"STP Pharm Sci"},{"key":"775_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2115","DOI":"10.3109\/03639048909052523","volume":"15","author":"DC Monkhouse","year":"1989","unstructured":"Monkhouse DC, Maderich A: Whither compatibility testing?. Drug Dev Ind Pharm. 1989, 15: 2115-2130. 10.3109\/03639048909052523.","journal-title":"Drug Dev Ind Pharm"},{"issue":"3","key":"775_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"424","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpba.2011.02.016","volume":"55","author":"K Liltorp","year":"2011","unstructured":"Liltorp K, Gorm Larsen T, Willumsen B, Holm R: Solid state compatibility studies with tablet excipients using non thermal methods. J Pharm Biomed Anal. 2011, 55 (3): 424-428. 10.1016\/j.jpba.2011.02.016.","journal-title":"J Pharm Biomed Anal"},{"key":"775_CR11","first-page":"380","volume-title":"Goodman and Gilman\u2019s - the pharmacological basis of therapeutics","author":"LL Brunton","year":"2006","unstructured":"Brunton LL, Lazo JS, Parker KL: Goodman and Gilman\u2019s - the pharmacological basis of therapeutics. 2006, New York: McGraw-Hill Medical Publishing Division Company, Inc, 380-11","edition":"11"},{"key":"775_CR12","first-page":"869","volume-title":"Organic-chemical drugs and their synonyms","author":"M Negwer","year":"2001","unstructured":"Negwer M, Scharnow HG: Organic-chemical drugs and their synonyms. 2001, Weinheim: Wiley-VCH verlag GmbH, 1: 869-8 extensively enlarged","edition":"8 extensively e"},{"key":"775_CR13","first-page":"358","volume-title":"Organic-chemical drugs and their synonyms","author":"M Negwer","year":"2001","unstructured":"Negwer M, Scharnow HG: Organic-chemical drugs and their synonyms. 2001, Weinheim: Wiley-VCH verlag GmbH, 1: 358-8 extensively enlarged","edition":"8 extensively e"},{"issue":"1-3","key":"775_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1016\/j.forsciint.2010.08.010","volume":"207","author":"SE Spencer","year":"2011","unstructured":"Spencer SE, Kim SY, Kim SB, Schug KA: Matrix-assisted laser desorption\/ionization\u2013time of flight-mass spectrometry profiling of trace constituents of condom lubricants in the presence of biological fluids. Forensic Sci Int. 2011, 207 (1-3): 19-26. 10.1016\/j.forsciint.2010.08.010.","journal-title":"Forensic Sci Int"},{"key":"775_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"265","DOI":"10.1007\/s10973-013-2959-9","volume":"113","author":"A Fulias","year":"2013","unstructured":"Fulias A, Vlase G, Grigorie C, Lede\u0163i I, Albu P, Bilanin M, Vlase T: Thermal behaviour studies of procaine and benzocaine. J Therm Anal Calorim. 2013, 113: 265-271. 10.1007\/s10973-013-2959-9.","journal-title":"J Therm Anal Calorim"},{"issue":"B","key":"775_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.2298\/JMMB0801007B","volume":"44","author":"V Balek","year":"2008","unstructured":"Balek V, \u0160ubrt J, P\u00e9rez-Maqueda LA, Bene\u0161 M, Bountseva IM, Beckman IN, P\u00e9rez-Rodr\u00edguez JL: Thermal behaviour of ground talc mineral. J Mining Metallurgy. 2008, 44 (B): 7-17.","journal-title":"J Mining Metallurgy"},{"key":"775_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"139","DOI":"10.1016\/0169-1317(94)90033-7","volume":"9","author":"EF Aglietti","year":"1994","unstructured":"Aglietti EF: The effect of dry grinding on the structure of talc. Appl Clay Sci. 1994, 9: 139-147. 10.1016\/0169-1317(94)90033-7.","journal-title":"Appl Clay Sci"},{"key":"775_CR18","first-page":"243","volume-title":"Handbook of antiblocking, release, and slip additives","author":"G Wypych","year":"2005","unstructured":"Wypych G: Handbook of antiblocking, release, and slip additives. 2005, Toronto: ChemTec Publishing, 243-"},{"key":"775_CR19","first-page":"153","volume":"2","author":"MV Devi","year":"2000","unstructured":"Devi MV, Babu PSSK: Drug-excipient interaction studies on enalapril maleate. Int J Pharm Excipients. 2000, 2: 153-158.","journal-title":"Int J Pharm Excipients"},{"key":"775_CR20","volume-title":"Spectroscopic identification of organic compounds","author":"RM Silverstein","year":"2005","unstructured":"Silverstein RM, Webster FX, Kiemle D: Spectroscopic identification of organic compounds. 2005, New York: John Wiley & Sons Ltd"}],"container-title":["Chemistry Central Journal"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/1752-153X-7-140.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/1752-153X-7-140\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/1752-153X-7-140.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,2]],"date-time":"2021-09-02T19:57:18Z","timestamp":1630612638000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/bmcchem.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/1752-153X-7-140"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2013,8,20]]},"references-count":20,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,12]]}},"alternative-id":["775"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/1752-153x-7-140","relation":{},"ISSN":["1752-153X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1752-153X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2013,8,20]]},"assertion":[{"value":"11 May 2013","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"15 August 2013","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"20 August 2013","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}}],"article-number":"140"}}