{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,15]],"date-time":"2026-01-15T05:45:36Z","timestamp":1768455936228,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":14,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2010,4,29]],"date-time":"2010-04-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1272499200000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Med Case Reports"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2010,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>There has been an increasing number of tuberculosis cases worldwide, but tuberculosis of the breast remains rare. In rare cases this is seen with a cutaneous manifestation of erythema nodosum.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Case presentation<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>We report the case of a 33-year-old Chinese woman with tuberculosis of the left breast accompanied by erythema nodosum on the anterior aspect of both lower legs. Due to her poor clinical response to conventional therapy, and the histopathological findings of fine needle aspiration cytology, there were strong indications of tuberculosis. Her clinical diagnosis was confirmed by molecular detection of <jats:italic>Mycobacterium tuberculosis<\/jats:italic> complex by polymerase chain reaction. The diagnosis was further confirmed by a second polymerase chain reaction test of erythema nodosum which tested positive for <jats:italic>Mycobacterium tuberculosis<\/jats:italic> complex. She received anti-tuberculous therapy for 18 months, and finally underwent residual lumpectomy. During her follow-up examination after 12 months, no evidence of either residual or recurrent disease was present.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>Histopathological features and a high index of clinical suspicion are necessary to confirm a diagnosis of tuberculosis of the breast. Anti-tuberculous therapy with or without simple surgical intervention is the core treatment.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/1752-1947-4-124","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2010,4,29]],"date-time":"2010-04-29T18:14:46Z","timestamp":1272564886000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["Tuberculosis of the breast with erythema nodosum: a case report"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"4","author":[{"given":"Pao-Tsuan","family":"Kao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"May-Yu","family":"Tu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sai-Hung","family":"Tang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hon-Kwong","family":"Ma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2010,4,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"1085_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"379","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00299163","volume":"19","author":"SR Shinde","year":"1995","unstructured":"Shinde SR, Chandawarkar RY, Deshmukh SP: Tuberculosis of the breast masquerading as carcinoma: a study of 100 patients. World J Surg. 1995, 19: 379-381. 10.1007\/BF00299163.","journal-title":"World J Surg"},{"key":"1085_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.1186\/1477-7819-5-67","volume":"5","author":"MN Ak\u00e7ay","year":"2007","unstructured":"Ak\u00e7ay MN, Sa\u011flam L, Polat P, Erdo\u011fan F, Albayrak Y, Povosk\u0131 SP: Mammary tuberculosis -- importance of recognition and differentiation from that of a breast malignancy: report of three cases and review of the literature. World J Surg Oncol. 2007, 5: 67-10.1186\/1477-7819-5-67.","journal-title":"World J Surg Oncol"},{"key":"1085_CR3","first-page":"103","volume":"122","author":"M Tewari","year":"2005","unstructured":"Tewari M, Shukla HS: Breast tuberculosis: diagnosis, clinical features and management. Indian J Med Res. 2005, 122: 103-110.","journal-title":"Indian J Med Res"},{"key":"1085_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1512","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.36.6.1512-1517.1998","volume":"36","author":"G Marchetti","year":"1998","unstructured":"Marchetti G, Gori A, Catozzi L, Vago L, Nebuloni M, Rossi MC, Esposti AD, Bandera A, Franzetti F: Evaluation of PCR in detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis from formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissues: comparison of four amplification assays. J Clin Microbiol. 1998, 36: 1512-1517.","journal-title":"J Clin Microbiol"},{"key":"1085_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"105","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01658471","volume":"11","author":"SN Bannerjee","year":"1987","unstructured":"Bannerjee SN, Ananthakrishran N, Mehta RB: Tuberculous mastitis: a continuing problem. World J Surg. 1987, 11: 105-109. 10.1007\/BF01658471.","journal-title":"World J Surg"},{"issue":"1","key":"1085_CR6","first-page":"e3","volume":"49","author":"KS Madhusudhan","year":"2008","unstructured":"Madhusudhan KS, Gamanagatti S: Primary breast tuberculosis masquerading as carcinoma. Singapore Med J. 2008, 49 (1): e3-","journal-title":"Singapore Med J"},{"key":"1085_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"346","DOI":"10.1054\/brst.2002.0420","volume":"11","author":"N Kalac","year":"2002","unstructured":"Kalac N, Ozkan B, Bayiz H, Dursun AB, Demirag F: Breast tuberculosis. Breast. 2002, 11: 346-349. 10.1054\/brst.2002.0420.","journal-title":"Breast"},{"key":"1085_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.1258\/rsmacta.41.1.61","volume":"41","author":"F Zandrino","year":"2000","unstructured":"Zandrino F, Monetti F, Gan Dolfo N: Primary tuberculosis of the breast: a case report. Acta Radiol. 2000, 41: 61-63. 10.1080\/028418500127344768.","journal-title":"Acta Radiol"},{"issue":"8","key":"1085_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"580","DOI":"10.1631\/jzus.2007.B0580","volume":"8","author":"SP Luh","year":"2007","unstructured":"Luh SP, Hsu JD, Lai YS, Chen SW: Primary tuberculous infection of breast: experiences of surgical resection for aged patients and review of literature. J Zhejiang Univ Sci B. 2007, 8 (8): 580-583. 10.1631\/jzus.2007.B0580.","journal-title":"J Zhejiang Univ Sci B"},{"key":"1085_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1505","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.98.6.1505","volume":"98","author":"JP Wilson","year":"1990","unstructured":"Wilson JP, Chapman SW: Tuberculous mastitis. Chest. 1990, 98: 1505-1509. 10.1378\/chest.98.6.1505.","journal-title":"Chest"},{"key":"1085_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"422","DOI":"10.1136\/pmj.78.921.422","volume":"78","author":"R Khanna","year":"2002","unstructured":"Khanna R, Prasanna GV, Gupta P, Kumar M, Khanna S, Khanna AK: Mammary tuberculosis: report on 52 cases. Postgrad Med J. 2002, 78: 422-424. 10.1136\/pmj.78.921.422.","journal-title":"Postgrad Med J"},{"key":"1085_CR12","first-page":"210","volume":"11","author":"S Kervancio\u011flu","year":"2005","unstructured":"Kervancio\u011flu S, Kervancio\u011flu R, \u00d6zkur A, \u015eirik\u00e7i A: Primary tuberculosis of the breast. Diagn Interv Radiol. 2005, 11: 210-212.","journal-title":"Diagn Interv Radiol"},{"key":"1085_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"285","DOI":"10.1016\/j.det.2007.11.006","volume":"26","author":"G Sethuraman","year":"2008","unstructured":"Sethuraman G, Ramesh V, Raman M, Sharma VK: Skin tuberculosis in children: learning from India. Dermatol Clin. 2008, 26: 285-294. 10.1016\/j.det.2007.11.006.","journal-title":"Dermatol Clin"},{"issue":"5","key":"1085_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"975","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.2005.73.975","volume":"73","author":"BB Da Silva","year":"2005","unstructured":"Da Silva BB, Dos Santos LG, Costa PVL, Pires CG, Borges AS: Clinical case report: primary tuberculosis of the breast mimicking carcinoma. Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2005, 73 (5): 975-976.","journal-title":"Am J Trop Med Hyg"}],"container-title":["Journal of Medical Case Reports"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/1752-1947-4-124.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/1752-1947-4-124\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/1752-1947-4-124","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/1752-1947-4-124.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,1]],"date-time":"2021-09-01T05:49:02Z","timestamp":1630475342000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/jmedicalcasereports.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/1752-1947-4-124"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2010,4,29]]},"references-count":14,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2010,12]]}},"alternative-id":["1085"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/1752-1947-4-124","relation":{},"ISSN":["1752-1947"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1752-1947","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2010,4,29]]},"assertion":[{"value":"4 November 2009","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"29 April 2010","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"29 April 2010","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}}],"article-number":"124"}}