{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,2]],"date-time":"2025-11-02T10:28:05Z","timestamp":1762079285549},"reference-count":10,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2011,5,25]],"date-time":"2011-05-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1306281600000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Med Case Reports"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>Estimates indicate that West Nile virus infects approximately one and a half million people in the United States of America. Up to 1% may develop West Nile virus neuroinvasive disease, in which infected patients develop any combination of meningitis, encephalitis, or acute paralysis.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Case presentation<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>A 56-year-old African-American man presented to our hospital with headache, restlessness, fever, myalgias, decreased appetite, and progressive confusion. A cerebrospinal fluid examination showed mild leukocytosis and an elevated protein level. Testing for routine infections was negative. Brain T2-weighted magnetic resonance imaging scans showed marked enlargement of caudate nuclei and increased intensity within the basal ganglia and thalami. A West Nile virus titer was positive, and serial brain magnetic resonance imaging scans showed resolving abnormalities that paralleled his neurological examination.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>This report is unusual as it portrays the natural history and long-term consequences of West Nile virus meningoencephalitis diagnosed on the basis of serial brain images.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/1752-1947-5-204","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,5,25]],"date-time":"2011-05-25T18:19:41Z","timestamp":1306347581000},"update-policy":"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["The natural history of West Nile virus infection presenting with West Nile virus meningoencephalitis in a man with a prolonged illness: a case report"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"5","author":[{"given":"Shraddha","family":"Mainali","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mansoor","family":"Afshani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"James B","family":"Wood","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Michael C","family":"Levin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2011,5,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"1575_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1858","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM200106143442409","volume":"344","author":"KL Tyler","year":"2001","unstructured":"Tyler KL: West Nile virus encephalitis in America. N Engl J Med. 2001, 344: 1858-1859. 10.1056\/NEJM200106143442409.","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"1575_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"370","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra030476","volume":"351","author":"T Solomon","year":"2004","unstructured":"Solomon T: Flavivirus encephalitis. N Engl J Med. 2004, 351: 370-378. 10.1056\/NEJMra030476.","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"1575_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1807","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM200106143442401","volume":"344","author":"D Nash","year":"2001","unstructured":"Nash D, Mostashari F, Fine A, Miller J, O'Leary D, Murray K, Huang A, Rosenberg A, Greenberg A, Sherman M, Wong S, Layton M: The outbreak of West Nile virus infection in the New York City area in 1999. 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