{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,2]],"date-time":"2026-09-02T03:39:03Z","timestamp":1788320343940,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,7,5]],"date-time":"2012-07-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1341446400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/2.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Child Adolesc Psychiatry Ment Health"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,12]]},"DOI":"10.1186\/1753-2000-6-16","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,5,4]],"date-time":"2012-05-04T10:14:51Z","timestamp":1336126491000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":75,"title":["Challenges of caring for children with mental disorders: Experiences and views of caregivers attending the outpatient clinic at Muhimbili National Hospital, Dar es Salaam - Tanzania"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"6","author":[{"given":"Joel Semel","family":"Ambikile","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anne","family":"Outwater","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2012,7,5]]},"reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"182_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"102","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-6712.2006.00380.x","volume":"20","author":"G Helena","year":"2006","unstructured":"Helena G, Gun P, Bengt F: Mental health professional support in families with a member suffering from severe mental illness: a grounded theory model. Scand J Caring Sci. 2006, 20 (1): 102-109. 10.1111\/j.1471-6712.2006.00380.x.","journal-title":"Scand J Caring Sci"},{"issue":"5","key":"182_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"265","DOI":"10.1007\/s00787-006-0531-x","volume":"15","author":"MH Schmidt","year":"2006","unstructured":"Schmidt MH, Lay B, Gopel C, Naab S, Blanz B: Home treatment for children and adolescents with psychiatric disorders. Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 2006 Aug, 15 (5): 265-276. 10.1007\/s00787-006-0531-x.","journal-title":"Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry"},{"key":"182_CR3","volume-title":"Setting WHO directions","author":"WHO","year":"2003","unstructured":"WHO: Caring for children and adolescents with mental disorders. Setting WHO directions. 2003, World Health Organization, Geneva"},{"issue":"2","key":"182_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.1037\/a0017784","volume":"65","author":"AE Kazak","year":"2010","unstructured":"Kazak AE, Hoagwood K, Weisz JR, Hood K, Kratochwill TR, Vargas LA, et al: A meta-systems approach to evidence-based practice for children and adolescents. Am Psychol. 2010, 65 (2): 85-97.","journal-title":"Am Psychol"},{"key":"182_CR5","volume-title":"Health systems: Improving performance","author":"WHO","year":"2000","unstructured":"WHO: The World Health Report 2000. Health systems: Improving performance. 2000, The World Health Organization, Geneva"},{"key":"182_CR6","volume-title":"United Republic of Tanzania","author":"WHO","year":"2005","unstructured":"WHO: Mental Health Atlas 2005. United Republic of Tanzania. 2005, World Health Organization, Geneva"},{"issue":"2","key":"182_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"105","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nedt.2003.10.001","volume":"24","author":"UH Graneheim","year":"2004","unstructured":"Graneheim UH, Lundman B: Qualitative content analysis in nursing research: Concepts, procedures and measures to achieve trustworthiness. Nurse Educ Today. 2004, 24 (2): 105-112. 10.1016\/j.nedt.2003.10.001.","journal-title":"Nurse Educ Today"},{"issue":"2","key":"182_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"119","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ap.32.2.119","volume":"32","author":"J Riebschleger","year":"2008","unstructured":"Riebschleger J, Scheid J, Luz C, Mickus M, Liszewski C, Eaton M: How are the experiences and needs of families of individuals with mental illness reflected in medical education guidelines?. Acad Psychiatry. 2008, 32 (2): 119-126. 10.1176\/appi.ap.32.2.119.","journal-title":"Acad Psychiatry"},{"issue":"2","key":"182_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"86","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1744-6171.2009.00177.x","volume":"22","author":"K Scharer","year":"2009","unstructured":"Scharer K, Colon E, Moneyham L, Hussey J, Tavakoli A, Shugart M: A comparison of two types of social support for mothers of mentally ill children. J Child Adolesc Psychiatr Nurs. 2009, 22 (2): 86-98. 10.1111\/j.1744-6171.2009.00177.x.","journal-title":"J Child Adolesc Psychiatr Nurs"},{"issue":"4\u20135","key":"182_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"231","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2788.2003.00485.x","volume":"47","author":"RP Hastings","year":"2003","unstructured":"Hastings RP: Child behaviour problems and partner mental health as correlates of stress in mothers and fathers of children with autism. J Intellect Disabil Res. 2003, 47 (4\u20135): 231-237.","journal-title":"J Intellect Disabil Res"},{"issue":"4\u20135","key":"182_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"264","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2788.2003.00488.x","volume":"47","author":"I Duvdevany","year":"2003","unstructured":"Duvdevany I, Abboud S: Stress, social support and well-being of Arab mothers of children with intellectual disability who are served by welfare services in northern Israel. J Intellect Disabil Res. 2003, 47 (4\u20135): 264-272.","journal-title":"J Intellect Disabil Res"},{"issue":"Pt 4\u20135)","key":"182_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"238","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2788.2003.00486.x","volume":"47","author":"AM Hudson","year":"2003","unstructured":"Hudson AM, Matthews JM, Gavidia-Payne ST, Cameron CA, Mildon RL, Radler GA, et al: Evaluation of an intervention system for parents of children with intellectual disability and challenging behaviour. J Intellect Disabil Res. 2003, 47 (Pt 4\u20135)): 238-249.","journal-title":"J Intellect Disabil Res"},{"issue":"1","key":"182_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1097\/00005721-200601000-00009","volume":"31","author":"L Little","year":"2006","unstructured":"Little L, Clark RR: Wonders and worries of parenting a child with Asperger syndrome & nonverbal learning disorder. MCN American Journal of Maternal Child Nursing. 2006, 31 (1): 39-44. 10.1097\/00005721-200601000-00009.","journal-title":"MCN American Journal of Maternal Child Nursing"},{"issue":"7","key":"182_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"644","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2788.2009.01163.x","volume":"53","author":"G Wodehouse","year":"2009","unstructured":"Wodehouse G, McGill P: Support for family carers of children and young people with developmental disabilities and challenging behaviour: what stops it being helpful?. J Intellect Disabil Res. 2009 Jul, 53 (7): 644-653. 10.1111\/j.1365-2788.2009.01163.x.","journal-title":"J Intellect Disabil Res"},{"issue":"2","key":"182_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.1007\/s11920-002-0041-6","volume":"4","author":"GA Fabiano","year":"2002","unstructured":"Fabiano GA, Pelham WE: Evidence-based treatment for mental disorders in children and adolescents. Curr Psychiatry Rep. 2002 Apr, 4 (2): 93-100. 10.1007\/s11920-002-0041-6.","journal-title":"Curr Psychiatry Rep"},{"issue":"5","key":"182_CR16","first-page":"280","volume":"34","author":"AP Turnbull","year":"1996","unstructured":"Turnbull AP, Ruef M: Family perspectives on problem behavior. Ment Retard. 1996 Oct, 34 (5): 280-293.","journal-title":"Ment Retard"},{"issue":"7","key":"182_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"714","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-7610.2005.01456.x","volume":"46","author":"SP Hinshaw","year":"2005","unstructured":"Hinshaw SP: The stigmatization of mental illness in children and parents: developmental issues, family concerns, and research needs. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry. 2005 Jul, 46 (7): 714-734. 10.1111\/j.1469-7610.2005.01456.x.","journal-title":"Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry"},{"issue":"2","key":"182_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ap.32.2.87","volume":"32","author":"JE Larson","year":"2008","unstructured":"Larson JE, Corrigan P: The stigma of families with mental illness. Acad Psychiatry. 2008, 32 (2): 87-91. 10.1176\/appi.ap.32.2.87.","journal-title":"Acad Psychiatry"},{"key":"182_CR19","volume-title":"Ministry of Community Development WAaC, ed.: Government of the United Republic of Tanzania","author":"Government","year":"1996","unstructured":"Government: Child Development Policy. Ministry of Community Development WAaC, ed.: Government of the United Republic of Tanzania. 1996"},{"key":"182_CR20","volume-title":"Unity OoA, ed","author":"OAU","year":"1990","unstructured":"OAU: African Charter on the Rights and Welfare of the Child. Unity OoA, ed. 1990"},{"key":"182_CR21","volume-title":"High Commissioner for Human Rights","author":"UN","year":"2006","unstructured":"UN: Universal Declaration of Human Rights United Nations. High Commissioner for Human Rights. Edited by: Nations U. 2006"},{"issue":"4\u20135","key":"182_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"385","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2788.2003.00498.x","volume":"47","author":"E Emerson","year":"2003","unstructured":"Emerson E: Mothers of children and adolescents with intellectual disability: social and economic situation, mental health status, and the self-assessed social and psychological impact of the child's difficulties. J Intellect Disabil Res. 2003, 47 (4\u20135): 385-399.","journal-title":"J Intellect Disabil Res"},{"issue":"6","key":"182_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"381","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1447-0349.2007.00493.x","volume":"16","author":"D Wynaden","year":"2007","unstructured":"Wynaden D: The experience of caring for a person with a mental illness: A grounded theory study. Int J Ment Health Nurs. 2007, 16 (6): 381-389. 10.1111\/j.1447-0349.2007.00493.x.","journal-title":"Int J Ment Health Nurs"},{"issue":"4","key":"182_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"206","DOI":"10.4314\/eamj.v79i4.8880","volume":"79","author":"Z Nyati","year":"2002","unstructured":"Nyati Z, Sebit MB: Burden of mental illness on family members, caregivers and the community. East Afr Med J. 2002, 79 (4): 206-209.","journal-title":"East Afr Med J"},{"key":"182_CR25","unstructured":"Intellectualdisability: Family Issues. 2003 [cited 2009 12\/05]; Available from:, [\n                    http:\/\/www.intellectualdisability.info\/families\/P_family_issues_rj.html\n                    \n                  ]"}],"container-title":["Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Mental Health"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/1753-2000-6-16.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/1753-2000-6-16\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/1753-2000-6-16.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,1,23]],"date-time":"2019-01-23T14:08:59Z","timestamp":1548252539000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/capmh.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/1753-2000-6-16"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2012,7,5]]},"references-count":25,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,12]]}},"alternative-id":["182"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/1753-2000-6-16","relation":{},"ISSN":["1753-2000"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1753-2000","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2012,7,5]]},"article-number":"16"}}