{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,17]],"date-time":"2026-06-17T18:17:59Z","timestamp":1781720279104,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BMC Res Notes"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>The negative impact of synthetic molluscicides on the environment and their high cost necessitated search for an alternative approach of using plant extracts for the control of schistosomiasis. The objective of this study was, therefore, to evaluate aqueous and ethyl acetate crude extracts of <jats:italic>Glinus lotoides<\/jats:italic> fruits for their cercariacidal activity and molluscicidal effect against schistosome snail intermediate hosts.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>Assessment of the molluscicidal activity against <jats:italic>Biomphalaria pfeifferi<\/jats:italic> was made by immersion method in accordance with WHO guideline. The results of mortality were statistically analyzed using probit analysis. The attenuating effect of the plant on <jats:italic>Schistosoma mansoni<\/jats:italic> cercariae was determined using establishment of adult worms as a parasitological parameter post exposure.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>The 24 and 48\u2009hour-LC<jats:sub>50<\/jats:sub> values for the aqueous extract of <jats:italic>G. lotoides<\/jats:italic> fruits were 47.1 and 44.1\u2009mg\/L, respectively, whereas that of ethyl acetate were 66.1 and 59.6\u2009mg\/L, respectively. The 24 and 48\u2009hour LC<jats:sub>90<\/jats:sub> values for the aqueous extract of <jats:italic>G. lotoides<\/jats:italic> fruits were 56.96 and 51.0\u2009mg\/L, respectively, while that of ethyl acetate were 77.2 and 70.0\u2009mg\/L, respectively. The <jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic> cercariacidal activity was determined after 2\u2009hrs of exposure to the aqueous plant extract. It was found out that the LC<jats:sub>50<\/jats:sub> and LC<jats:sub>90<\/jats:sub> values were 18.7 and 41.7\u2009mg\/L, respectively. Besides, infectivity of <jats:italic>Schistosoma mansoni<\/jats:italic> cercariae to mice was determined by exposing mice to cercariae pre-treated with the sub-lethal concentrations (3.7, 11.6 and 18.7\u2009mg\/L) of the aqueous extract. A significant reduction in worm burden in mice was obtained at 11.6\u2009mg\/L (p\u2009&lt;\u20090.05). Moreover, the reduction in number of worms recovered was highly significant at 18.7\u2009mg\/L (p\u2009&lt;\u20090.001).<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>The results showed that <jats:italic>G. lotoides<\/jats:italic> has molluscicidal activity against <jats:italic>B. pfeifferi<\/jats:italic> snails and cercariacidal activity against <jats:italic>S. mansoni<\/jats:italic>. Yet, further comprehensive evaluation is recommended for the possible use of <jats:italic>G. lotoides<\/jats:italic> against <jats:italic>B. pfeifferi<\/jats:italic> and the schistosome parasite.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/1756-0500-7-220","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,4,8]],"date-time":"2014-04-08T23:02:27Z","timestamp":1396998147000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":34,"title":["Laboratory assessment of molluscicidal and cercariacidal effects of Glinus lotoides fruits"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"7","author":[{"given":"Gebrehiwot","family":"Kiros","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Berhanu","family":"Erko","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mirutse","family":"Giday","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yalemtsehay","family":"Mekonnen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,4,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"2735_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"956","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.2005.73.956","volume":"73","author":"J Naples","year":"2005","unstructured":"Naples J, Shiff C, Halden R: Reduction of infectivity of schistosome cercariae by application of cercariacidal oil to water. 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