{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,27]],"date-time":"2025-10-27T15:57:09Z","timestamp":1761580629906},"reference-count":15,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Parasites Vectors"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2008,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:p>The majority of filarial nematodes harbour <jats:italic>Wolbachia<\/jats:italic> endobacteria, including the major pathogenic species in humans, <jats:italic>Onchocerca volvulus<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>Brugia malayi<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>Wuchereria bancrofti<\/jats:italic>. These obligate endosymbionts have never been demonstrated unequivocally in any non-filariid nematode. However, a recent report described the detection by PCR of <jats:italic>Wolbachia<\/jats:italic> in the metastrongylid nematode, <jats:italic>Angiostrongylus cantonensis<\/jats:italic> (rat lungworm), a leading cause of eosinophilic meningitis in humans. To address the intriguing possibility of <jats:italic>Wolbachia<\/jats:italic> infection in nematode species distinct from the Family Onchocercidae, we used both PCR and immunohistochemistry to screen samples of <jats:italic>A. cantonensis<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>A. costaricensis<\/jats:italic> for the presence of this endosymbiont. We were unable to detect <jats:italic>Wolbachia<\/jats:italic> in either species using these methodologies. In addition, bioinformatic and phylogenetic analyses of the <jats:italic>Wolbachia<\/jats:italic> gene sequences reported previously from <jats:italic>A. cantonensis<\/jats:italic> indicate that they most likely result from contamination with DNA from arthropods and filarial nematodes. This study demonstrates the need for caution in relying solely on PCR for identification of new endosymbiont strains from invertebrate DNA samples.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1186\/1756-3305-1-31","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,9,18]],"date-time":"2008-09-18T18:13:49Z","timestamp":1221761629000},"update-policy":"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Absence of Wolbachia endobacteria in the non-filariid nematodes Angiostrongylus cantonensis and A. costaricensis"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"1","author":[{"given":"Jeremy M","family":"Foster","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sanjay","family":"Kumar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Louise","family":"Ford","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kelly L","family":"Johnston","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Renata","family":"Ben","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Carlos","family":"Graeff-Teixeira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mark J","family":"Taylor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2008,9,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"31_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.1007\/s00284-007-0055-8","volume":"55","author":"L Baldo","year":"2007","unstructured":"Baldo L, Werren JH: Revisiting Wolbachia supergroup typing based on WSP: spurious lineages and discordance with MLST. 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