{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,30]],"date-time":"2022-03-30T04:48:27Z","timestamp":1648615707847},"reference-count":9,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Parasites Vectors"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>Clinical manifestation due to infection by <jats:italic>Toxoplasma gondii<\/jats:italic> is closely linked to the infecting strain of the parasite. Several genetic markers are available to determinate its genotype but few of them are able to discriminate between the three predominant lineages, namely types I, II and III. The number of markers decreases when atypical, recombinant\/mixed genotypes need to be identified.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Findings<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>In our study, the contribution of sequence polymorphisms in the AK69 gene as typing markers for <jats:italic>T. gondii<\/jats:italic> was investigated for the first time in an epidemiological study. The coding region of the marker was amplified, sequenced and aligned for different <jats:italic>Toxoplasma<\/jats:italic> strains. The identified nucleotide polymorphism at 12 positions was able to highly discriminate between the different congenital toxoplasmosis Tunisian strains. Moreover the high detection sensitivity level of the marker enabled unambiguous identification of mixed\/recombinant genotypes directly.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>It can be, thus, very useful for direct typing in areas where such genotypes are frequently encountered, mainly in the African continent.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/1756-3305-4-167","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,8,26]],"date-time":"2011-08-26T18:25:08Z","timestamp":1314383108000},"update-policy":"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Tunisian Toxoplasma gondii strains genotyping by the use of AK69 marker"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"4","author":[{"given":"Sonia","family":"Boughattas","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rym","family":"Ben-Abdallah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Emna","family":"Siala","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Imen","family":"Ben-Abda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Olfa","family":"Souissi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Karim","family":"Aoun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Aida","family":"Bouratbine","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2011,8,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"411_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"112","DOI":"10.1186\/1756-3305-3-112","volume":"3","author":"P Webster Joanne","year":"2010","unstructured":"Webster Joanne P: Review of \"Toxoplasmosis of Animals and Humans (Second Edition)\" by J.P. Dubey. Parasites & Vectors. 2010, 3: 112-10.1186\/1756-3305-3-112.","journal-title":"Parasites & Vectors"},{"key":"411_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1561","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/172.6.1561","volume":"172","author":"DK Howe","year":"1995","unstructured":"Howe DK, Sibley LD: Toxoplasma gondii comprises three clonal lineages: correlation of parasite genotype with human disease. J Infect Dis. 1995, 172: 1561-1566. 10.1093\/infdis\/172.6.1561.","journal-title":"J Infect Dis"},{"key":"411_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1041","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.2010.09-0691","volume":"82","author":"S Boughattas","year":"2010","unstructured":"Boughattas S, Ben-Abdallah R, Siala E, Souissi O, Aoun K, Bouratbine A: Direct genotypic characterization of Toxoplasma gondii strains associated with congenital toxoplasmosis in Tunisia (North Africa). 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J Clin Microbiol l. 2005, 43: 1940-1943. 10.1128\/JCM.43.4.1940-1943.2005.","journal-title":"J Clin Microbiol l"},{"key":"411_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2980","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gki604","volume":"33","author":"A Khan","year":"2005","unstructured":"Khan A, Taylor S, Su C, Mackey AJ, Boyle J, Cole R, Glover D, Tang K, Paulsen IT, Berriman M, Boothroyd JC, Pfefferkorn ER, Dubey JP, Ajioka JW, Roos DS, Wootton JC, Sibley LD: Composite genome map and recombination parameters derived from three archetypal lineages of Toxoplasma gondii. Nucleic Acids Res. 2005, 33: 2980-2982. 10.1093\/nar\/gki604.","journal-title":"Nucleic Acids Res"},{"key":"411_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"531","DOI":"10.1017\/S0031182000054792","volume":"88","author":"AW Cornelissen","year":"1984","unstructured":"Cornelissen AW, Overdulve JP, van der Ploeg M: Determination of nuclear DNA of five eucoccidian parasites, Isospora (Toxoplasma) gondii, Sarcocystis cruzi, Eimeria tenella, E. acervulina and Plasmodium berghei, with special reference to gamontogenesis and meiosis in I. (T.) gondii. Parasitology. 1984, 88: 531-553. 10.1017\/S0031182000054792.","journal-title":"Parasitology"},{"key":"411_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"34245","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M504158200","volume":"280","author":"PJ Bradley","year":"2005","unstructured":"Bradley PJ, Ward C, Cheng SJ, Alexander DL, Coller S, Coombs GH, Dunn JD, Ferguson DJ, Sanderson SJ, Wastling JM, Boothroyd JC: Proteomic analysis of rhoptry organelles reveals many novel constituents for host-parasite interactions in Toxoplasma gondii. J Biol Chem. 2005, 280: 34245-34258. 10.1074\/jbc.M504158200.","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"411_CR9","first-page":"632","volume":"2008","author":"H Dlugonska","year":"2008","unstructured":"Dlugonska H: Toxoplasma rhoptries: unique secretory organelles and source of promising vaccine proteins for immunoprevention of toxoplasmosis. 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