{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,11]],"date-time":"2026-11-11T03:53:31Z","timestamp":1794369211951,"version":"4.9.0"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Parasites Vectors"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>During a two year period, a 27-year-old female veterinarian experienced migraine headaches, seizures, including status epilepticus, and other neurological and neurocognitive abnormalities. Prior to and during her illness, she had been actively involved in hospital-based work treating domestic animals, primarily cats and dogs, in Grenada and Ireland and anatomical research requiring the dissection of wild animals (including lions, giraffe, rabbits, mongoose, and other animals), mostly in South Africa. The woman reported contact with fleas, ticks, lice, biting flies, mosquitoes, spiders and mites and had also been scratched or bitten by dogs, cats, birds, horses, reptiles, rabbits and rodents. Prior diagnostic testing resulted in findings that were inconclusive or within normal reference ranges and no etiological diagnosis had been obtained to explain the patient\u2019s symptoms.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      PCR assays targeting\n                      <jats:italic>Anaplasma<\/jats:italic>\n                      spp.\n                      <jats:italic>Bartonella<\/jats:italic>\n                      spp. and hemotopic\n                      <jats:italic>Mycoplasma<\/jats:italic>\n                      spp. were used to test patient blood samples. PCR positive amplicons were sequenced directly and compared to GenBank sequences. In addition,\n                      <jats:italic>Bartonella<\/jats:italic>\n                      alpha Proteobacteria growth medium (BAPGM) enrichment blood culture was used to facilitate bacterial growth and\n                      <jats:italic>Bartonella<\/jats:italic>\n                      spp. serology was performed by indirect fluorescent antibody testing.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      <jats:italic>Anaplasma platys, Bartonella henselae<\/jats:italic>\n                      and\n                      <jats:italic>Candidatus<\/jats:italic>\n                      Mycoplasma haematoparvum DNA was amplified and sequenced from the woman\u2019s blood, serum or blood culture samples. Her serum was variably seroreactive to several\n                      <jats:italic>Bartonella<\/jats:italic>\n                      sp. antigens. Despite symptomatic improvement, six months of doxycycline most likely failed to eliminate the\n                      <jats:italic>B. henselae<\/jats:italic>\n                      infection, whereas\n                      <jats:italic>A. platys<\/jats:italic>\n                      and\n                      <jats:italic>Candidatus<\/jats:italic>\n                      M. haematoparvum DNA was no longer amplified from post-treatment samples.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      As is typical of many veterinary professionals, this individual had frequent exposure to arthropod vectors and near daily contact with persistently bacteremic reservoir hosts, including cats, the primary reservoir host for\n                      <jats:italic>B. henselae,<\/jats:italic>\n                      and dogs, the presumed primary reservoir host for\n                      <jats:italic>A. platys<\/jats:italic>\n                      and\n                      <jats:italic>Candidatus<\/jats:italic>\n                      Mycoplasma haematoparvum. Physicians caring for veterinarians should be aware of the occupational zoonotic risks associated with the daily activities of these animal health professionals.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/1756-3305-6-103","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,4,15]],"date-time":"2013-04-15T04:14:19Z","timestamp":1365999259000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":213,"title":["Co-infection with Anaplasma platys, Bartonella henselae and Candidatus Mycoplasma haematoparvum in a veterinarian"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"6","author":[{"given":"Ricardo G","family":"Maggi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Patricia E","family":"Mascarelli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lauren N","family":"Havenga","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vinny","family":"Naidoo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Edward B","family":"Breitschwerdt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,4,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"900_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"983","DOI":"10.1098\/rstb.2001.0888","volume":"356","author":"LH Taylor","year":"2001","unstructured":"Taylor LH, Latham SM, Woolhouse ME: Risk factors for human disease emergence. 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