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Recently, the genome of <jats:italic>C. concisus<\/jats:italic> UNSWCD, isolated from a patient with Crohn's disease, was sequenced.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>In this study, comparative analyses were performed between strain UNSWCD and BAA-1457, isolated from a patient with acute gastroenteritis. Searches between <jats:italic>C. concisus<\/jats:italic> UNSWCD and BAA-1457 showed that 76% of genes were homologues, whereas those between <jats:italic>C. jejuni<\/jats:italic> strains showed 90-91% to be homologues, indicating substantial variation exists within these two <jats:italic>C. concisus<\/jats:italic> genomes. More specific bidirectional homology searches identified 1593 genes that are shared between these strains, and 115 and 281 genes unique to UNSWCD and BAA-1457, respectively. Significantly, differences in the type of flagellin glycosylation pathways between the two strains were identified and confirmed by PCR. The protein profiles of UNSWCD, BAA-1457 and a further six strains of <jats:italic>C. concisus<\/jats:italic> were compared and analyzed bioinformatically, and this differentiated the strains into four clades. BAA-1457 was found to be highly divergent (average similarity: 56.8%) from the other seven strains (mean average similarity \u00b1 standard deviation: 64.7 \u00b1 1.7%). Furthermore, searches for homologues of the 1593 proteins found to be common between UNSWCD and BAA-1457 were conducted against all available bacterial genomes, and 18 proteins were found to be unique to <jats:italic>C. concisus<\/jats:italic>, of which 6 were predicted to be secreted, and may represent good markers for detection of this species.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>This study has elucidated several features that may be responsible for the heterogeneity that exists among <jats:italic>C. concisus<\/jats:italic> strains, and has determined that the strain BAA-1457 is genetically atypical to other <jats:italic>C. concisus<\/jats:italic> strains and is not a good candidate reference strain.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/1757-4749-3-15","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,10,13]],"date-time":"2011-10-13T06:17:46Z","timestamp":1318486666000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":20,"title":["Comparative analyses of Campylobacter concisus strains reveal the genome of the reference strain BAA-1457 is not representative of the species"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"3","author":[{"given":"Nadeem O","family":"Kaakoush","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nandan P","family":"Deshpande","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marc R","family":"Wilkins","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mark J","family":"Raftery","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Karolina","family":"Janitz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hazel","family":"Mitchell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2011,10,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"51_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1147","DOI":"10.1007\/0-387-29298-5_282","volume-title":"Bergey's Manual of Systematic Bacteriology","author":"P Vandamme","year":"2005","unstructured":"Vandamme P, Dewhirst FE, Paster BJ, On SLW: Campylobacter. 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