{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,8]],"date-time":"2026-10-08T13:02:51Z","timestamp":1791464571546,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Gut Pathog"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The role of the gut microbiome in human health and disease with a particular emphasis on therapeutic use of probiotics under specific medical conditions was mainly highlighted in 1st Annual conference of Probiotic Association of India (PAi) and International Symposium on \u201cProbiotics for Human Health - New Innovations and Emerging Trends\u201d held on 27th-28th August, 2012 at New Delhi, India. There is increasing recognition of the fact that dysbiosis or alteration of this gut microbiome may be implicated in gastro-intestinal disorders including diarrheal diseases, ulcerative colitis, inflammatory bowel diseases, life style diseases viz. Diabetes Mellitus-2 and obesity etc. This report summarizes the proceedings of the conference and the symposium comprehensively. Although, research on probiotics has been continuing for the past few decades, the subject has been currently the major focus of attention across the world due to recent advances and new developments in genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, metabolomics and emergence of new generation of high through put sequencing technologies that have immensely helped in understanding the probiotic functionality and mode of action from nutritional and health perspectives. There is now sufficient evidence backed up with good quality scientific clinical data to suggest that probiotic interventions could indeed be effective in various types of diarrheal diseases, other chronic gastrointestinal inflammatory disorders like pouchitis, necrotizing entero-colitis, allergic responses and lactose intolerance etc. This report makes a modest attempt to give all the stake holders involved in development of probiotic based functional\/health foods an overview of the current status of probiotics research at the Global and National level. The most crucial issues that emerged from the lead talks delivered by the eminent speakers from India and abroad were the major focus of discussions in different plenary and technical sessions. By discussing some of these issues from scientific perspectives, the conference could achieve its prime objective of disseminating the current knowledge on the prospects of probiotics as potential biotherapeutics in the management of human health and diseases.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1186\/1757-4749-4-15","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,11,26]],"date-time":"2012-11-26T06:14:27Z","timestamp":1353910467000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":68,"title":["Probiotics for human health \u2013new innovations and emerging trends"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"4","author":[{"given":"Sunita","family":"Grover","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hogarehalli Mallapa","family":"Rashmi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anil Kumar","family":"Srivastava","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Virender Kumar","family":"Batish","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2012,11,26]]},"reference":[{"issue":"16","key":"75_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4282","DOI":"10.1128\/JB.05449-11","volume":"193","author":"JB Prajapati","year":"2011","unstructured":"Prajapati JB, Khedkar CD, Chitra J, Suja S, Mishra V, Sreeja V, Patel RK, Ahir VB, Bhatt VD, Sajnani MR, Sajnani MR, Jakhesara SJ, Koringa PG, Joshi CG: Whole-genome shotgun sequencing of an Indian-origin Lactobacillus helveticus strain, MTCC 5463, with probiotic potential. J Bacteriol. 2011, 193 (16): 4282-4283.","journal-title":"J Bacteriol"},{"issue":"5","key":"75_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"399","DOI":"10.1016\/j.resmic.2010.03.012","volume":"161","author":"RK Duary","year":"2010","unstructured":"Duary RK, Batish VK, Grover S: Expression of the atpD gene in probiotic Lactobacillus plantarum strains under in vitro acidic conditions using RT-qPCR. Res Microbiol. 2010, 161 (5): 399-405.","journal-title":"Res Microbiol"},{"issue":"3","key":"75_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2541","DOI":"10.1007\/s11033-011-1006-9","volume":"39","author":"RK Duary","year":"2012","unstructured":"Duary RK, Batish V, Grover S: Relative gene expression of bile salt hydrolase and surface proteins in two putative indigenous Lactobacillus plantarum strains under in vitro gut conditions. Mol Biol Rep. 2012, 39 (3): 2541-2552.","journal-title":"Mol Biol Rep"},{"issue":"4","key":"75_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4765","DOI":"10.1007\/s11033-011-1269-1","volume":"39","author":"RK Duary","year":"2012","unstructured":"Duary RK, Bhausaheb MA, Batish VK, Grover S: Anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory efficacy of indigenous probiotic Lactobacillus plantarum Lp91 in colitis mouse model. Mol Biol Rep. 2012, 39 (4): 4765-4775.","journal-title":"Mol Biol Rep"},{"key":"75_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"664","DOI":"10.4103\/0971-5916.90992","volume":"134","author":"RK Duary","year":"2011","unstructured":"Duary RK, Rajput YS, Batish VK, Grover S: Assessing the adhesion of putative indigenous probiotic lactobacilli to human colonic epithelial cells. Indian J Med Res. 2011, 134: 664-671.","journal-title":"Indian J Med Res"},{"issue":"1","key":"75_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"152","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2180-11-152","volume":"11","author":"H Kumar","year":"2011","unstructured":"Kumar H, Rangrez A, Dayananda K, Atre A, Patole M, Shouche Y: Lactobacillus plantarum (VR1) isolated from an Ayurvedic medicine (Kutajarista) ameliorates in vitro cellular damage caused by Aeromonas veronii. BMC Microbiol. 2011, 11 (1): 152.","journal-title":"BMC Microbiol"},{"issue":"2","key":"75_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S53","DOI":"10.1086\/523342","volume":"46","author":"FA Hoffman","year":"2008","unstructured":"Hoffman FA, Heimbach JT, Sanders ME, Hibberd PL: Executive summary: scientific and regulatory challenges of development of probiotics as foods and drugs. Clin Infect Dis. 2008, 46 (2): S53-S57.","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"issue":"1","key":"75_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1186\/1757-4749-1-19","volume":"1","author":"E Culligan","year":"2009","unstructured":"Culligan E, Hill C, Sleator R: Probiotics and gastrointestinal disease: successes, problems and future prospects. Gut Pathog. 2009, 1 (1): 19.","journal-title":"Gut Pathog"},{"issue":"10","key":"75_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"565","DOI":"10.1038\/nrgastro.2012.144","volume":"9","author":"S Rautava","year":"2012","unstructured":"Rautava S, Luoto R, Salminen S, Isolauri E: Microbial contact during pregnancy, intestinal colonization and human disease. Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2012, 9 (10): 565-576.","journal-title":"Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"issue":"3","key":"75_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"544","DOI":"10.3945\/ajcn.112.037382","volume":"96","author":"R Cabrera-Rubio","year":"2012","unstructured":"Cabrera-Rubio R, Collado MC, Laitinen K, Salminen S, Isolauri E, Mira A: The human milk microbiome changes over lactation and is shaped by maternal weight and mode of delivery. Am J Clin Nutr. 2012, 96 (3): 544-551.","journal-title":"Am J Clin Nutr"},{"key":"75_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"247","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-food-022811-101206","volume":"3","author":"H van Loveren","year":"2012","unstructured":"van Loveren H, Sanz Y, Salminen S: Health claims in Europe: probiotics and prebiotics as case examples. Annu Rev Food Sci Technol. 2012, 3: 247-261.","journal-title":"Annu Rev Food Sci Technol"},{"issue":"7415","key":"75_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"220","DOI":"10.1038\/nature11550","volume":"489","author":"CA Lozupone","year":"2012","unstructured":"Lozupone CA, Stombaugh JI, Gordon JI, Jansson JK, Knight R: Diversity, stability and resilience of the human gut microbiota. Nat. 2012, 489 (7415): 220-230.","journal-title":"Nat"},{"key":"75_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1155\/2012\/872716","volume":"2012","author":"U Vyas","year":"2012","unstructured":"Vyas U, Ranganathan N: Probiotics, prebiotics and synbiotics: Gut and beyond. Gastroenterol Res Pract. 2012, 2012: 1-16.","journal-title":"Gastroenterol Res Pract"},{"issue":"6015","key":"75_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"337","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1198469","volume":"331","author":"K Atarashi","year":"2011","unstructured":"Atarashi K, Tanoue T, Shima T, Imaoka A, Kuwahara T, Momose Y, Cheng G, Yamasaki S, Saito T, Ohba Y, Taniguchi T, Takeda K, Hori S, Ivanov II, Umesaki Y, Itoh K, Honda K: Induction of colonic regulatory T cells by indigenous Clostridium Species. Sci. 2011, 331 (6015): 337-341.","journal-title":"Sci"},{"key":"75_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"275","DOI":"10.1038\/ncpgasthep0471","volume":"3","author":"F Guarner","year":"2006","unstructured":"Guarner F, Bourdet-Sicard R, Brandtzaeg P, Gill HS, McGuirk P, van Eden W, Versalovic J, Weinstock JV, Rook GA: Mechanisms of disease: the hygiene hypothesis revisited. Nat Clin Pract Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2006, 3: 275-284.","journal-title":"Nat Clin Pract Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"issue":"6052","key":"75_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"105","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1208344","volume":"334","author":"GD Wu","year":"2011","unstructured":"Wu GD, Chen J, Hoffmann C, Bittinger K, Chen YY, Keilbaugh SA, Bewtra M, Knights D, Walters WA, Knight R, Sinha R, Gilroy E, Gupta K, Baldassano R, Nessel L, Li H, Bushman FD, Lewis JD: Linking long-term dietary patterns with gut microbial enterotypes. Sci. 2011, 334 (6052): 105-108.","journal-title":"Sci"},{"issue":"106","key":"75_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"106","DOI":"10.1126\/scitranslmed.3002701","volume":"3","author":"NP McNulty","year":"2011","unstructured":"McNulty NP, Yatsunenko T, Hsiao A, Faith JJ, Muegge BD, Goodman AL, Henrissat B, Oozeer R, Cools-Portier S, Gobert G, Chervaux C, Knights D, Lozupone CA, Knight R, Duncan AE, Bain JR, Muehlbauer MJ, Newgard C, Heath AC, Gordon JI: The impact of a consortium of fermented milk strains on the gut microbiome of gnotobiotic mice and monozygotic twins. Sci Transl Med. 2011, 3 (106): 106.","journal-title":"Sci Transl Med"},{"issue":"2","key":"75_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e9085","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0009085","volume":"5","author":"N Larsen","year":"2010","unstructured":"Larsen N, Vogensen FK, van den Berg FWJ, Nielsen DS, Andreasen AS, Pedersen BK, Al-Soud WA, S\u00f8rensen SJ, Hansen LH, Jakobsen M: Gut microbiota in human adults with type 2 diabetes differs from non-diabetic adults. PLoS One. 2010, 5 (2): e9085.","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"1","key":"75_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1186\/1757-4749-3-7","volume":"3","author":"S Gupta","year":"2011","unstructured":"Gupta S, Mohammed M, Ghosh T, Kanungo S, Nair G, Mande S: Metagenome of the gut of a malnourished child. Gut Pathog. 2011, 3 (1): 7.","journal-title":"Gut Pathog"},{"issue":"6","key":"75_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2000S","DOI":"10.3945\/ajcn.110.001172","volume":"94","author":"Y Sanz","year":"2011","unstructured":"Sanz Y: Gut microbiota and probiotics in maternal and infant health. Am J Clin Nutr. 2011, 94 (6): 2000S-2005S.","journal-title":"Am J Clin Nutr"},{"issue":"4","key":"75_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e34938","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0034938","volume":"7","author":"ML Ritchie","year":"2012","unstructured":"Ritchie ML, Romanuk TN: A meta-analysis of probiotic efficacy for gastrointestinal diseases. PLoS One. 2012, 7 (4): e34938.","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"06","key":"75_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"919","DOI":"10.1017\/S0950268810001780","volume":"139","author":"D Sur","year":"2011","unstructured":"Sur D, Manna B, Niyogi SK, Ramamurthy T, Palit A, Nomoto K, Takahashi T, Shima T, Tsuji H, Kurakawa T, Takeda Y, Nair GB, Bhattacharya SK: Role of probiotic in preventing acute diarrhoea in children: a community-based, randomized, double-blind placebo-controlled field trial in an urban slum. Epidemiol Infect. 2011, 139 (06): 919-926.","journal-title":"Epidemiol Infect"},{"issue":"3","key":"75_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"350","DOI":"10.1097\/00000658-199609000-00011","volume":"224","author":"JL Grosfeld","year":"1996","unstructured":"Grosfeld JL, Chaedt M, Molinari F: Increased risk of necrotizing enterocolitis in premature infants with patent ductus arteriosus treated with indomethacin. Ann Surg. 1996, 224 (3): 350-357.","journal-title":"Ann Surg"},{"issue":"1","key":"75_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2004-1463","volume":"115","author":"HC Lin","year":"2005","unstructured":"Lin HC, Su BH, Chen AC, Lin TW, Tsai CH, YehTF OW: Oral probiotics reduce the incidence and severity of necrotizing enterocolitis in very low birth weight infants. Paediatr. 2005, 115 (1): 1-4.","journal-title":"Paediatr"},{"issue":"5","key":"75_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"921","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2009-1301","volume":"125","author":"G Deshpande","year":"2010","unstructured":"Deshpande G, Rao S, Patole S, Bulsara M: Updated meta-analysis of probiotics for preventing necrotizing enterocolitis in preterm neonates. Paediatr. 2010, 125 (5): 921-930.","journal-title":"Paediatr"},{"key":"75_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"220","DOI":"10.1038\/ismej.2010.118","volume":"5","author":"AW Walker","year":"2011","unstructured":"Walker AW, Ince J, Duncan SH, Webster LM, Holtrop G, Ze X: Dominant and diet-responsive groups of bacteria within the human colonic microbiota. ISME J. 2011, 5: 220-230.","journal-title":"ISME J"},{"issue":"18","key":"75_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7617","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0700440104","volume":"104","author":"SC Corr","year":"2007","unstructured":"Corr SC, Li Y, Riedel CU, O\u2019Toole PW, Hill C, Gahan CGM: Bacteriocin production as a mechanism for the antiinfective activity of Lactobacillus salivarius UCC118. Proc Natl Acad Sci. 2007, 104 (18): 7617-7621.","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci"},{"issue":"20","key":"75_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9352","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0913554107","volume":"107","author":"MC Rea","year":"2010","unstructured":"Rea MC, Sit CS, Clayton E, O\u2019Connor PM, Whittal RM, Zheng J, Vederas JC, Ross RP, Hill C: Thuricin CD, a posttranslationally modified bacteriocin with a narrow spectrum of activity against Clostridium difficile. Proc Natl Acad Sci. 2010, 107 (20): 9352-9357.","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci"},{"issue":"1","key":"75_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"123","DOI":"10.1007\/s10096-009-0818-1","volume":"29","author":"KB Garg","year":"2010","unstructured":"Garg KB, Ganguli I, Kriplani A, Lohiya NK, Thulkar J, Talwar GP: Metabolic properties of lactobacilli in women experiencing recurring episodes of bacterial vaginosis with vaginal pH \u2265 5. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis. 2010, 29 (1): 123-125.","journal-title":"Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis"},{"issue":"6","key":"75_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"374","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(06)70495-9","volume":"6","author":"S Sazawal","year":"2006","unstructured":"Sazawal S, Hiremath G, Dhingra U, Malik P, Deb S, Black RE: Efficacy of probiotics in prevention of acute diarrhoea: a meta-analysis of masked, randomised, placebo-controlled trials. Lancet Infect Dis. 2006, 6 (6): 374-382.","journal-title":"Lancet Infect Dis"},{"issue":"3","key":"75_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"325","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.2008.167270","volume":"59","author":"P Moayyedi","year":"2010","unstructured":"Moayyedi P, Ford AC, Talley NJ, Cremonini F, Foxx-Orenstein AE, Brandt LJ, Quigley EMM: The efficacy of probiotics in the treatment of irritable bowel syndrome: a systematic review. Gut. 2010, 59 (3): 325-332.","journal-title":"Gut"},{"key":"75_CR32","first-page":"CD001176","volume":"6","author":"SD Holubar","year":"2010","unstructured":"Holubar SD, Cima RR, Sandborn WJ, Pardi DS: Treatment and prevention of pouchitis after ileal pouch-anal anastomosis for chronic ulcerative colitis. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2010, 6: CD001176.","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"issue":"12","key":"75_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e15591","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0015591","volume":"5","author":"TJ Kaptchuk","year":"2010","unstructured":"Kaptchuk TJ, Friedlander E, Kelley JM, Sanchez MN, Kokkotou E, Singer JP, Kowalczykowski M, Miller FG, Kirsch I, Lembo AJ: Placebos without deception: A randomized controlled trial in irritable bowel syndrome. PLoS One. 2010, 5 (12): e15591.","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"2","key":"75_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"144","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2036.2010.04328.x","volume":"32","author":"AC Ford","year":"2010","unstructured":"Ford AC, Moayyedi P: Meta-analysis: factors affecting placebo response rate in the irritable bowel syndrome. Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2010, 32 (2): 144-158.","journal-title":"Aliment Pharmacol Ther"},{"issue":"9","key":"75_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1057","DOI":"10.3109\/00365521.2011.584895","volume":"46","author":"PA Waller","year":"2011","unstructured":"Waller PA, Gopal PK, Leyer GJ, Ouwehand AC, Reifer C, Stewart ME, Miller LE: Dose\u2013response effect of Bifidobacterium lactis HN019 on whole gut transit time and functional gastrointestinal symptoms in adults. Scand J Gastroenterol. 2011, 46 (9): 1057-1064.","journal-title":"Scand J Gastroenterol"}],"container-title":["Gut Pathogens"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/1757-4749-4-15.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,1]],"date-time":"2021-09-01T17:38:46Z","timestamp":1630517926000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/gutpathogens.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/1757-4749-4-15"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2012,11]]},"references-count":35,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,11]]}},"alternative-id":["75"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/1757-4749-4-15","relation":{},"ISSN":["1757-4749"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1757-4749","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2012,11]]},"assertion":[{"value":"13 November 2012","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"13 November 2012","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"26 November 2012","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}}],"article-number":"15"}}