{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,24]],"date-time":"2026-09-24T06:57:11Z","timestamp":1790233031433,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2010,12,10]],"date-time":"2010-12-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1291939200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":343,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/3.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100007729","name":"Ministerie van Buitenlandse Zaken","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100007729","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001773","name":"University of New South Wales","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001773","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of the International AIDS Society"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2010,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>This retrospective survey describes types of cancers diagnosed in HIV\u2010infected subjects in Asia, and assesses risk factors for cancer in HIV\u2010infected subjects using contemporaneous HIV\u2010infected controls without cancer.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>TREAT Asia HIV Observational Database (TAHOD) sites retrospectively reviewed clinic medical records to determine cancer diagnoses since 2000. For each diagnosis, the following data were recorded: date, type, stage, method of diagnosis, demographic data, medical history, and HIV\u2010related information. For risk factor analyses, two HIV\u2010infected control subjects without cancer diagnoses were also selected. Cancers were grouped as AIDS\u2010defining cancers (ADCs), and non\u2010ADCs. Non\u2010ADCs were further categorized as being infection related (NADC\u2010IR) and unrelated (NADC\u2010IUR).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>A total of 617 patients were included in this study: 215 cancer cases and 402 controls from 13 sites. The majority of cancer cases were male (71%). The mean age (SD) for cases was 39 (10.6), 46 (11.5) and 44 (13.7) for ADCs, NADC\u2010IURs and NADCs\u2010IR, respectively. The majority (66%) of cancers were ADCs (16% Kaposi sarcoma, 40% non\u2010Hodgkin's lymphoma, and 9% cervical cancer). The most common NADCs were lung (6%), breast (5%) and hepatocellular carcinoma and Hodgkin's lymphoma (2% each). There were also three (1.4%) cases of leiomyosarcoma reported in this study. In multivariate analyses, individuals with CD4 counts above 200 cells\/mm<jats:sup>3<\/jats:sup> were approximately 80% less likely to be diagnosed with an ADC (p &lt; 0.001). Older age (OR: 1.39, p = 0.001) and currently not receiving antiretroviral treatment (OR: 0.29, p = 0.006) were independent predictors of NADCs overall, and similarly for NADCs\u2010IUR. Lower CD4 cell count and higher CDC stage (p = 0.041) were the only independent predictors of NADCs\u2010IR.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>The spectrum of cancer diagnoses in the Asia region currently does not appear dissimilar to that observed in non\u2010Asian HIV populations. One interesting finding was the cases of leiomyosarcoma, a smooth\u2010muscle tumour, usually seen in children and young adults with AIDS, yet overall quite rare. Further detailed studies are required to better describe the range of cancers in this region, and to help guide the development of screening programmes.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/1758-2652-13-51","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2010,12,10]],"date-time":"2010-12-10T07:13:55Z","timestamp":1291965235000},"page":"51-51","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":22,"title":["Cancers in the TREAT Asia HIV Observational Database (TAHOD): a retrospective analysis of risk 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