{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,25]],"date-time":"2026-03-25T11:09:18Z","timestamp":1774436958184,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,2,22]],"date-time":"2012-02-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1329868800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":52,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/3.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of the International AIDS Society"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>With an overall adult HIV prevalence of 15.3%, Namibia is facing one of the largest HIV epidemics in Africa. Young people aged 20 to 34 years constitute one of the groups at highest risk of HIV infection in Namibia. However, little is known about the impact of HIV on this group and its access to healthcare. The purpose of this study was to estimate HIV prevalence, to assess the knowledge of and attitudes towards HIV\/AIDS, and to assess access to healthcare among university students in Namibia.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>We assessed HIV\/AIDS knowledge and attitudes, HIV prevalence and access to healthcare among students at the Polytechnic of Namibia and the University of Namibia. HIV prevalence was tested through anonymous oral fluid\u2010based tests.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Half (n = 2790\/5568) of the university students and 45% (n = 2807\/6302) of the Polytechnic students participated in the knowledge and attitudes surveys. HIV\/AIDS knowledge was reasonable, except for misperceptions about transmission. Awareness of one's own HIV status and risks was low. In all, 55% (n = 3055\/5568) of university students and 58% (n = 3680\/6302) of Polytechnic students participated in the HIV prevalence survey; 54 (1.8%) university students and 103 (2.8%) Polytechnic students tested HIV positive. Campus clinics were not the major providers of healthcare to the students.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Meaningful strategies addressing the gap between knowledge, attitude and young people's perception of risk of HIV acquisition should be implemented. HIV prevalence among Namibian university students appears relatively low. Voluntary counselling and testing should be stimulated. Efforts should be made to increase access to healthcare through the campus clinics.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/1758-2652-15-9","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,2,22]],"date-time":"2012-02-22T07:16:50Z","timestamp":1329895010000},"page":"9-9","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["University students and HIV in Namibia: an HIV prevalence survey and a knowledge and attitude survey"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Ingrid H","family":"de Beer","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Huub C","family":"Gelderblom","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Onno","family":"Schellekens","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Esegiel","family":"Gaeb","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gert","family":"van Rooy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alta","family":"McNally","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ferdinand W","family":"Wit","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rinke de Wit F","family":"Tobias","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2012,2,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","unstructured":"UNAIDS\/WHO:Epidemiological Fact Sheet on HIV and AIDS2008 Update."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","unstructured":"Republic of Namibia Ministry of Health and Social Services:Report of the 2006 National HIV Sentinel Survey2007."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","unstructured":"Republic of Namibia Ministry of Health and Social Services Directorate Special Programmes:Estimates and Projections of the Impact of HIV\/AIDS in Namibia2008."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","unstructured":"Republic of Namibia Ministry of Health and Social Services:Ministry of Health and Social Services System Review2008."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","unstructured":"Republic of Namibia Ministry of Health and Social Services United Nations General Assembly Special Session (UNGASS):Country Report. Reporting Period April 2006\u2010March 20072008."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","unstructured":"Republic of Namibia Ministry of Health and Social Services:Namibia Demographic and Health Survey 2006\u2010072008 428."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2004.10.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/13625180701617670"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/146642409911900105"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_9_11_1","first-page":"165","article-title":"Characteristics of volunteers and non\u2010volunteers for voluntary counseling and HIV testing among unmarried male undergraduates","volume":"33","author":"Adewole DA","year":"2004","journal-title":"Afr J Med Med Sci"},{"issue":"5","key":"e_1_2_9_12_1","first-page":"686","article-title":"Prevalence and incidence rates of HIV\u20101 infection in Rwandan students","volume":"11","author":"Baganizi E","year":"1997","journal-title":"AIDS"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_9_13_1","first-page":"18","article-title":"HIV\/AIDS on tertiary education campuses\u2010data at last. 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S","volume":"99","author":"Keller P","year":"2009","journal-title":"Afr Med J"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/QAI.0b013e31816bcdcf"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/heapro\/12.1.61"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1054-139X(04)00002-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/heapol\/czq029"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2923.2007.02803.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_20_1","volume-title":"Non\u2010response bias in the measurement of HIV\/AIDS prevalence in Namibia","author":"Janssens W","year":"2008"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00224498609551289"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/sti.2004.012674"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_23_1","first-page":"140","article-title":"HIV incidence in sub\u2010Saharan Africa: a review of available data with implications for surveillance and prevention planning","volume":"11","author":"Braunstein SL","year":"2009","journal-title":"AIDS Rev"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_24_1","unstructured":"Republic of Namibia Ministry of Health and Social Services:Report onNational Testing Day2008."}],"container-title":["Journal of the International AIDS Society"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1186\/1758-2652-15-9","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,1]],"date-time":"2023-10-01T13:24:35Z","timestamp":1696166675000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1186\/1758-2652-15-9"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2012,1]]},"references-count":23,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1186\/1758-2652-15-9"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/1758-2652-15-9","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1758-2652","1758-2652"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1758-2652","type":"print"},{"value":"1758-2652","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2012,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2011-08-05","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2012-02-22","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2012-02-22","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}