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Moreover, the plant extract (aqueous methanol 80%) was subjected to an anti-diabetic activity test (in a rat model of streptozocin induced diabetes), anti-<jats:italic>Helicobacter pylori<\/jats:italic>(using disc diffusion method) along with antioxidant activity against DPPH (stable free radical) tests. Besides, total flavonoids, phenols, tannins, as well as polysaccharides contents have been assessed using spectroscopic methods.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The microscopic properties of the plant fragments revealed anomocytic stomata, conical shape trichomes, and abundant spherical pollen grains as a characteristic pattern for the aerial parts of the plant. The extract of the plant at concentration of 15\u00a0g\/kg showed mild lowering activity on blood glucose level to 12.6% and 7.3% after 2 and 3\u00a0h of administration. Additionally, clinically isolated<jats:italic>H. pylori<\/jats:italic>strain was inhibited with the plant extract at concentration of 500\u00a0mg\/mL (zone of inhibition: 17\u2009\u00b1\u20090.08\u00a0mm). Moreover, IC<jats:sub>50<\/jats:sub>values for DPPH inhibition of the plant extract, vitamin E, BHA were examined as 13.5, 14.2, and 7.8\u00a0\u03bcg\/mL, respectively. Total flavonoids, phenols, tannin, and polysaccharides contents of the extract were successfully evaluated as 5.8\u2009\u00b1\u20090.4\u00a0\u03bcg QE\/mg EXT, 331\u2009\u00b1\u20093.7\u00a0\u03bcg GAE\/mg EXT, 340\u2009\u00b1\u20092.3\u00a0\u03bcg TAE\/mg EXT, 21\u2009\u00b1\u20090.2\u00a0\u03bcg GE\/mg EXT, respectively.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>The results suggested that<jats:italic>L. salicaria<\/jats:italic>has low anti-diabetic and anti-<jats:italic>Helicobacter pylori<\/jats:italic>effects, but high antioxidant activity, just the same as positive standard (vitamin E), which might be attributed to the high content of phenolic compounds in the extract.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/2008-2231-21-61","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,7,25]],"date-time":"2013-07-25T18:45:09Z","timestamp":1374777909000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["Biological activity and microscopic characterization of Lythrum salicaria L"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"21","author":[{"given":"Azadeh","family":"Manayi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mahnaz","family":"Khanavi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Soodabeh","family":"Saiednia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ebrahim","family":"Azizi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mohammad","family":"Reza Mahmoodpour","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Fatemeh","family":"Vafi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Maryam","family":"Malmir","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Farideh","family":"Siavashi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Abbas","family":"Hadjiakhoondi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,7,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"166_CR1","volume-title":"Traditional herbal medicines for modern times, anti-diabetic plants","author":"A Soumyanath","year":"2006","unstructured":"Soumyanath A: Traditional herbal medicines for modern times, anti-diabetic plants. 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