{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,22]],"date-time":"2026-10-22T19:16:03Z","timestamp":1792696563925,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Biol Sex Differ"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>Men are at an increased risk of dying from heart failure caused by inflammatory heart diseases such as atherosclerosis, myocarditis and dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM). We previously showed that macrophages in the spleen are phenotypically distinct in male compared to female mice at 12 h after infection. This innate immune profile mirrors and predicts the cardiac immune response during acute myocarditis.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>In order to study sex differences in the innate immune response, five male and female BALB\/c mice were infected intraperitoneally with coxsackievirus B3 (CVB3) or phosphate buffered saline and their spleens were harvested 12 h later for microarray analysis. Gene expression was determined using an Affymetrix Mouse Gene 1.0 ST Array. Significant gene changes were verified by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction or ELISA.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>During the innate immune response to CVB3 infection, infected males had higher splenic expression of genes which are important in regulating the influx of cholesterol into macrophages, such as phospholipase A<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> (PLA<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>) and the macrophage scavenger receptor compared to the infected females. We also observed a higher expression in infected males compared to infected females of squalene synthase, an enzyme used to generate cholesterol within cells, and Cyp2e1, an enzyme important in metabolizing cholesterol and steroids. Infected males also had decreased levels of the translocator protein 18 kDa (TSPO), which binds PLA<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> and is the rate-limiting step for steroidogenesis, as well as decreased expression of the androgen receptor (AR), which indicates receptor activation. Gene differences were not due to increased viral replication, which was unaltered between sexes.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>We found that, compared to females, male mice had a greater splenic expression of genes which are important for cholesterol metabolism and activation of the AR at 12 h after infection. Activation of the AR has been linked to increased cardiac hypertrophy, atherosclerosis, myocarditis\/DCM and heart failure in male mice and humans.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/2042-6410-2-2","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,2,22]],"date-time":"2011-02-22T07:21:30Z","timestamp":1298359290000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":52,"title":["The innate immune response to coxsackievirus B3 predicts progression to cardiovascular disease and heart failure in male mice"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"2","author":[{"given":"Jennifer A","family":"Onyimba","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael J","family":"Coronado","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amanda E","family":"Garton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joseph B","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Adriana","family":"Bucek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Djahida","family":"Bedja","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kathleen L","family":"Gabrielson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tomas R","family":"Guilarte","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"DeLisa","family":"Fairweather","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2011,2,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"10_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e46","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.109.192667","volume":"121","author":"D Lloyd-Jones","year":"2010","unstructured":"WRITING GROUP MEMBERS, Lloyd-Jones D, Adams RJ, Brown TM, Carnethon M, Dai S, De Simone G, Ferguson TB, Ford E, Furie K, Gillespie C, American Heart Association Statistics Committee and Stroke Statistics Subcommittee, et al.: Heart disease and stroke statistics- 2010 update: a report from the American Heart Association. Circulation 2010, 121: e46-e215. [Erratum in Circulation. 2010, 121: e260] 10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.109.192667","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"10_CR2","first-page":"778","volume":"79","author":"RK Wexler","year":"2009","unstructured":"Wexler RK, Elton T, Pleister A, Feldman D: Cardiomyopathy: an overview. Am Fam Physician 2009, 79: 778\u2013784.","journal-title":"Am Fam Physician"},{"key":"10_CR3","first-page":"257","volume-title":"Myocarditis: From Bench to Bedside","author":"GW Dec","year":"2003","unstructured":"Dec GW: Introduction to clinical myocarditis. In Myocarditis: From Bench to Bedside. Edited by: Cooper LT Jr, Totowa N. NY: Humana Press; 2003:257\u2013281."},{"key":"10_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1265","DOI":"10.1253\/circj.CJ-10-0196","volume":"74","author":"V Regitz-Zagrosek","year":"2010","unstructured":"Regitz-Zagrosek V, Oertelt-Prigione S, Seeland U, Hetzer R: Sex and gender differences in myocardial hypertrophy and heart failure. Circ J 2010, 74: 1265\u20131273. 10.1253\/circj.CJ-10-0196","journal-title":"Circ J"},{"key":"10_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"600","DOI":"10.2353\/ajpath.2008.071008","volume":"173","author":"D Fairweather","year":"2008","unstructured":"Fairweather D, Frisancho-Kiss S, Rose NR: Sex differences in autoimmune disease from a pathologic perspective. Am J Pathol 2008, 173: 600\u2013609. 10.2353\/ajpath.2008.071008","journal-title":"Am J Pathol"},{"key":"10_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1526","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra0800028","volume":"360","author":"LT Cooper Jr","year":"2009","unstructured":"Cooper LT Jr: Myocarditis. N Engl J Med 2009, 360: 1526\u20131538. 10.1056\/NEJMra0800028","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"95","DOI":"10.1016\/S0065-2776(08)00604-4","volume":"99","author":"D Cihakova","year":"2008","unstructured":"Cihakova D, Rose NR: Pathogenesis of myocarditis and dilated cardiomyopathy. Adv Immunol 2008, 99: 95\u2013114. full_text","journal-title":"Adv Immunol"},{"key":"10_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"447","DOI":"10.1017\/S0022172400062872","volume":"95","author":"BD Schoub","year":"1985","unstructured":"Schoub BD, Johnson S, McAnerney JM, Dos Santos IL, Klaassen KL: Epidemic Coxsackie B virus infection in Johannesburg, South Africa. J Hyg (Lond) 1985, 95: 447\u2013455. 10.1017\/S0022172400062872","journal-title":"J Hyg (Lond)"},{"key":"10_CR9","first-page":"273","volume":"29","author":"N Dechkum","year":"1998","unstructured":"Dechkum N, Pangsawan Y, Jayavasu C, Saguanwongse S: Coxsackie B virus infection and myopericarditis in Thailand, 1987\u20131989. Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health 1998, 29: 273\u2013276.","journal-title":"Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health"},{"key":"10_CR10","first-page":"1","volume":"55","author":"N Khetsuriani","year":"2006","unstructured":"Khetsuriani N, LaMonte-Fowlkes A, Oberste MS, Pallansch MA: Enterovirus surveillance- United States, 1970\u20132005. MMWR Surveill Summ 2006, 55: 1\u201320.","journal-title":"MMWR Surveill Summ"},{"key":"10_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"118","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ymeth.2006.07.009","volume":"41","author":"D Fairweather","year":"2007","unstructured":"Fairweather D, Rose NR: Coxsackievirus-induced myocarditis in mice: a model of autoimmune disease for studying immunotoxicity. Methods 2007, 41: 118\u2013122. 10.1016\/j.ymeth.2006.07.009","journal-title":"Methods"},{"key":"10_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"139","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2006.08.003","volume":"1126","author":"S Frisancho-Kiss","year":"2006","unstructured":"Frisancho-Kiss S, Nyland JF, Davis SE, Frisancho JA, Barrett MA, Rose NR, Fairweather D: Sex differences in coxsackievirus B3-induced myocarditis: IL-12R\u03b21 signaling and IFN-\u03b2 increase inflammation in males independent from STAT4. Brain Res 2006, 1126: 139\u2013147. 10.1016\/j.brainres.2006.08.003","journal-title":"Brain Res"},{"key":"10_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6710","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.178.11.6710","volume":"178","author":"S Frisancho-Kiss","year":"2007","unstructured":"Frisancho-Kiss S, Davis SE, Nyland JF, Frisancho JA, Cihakova D, Rose NR, Fairweather D: Cutting Edge: Cross-regulation by TLR4 and T cell Ig mucin-3 determines sex differences in inflammatory heart disease. J Immunol 2007, 178: 6710\u20136714.","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"10_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"649","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2008.12.002","volume":"23","author":"S Frisancho-Kiss","year":"2009","unstructured":"Frisancho-Kiss S, Coronado MJ, Frisancho JA, Lau VM, Rose NR, Klein SL, Fairweather D: Gonadectomy of male BALB\/c mice increases Tim-3\n                    +\n                  \nalternatively activated M2 macrophages, Tim-3\n                    +\n                  \nT cells, Th2 cells and Treg in the heart during acute coxsackievirus-induced myocarditis. Brain Behav Immun 2009, 23: 649\u2013657. 10.1016\/j.bbi.2008.12.002","journal-title":"Brain Behav Immun"},{"key":"10_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4731","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.170.9.4731","volume":"170","author":"D Fairweather","year":"2003","unstructured":"Fairweather D, Yusung S, Frisancho-Kiss S, Barrett M, Gatewood S, Steele R, Rose NR: IL-12R\u03b21 and TLR4 increase IL-1\u03b2 and IL-18-associated myocarditis and coxsackievirus replication. J Immunol 2003, 170: 4731\u20134737.","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"10_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6411","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.176.11.6411","volume":"176","author":"S Frisancho-Kiss","year":"2006","unstructured":"Frisancho-Kiss S, Nyland JF, Davis SE, Barrett MA, Gatewood SJL, Njoku DB, Cihakova D, Silbergeld EK, Rose NR, Fairweather D: Cutting Edge: T cell Ig mucin-3 reduces inflammatory heart disease by increasing CTLA-4 during innate immunity. J Immunol 2006, 176: 6411\u20136415.","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"10_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1195","DOI":"10.2353\/ajpath.2008.070207","volume":"172","author":"D Cihakova","year":"2008","unstructured":"Cihakova D, Barin JG, Afanasyeva M, Kimura M, Fairweather D, Berg M, Talor MV, Baldeviano GC, Frisancho-Kiss S, Gabrielson K, et al.: Interleukin-13 protects against experimental autoimmune myocarditis by regulating macrophage differentiation. Am J Pathol 2008, 172: 1195\u20131208. 10.2353\/ajpath.2008.070207","journal-title":"Am J Pathol"},{"key":"10_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8369","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.73.12.8369-8380.2005","volume":"73","author":"KR Page","year":"2005","unstructured":"Page KR, Jedlicka AE, Fakheri B, Noland GS, Kesavan AK, Scott AL, Kumar N, Manabe YC: Myocabacterium-induced potentiation of type I immune responses and protection against malaria are host specific. Infect Immun 2005, 73: 8369\u20138380. 10.1128\/IAI.73.12.8369-8380.2005","journal-title":"Infect Immun"},{"key":"10_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"345","DOI":"10.1038\/nmeth756","volume":"2","author":"RA Irizarry","year":"2005","unstructured":"Irizarry RA, Warren D, Spencer F, Kim IF, Biswal S, Frank BC, Gabrielson E, Garcia JGN, Geoghegan J, Germino G, et al.: Multiple-laboratory comparison of microarray platforms. Nat Methods 2005, 2: 345\u2013350. 10.1038\/nmeth756","journal-title":"Nat Methods"},{"key":"10_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"L888","DOI":"10.1152\/ajplung.90369.2008","volume":"296","author":"T Rangasamy","year":"2009","unstructured":"Rangasamy T, Misra V, Zhen L, Tankersley GC, Tuder RM, Biswal S: Cigarette smoke-induced emphysema in A\/J mice associated with pulmonary oxidative stress, apoptosis of lung cells and global alterations in gene expression. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2009, 296: L888-L900. 10.1152\/ajplung.90369.2008","journal-title":"Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol"},{"key":"10_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cardfail.2009.08.008","volume":"16","author":"DA Kass","year":"2010","unstructured":"Kass DA, Kitzman DW, Alvarez GE: The restoration of chronotropic competence in heart failure patients with normal ejection fraction (RESET) study: rationale and design. J Cardiac Fail 2010, 16: 17\u201324. 10.1016\/j.cardfail.2009.08.008","journal-title":"J Cardiac Fail"},{"key":"10_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"131","DOI":"10.1080\/0891693042000196200","volume":"37","author":"D Fairweather","year":"2004","unstructured":"Fairweather D, Frisancho-Kiss S, Gatewood S, Njoku D, Steele R, Barrett M, Rose NR: Mast cells and innate cytokines are associated with susceptibility to autoimmune heart disease following coxsackievirus B3 infection. Autoimmunity 2004, 37: 131\u2013145. 10.1080\/0891693042000196200","journal-title":"Autoimmunity"},{"key":"10_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.1007\/s00109-007-0240-z","volume":"86","author":"J Isensee","year":"2008","unstructured":"Isensee J, Witt H, Pregla R, Hetzer R, Regitz-Zagrosek V, Noppinger PR: Sexually dimorphic gene expression in the heart of mice and men. J Mol Med 2008, 86: 61\u201374. 10.1007\/s00109-007-0240-z","journal-title":"J Mol Med"},{"key":"10_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"215","DOI":"10.1124\/mol.109.056705","volume":"76","author":"DJ Waxman","year":"2009","unstructured":"Waxman DJ, Holloway MG: Sex differences in the expression of hepatic drug metabolizing enzymes. Mol Pharmacol 2009, 76: 215\u2013228. 10.1124\/mol.109.056705","journal-title":"Mol Pharmacol"},{"key":"10_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1223","DOI":"10.1517\/17425250903143769","volume":"5","author":"A Cederbaum","year":"2009","unstructured":"Cederbaum A: Nrf2 and antioxidant defense against CYP2E1 toxicity. Expert Opin Drug Metab Toxicol 2009, 5: 1223\u20131244. 10.1517\/17425250903143769","journal-title":"Expert Opin Drug Metab Toxicol"},{"key":"10_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"127","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.2006.123638","volume":"579","author":"BV Alvarez","year":"2007","unstructured":"Alvarez BV, Johnson DE, Sowah D, Soliman D, Light PE, Xia Y, Karmazyn M, Casey JR: Carbonic anhydrase inhibition prevents and reverts cardiomyocyte hypertrophy. J Physiol 2007, 579: 127\u2013145. 10.1113\/jphysiol.2006.123638","journal-title":"J Physiol"},{"key":"10_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"735","DOI":"10.1016\/j.trstmh.2008.04.010","volume":"102","author":"IK Quaye","year":"2008","unstructured":"Quaye IK: Haptoglobin, inflammation and disease. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 2008, 102: 735\u2013742. 10.1016\/j.trstmh.2008.04.010","journal-title":"Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg"},{"key":"10_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1537","DOI":"10.1096\/fj.02-0138com","volume":"16","author":"T Thum","year":"2002","unstructured":"Thum T, Borlak J: Testosterone, cytochrome P450, and cardiac hypertrophy. FASEB J 2002, 16: 1537\u20131549. 10.1096\/fj.02-0138com","journal-title":"FASEB J"},{"key":"10_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3282","DOI":"10.1210\/en.140.7.3282","volume":"140","author":"BB Yeap","year":"1999","unstructured":"Yeap BB, Krueger RG, Leedman PJ: Differential posttranscriptional regulation of androgen receptor gene expression by androgen in prostate and breast cancer cells. Endocrinology 1999, 140: 3282\u20133291. 10.1210\/en.140.7.3282","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"key":"10_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"503","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2005.09.007","volume":"110","author":"L Veenman","year":"2006","unstructured":"Veenman L, Gavish M: The peripheral-type benzodiazepine receptor and the cardiovascular system. Implications for drug development. Pharmacol Ther 2006, 110: 503\u2013524. 10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2005.09.007","journal-title":"Pharmacol Ther"},{"key":"10_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"358","DOI":"10.1097\/HCO.0b013e32832bcb22","volume":"24","author":"CJ Packard","year":"2009","unstructured":"Packard CJ: Lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A\n\n                    2\n                  \nas a biomarker of coronary heart disease and a therapeutic target. Curr Opin Cardiol 2009, 24: 358\u2013363. 10.1097\/HCO.0b013e32832bcb22","journal-title":"Curr Opin Cardiol"},{"key":"10_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1399-0004.2008.01099.x","volume":"75","author":"R Do","year":"2009","unstructured":"Do R, Kiss RS, Gaudet D, Engert JC: Squalene synthase: a critical enzyme in the cholesterol biosynthesis pathway. Clin Genet 2009, 75: 19\u201329. 10.1111\/j.1399-0004.2008.01099.x","journal-title":"Clin Genet"},{"key":"10_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"12283","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.211086598","volume":"98","author":"P Liao","year":"2001","unstructured":"Liao P, Georgakopoulos D, Kovacs A, Zheng M, Lerner D, Pu H, Saffitz J, Chien K, Xiao R-P, Kass DA, Wang Y: The in vivo role of p38 MAP kinases in cardiac remodeling and restrictive cardiomyopathy. Proc Nat Acad Sci USA 2001, 98: 12283\u201312288. 10.1073\/pnas.211086598","journal-title":"Proc Nat Acad Sci USA"},{"key":"10_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2754","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0436564100","volume":"100","author":"KR Boheler","year":"2003","unstructured":"Boheler KR, Volkova M, Morrell C, Garg R, Zhu Y, Margulies K, Seymour A-M, Lakatta EG: Sex- and age-dependent human transcriptome variability: Implications for chronic heart failure. Proc Nat Acad Sci USA 2003, 100: 2754\u20132759. 10.1073\/pnas.0436564100","journal-title":"Proc Nat Acad Sci USA"},{"key":"10_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"463","DOI":"10.1189\/jlb.0909602","volume":"88","author":"N Karin","year":"2010","unstructured":"Karin N: The multiple faces of CXCL12 (SDF-1\u03b2) in the regulation of immunity during health and disease. J Leukoc Biol 2010, 88: 463\u2013473. 10.1189\/jlb.0909602","journal-title":"J Leukoc Biol"},{"key":"10_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1883","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9440(10)63241-5","volume":"165","author":"D Fairweather","year":"2004","unstructured":"Fairweather D, Frisancho-Kiss S, Yusung SA, Barrett MA, Gatewood SJL, Davis SE, Njoku DB, Rose NR: IFN-\u03b2 protects against chronic viral myocarditis by reducing mast cell degranulation, fibrosis, and the profibrotic cytokines TGF-\u03b2\n\n                    1\n                  \n, IL-1\u03b2 and IL-4 in the heart. Am J Pathol 2004, 165: 1883\u20131894. 10.1016\/S0002-9440(10)63241-5","journal-title":"Am J Pathol"},{"key":"10_CR37","first-page":"865","volume":"20","author":"M Diedrich","year":"2007","unstructured":"Diedrich M, Tadic J, Mao L, Wacker MA, Nebrich G, Hetzer R, Regitz-Zagrosek V, Klose J: Heart protein expression related to age and sex in mice and humans. Int J Mol Med 2007, 20: 865\u2013874.","journal-title":"Int J Mol Med"},{"key":"10_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"122","DOI":"10.2174\/138920008783571792","volume":"9","author":"BN Zordoky","year":"2008","unstructured":"Zordoky BN, El-Kadi AO: Modulation of cardiac and hepatic cytochrome P450 enzymes during heart failure. Curr Drug Metab 2008, 9: 122\u2013128. 10.2174\/138920008783571792","journal-title":"Curr Drug Metab"},{"key":"10_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.1042\/CS20080106","volume":"116","author":"F Tabet","year":"2009","unstructured":"Tabet F, Rye K-A: High-density lipoproteins, inflammation and oxidative stress. Clin Sci 2009, 116: 87\u201398. 10.1042\/CS20080106","journal-title":"Clin Sci"},{"key":"10_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S237","DOI":"10.1194\/jlr.R800033-JLR200","volume":"50","author":"JE Burke","year":"2009","unstructured":"Burke JE, Dennis EA: Phospholipase A\n\n                    2\n                  \nstructure\/function, mechanism, and signaling. J Lipid Res 2009, 50: S237-S242. 10.1194\/jlr.R800033-JLR200","journal-title":"J Lipid Res"},{"key":"10_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"299","DOI":"10.1097\/HCO.0b013e32833aaa94","volume":"25","author":"H White","year":"2010","unstructured":"White H: Why inhibition of lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A\n\n                    2\n                  \nhas the potential to improve patient outcomes. Curr Opin Cardiol 2010, 25: 299\u2013301. 10.1097\/HCO.0b013e32833aaa94","journal-title":"Curr Opin Cardiol"},{"key":"10_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1323","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbalip.2006.09.004","volume":"1761","author":"R Levy","year":"2006","unstructured":"Levy R: The role of cytosolic phospholipase A\n\n                    2\n                  \n-alpha in regulation of phagocytic functions. Biochim Biophys Acta 2006, 1761: 1323\u20131334.","journal-title":"Biochim Biophys Acta"},{"key":"10_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"172","DOI":"10.1002\/emmm.201000072","volume":"2","author":"E Biolard","year":"2010","unstructured":"Biolard E, Lai Y, Larabee K, Balestrieri B, Ghomashchi F, Fujioka D, Gobezie R, Coblyn JS, Weinblatt ME, Massarotti EM, et al.: A novel anti-inflammatory role for secretory phospholipase A\n\n                    2\n                  \nin immune complex-mediated arthritis. EMBO Mol Med 2010, 2: 172\u2013187. 10.1002\/emmm.201000072","journal-title":"EMBO Mol Med"},{"key":"10_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"587","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bjc.6604184","volume":"98","author":"CM Mounier","year":"2008","unstructured":"Mounier CM, Wendum D, Greenspan E, Flejou J-F, Rosenberg DW, Lambeau G: Distinct expression pattern of the full set of secreted phospholipases A\n\n                    2\n                  \nin human colorectal adenocarcinomas: sPLA\n\n                    2\n                  \n-III as a biomarker candidate. Br J Cancer 2008, 98: 587\u2013595. 10.1038\/sj.bjc.6604184","journal-title":"Br J Cancer"},{"key":"10_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1186\/1476-511X-8-27","volume":"8","author":"RJ Henderson","year":"2009","unstructured":"Henderson RJ, Wasan KM, Leon CG: Haptoglobin inhibits phospholipid transfer protein activity in hyperlipidemic human plasma. Lip Health Dis 2009, 8: 27. 10.1186\/1476-511X-8-27","journal-title":"Lip Health Dis"},{"key":"10_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"549","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hfc.2009.04.001","volume":"5","author":"S Von Haehling","year":"2009","unstructured":"Von Haehling S, Schefold JC, Lainscak M, Doehner W, Anker SD: Inflammatory biomarkers in heart failure revisited: much more than innocent bystanders. Heart Failure Clin 2009, 5: 549\u2013560. 10.1016\/j.hfc.2009.04.001","journal-title":"Heart Failure Clin"}],"container-title":["Biology of Sex Differences"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/2042-6410-2-2.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,1]],"date-time":"2021-09-01T13:03:52Z","timestamp":1630501432000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/bsd.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/2042-6410-2-2"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2011,2,21]]},"references-count":46,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,12]]}},"alternative-id":["10"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/2042-6410-2-2","relation":{},"ISSN":["2042-6410"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2042-6410","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2011,2,21]]},"assertion":[{"value":"13 August 2010","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"21 February 2011","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"21 February 2011","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}}],"article-number":"2"}}