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We have also examined the functional integrity of mTOR signaling in peripheral lymphocytes in Alzheimer\u2019s disease patients relative to healthy controls.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>In the brain mTOR is seen to control molecular functions related to cell cycle regulation, cell death and several metabolic pathways. These downstream elements of the mTOR signaling cascade are deregulated in the brain of Alzheimer\u2019s disease patients well before the development of pathology. This dysregulation of the mTOR downstream signaling cascade is not restricted to the brain but appears to be systemic and can be detected in peripheral lymphocytes as a reduced Rapamycin response.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>The dysfunction of the signaling pathways downstream of mTOR may represent a risk factor for Alzheimer\u2019s disease and is independent of the ApoE status of the patients.<\/jats:p><jats:p>We have also identified the molecular substrates of the beneficial effects of Rapamycin on the nervous system. We believe that these results can further inform the development of clinical predictive tests for the risk of Alzheimer\u2019s disease in patients with mild cognitive impairment.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/2051-5960-1-3","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,5,8]],"date-time":"2013-05-08T10:18:02Z","timestamp":1368008282000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":66,"title":["Dysfunction of the mTOR pathway is a risk factor for Alzheimer\u2019s disease"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"1","author":[{"given":"Sharon C","family":"Yates","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amen","family":"Zafar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paul","family":"Hubbard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sheila","family":"Nagy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sarah","family":"Durant","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Roy","family":"Bicknell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gordon","family":"Wilcock","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sharon","family":"Christie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Margaret M","family":"Esiri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A David","family":"Smith","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zsuzsanna","family":"Nagy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,5,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"3_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"153","DOI":"10.1007\/s12035-011-8228-7","volume":"45","author":"AM Fjell","year":"2012","unstructured":"Fjell AM, Walhovd KB: Neuroimaging results impose new views on Alzheimer's disease-the role of amyloid revised. 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