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The enzyme forms a tetramer, in which the core of each protomer exhibits the \u03b1\/\u03b2 Rossmann fold and contains one molecule of NADPH, whereas the characteristic substructures of a small lobe and a variable loop are localized around the substrate-binding site. Modeling and mutation analyses of the catalytic site indicated that the hydrophobicity of two residues, I167 and F212, determines the substrate-binding orientation as well as the substrate-binding affinity. Our results revealed that the characteristic substrate-binding pocket composed of hydrophobic amino acid residues ensures substrate docking for the stereospecific reaction of RrQR in spite of its loose interaction with the substrate.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1186\/2191-0855-4-6","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,2,7]],"date-time":"2014-02-07T18:02:32Z","timestamp":1391796152000},"update-policy":"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Structural basis of stereospecific reduction by quinuclidinone reductase"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"4","author":[{"given":"Daijiro","family":"Takeshita","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Michihiko","family":"Kataoka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Takuya","family":"Miyakawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ken-ichi","family":"Miyazono","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shoko","family":"Kumashiro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Takahiro","family":"Nagai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nobuyuki","family":"Urano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Atsuko","family":"Uzura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Koji","family":"Nagata","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sakayu","family":"Shimizu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Masaru","family":"Tanokura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,2,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"185_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1053","DOI":"10.1016\/S0024-3205(97)00047-7","volume":"60","author":"VA Alabaster","year":"1997","unstructured":"Alabaster VA: Discovery & development of selective M3 antagonists for clinical use. 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