{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,24]],"date-time":"2025-10-24T16:36:45Z","timestamp":1761323805537},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Hum. Cent. Comput. Inf. Sci."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>With wide application of virtualization technology, the demand is increasing for performance analysis and system diagnosis in virtualization environment. There are some profiling toolkits based on hardware events, such as OProfile in native Linux and Xenoprof in Xen virtual machine environment. However, sometimes users in different domains need monitor different hardware events individually at the same time. For programming and profiling in environment for virtual machine, it may become popular in the coming future. In this paper, we present Metis, a system-wide profiling toolkit for Xen virtual machine environment based on the virtualization of hardware performance counters.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Virtualization of hardware performance counters is used to enable profiling of processes and routines running in the domain or Xen virtual machine monitor.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>This toolkit allows multiple users in different domains to monitor different hardware events simultaneously in Xen virtual machine environment, obtaining the distribution of hardware events such as clock cycles, instruction execution and cache misses, etc. Our experiments with a real-world benchmark demonstrate the good performance of Metis.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Comparing to all the existing profiling toolkits, Metis is different which enables multiple users in different virtual machines to monitor different CPU events simultaneously, and users in different domains can use this toolkit individually without affecting each other. We apply a popular benchmark to verify the correctness of Metis and its cool features.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/2192-1962-2-8","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,3,23]],"date-time":"2012-03-23T15:02:21Z","timestamp":1332514941000},"update-policy":"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Metis: a profiling toolkit based on the virtualization of hardware performance counters"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"2","author":[{"given":"Xia","family":"Xie","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Haiou","family":"Jiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hai","family":"Jin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Wenzhi","family":"Cao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Pingpeng","family":"Yuan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Laurence Tianruo","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2012,3,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"11_CR1","volume-title":"Technical Report HPL-2007-59R1, HP Laboratories","author":"P Padala","year":"2007","unstructured":"Padala P, Zhu X, Wang Z, Singhal S, Shin KG: Performance evaluation of virtualization technologies for server consolidation. Technical Report HPL-2007\u201359R1, HP Laboratories 2007."},{"key":"11_CR2","volume-title":"the Nineteenth ACM Symposium on Operating Systems Principles (SOSP2003)","author":"P Barham","year":"2003","unstructured":"Barham P, Dragovic B, Fraser K, Harris SHT, Ho A, Neugebauer R, Pratt I, Warfield A: Xen and the Art of Virtualization. In the Nineteenth ACM Symposium on Operating Systems Principles (SOSP2003). New York, USA; 2003."},{"key":"11_CR3","volume-title":"1st Workshop on System-level Virtualization for High Performance Computing, Canada","author":"A Gavrilovska","year":"2007","unstructured":"Gavrilovska A, Kumar S, Raj K, Gupta V, Nathuji R, Niranjan A, Saraiya P: High-Performance Hypervisor Architectures: Virtualization in HPC Systems. 1st Workshop on System-level Virtualization for High Performance Computing, Canada 2007."},{"key":"11_CR4","volume-title":"20th ACM International Conference on Supercomputing (ICS (2006) Cairns","author":"W Huang","year":"2006","unstructured":"Huang W, Liu J, Abali B, Panda DK: A Case for High Performance Computing with Virtual Machines. In 20th ACM International Conference on Supercomputing (ICS (2006) Cairns. Queensland, Australia; 2006."},{"key":"11_CR5","volume-title":"the 3 rd ACM Workshop on System-level Virtualization for High Performance Computing","author":"A Tikotekar","year":"2009","unstructured":"Tikotekar A, Ong H, Alam S, Vall\u00e9e G, Naughton T, Engelmann C, Scott SL: Performance comparison of two virtual machine scenarios using an hpc application: a case study using molecular dynamics simulations. In the 3 rd ACM Workshop on System-level Virtualization for High Performance Computing. USA, New York; 2009."},{"issue":"5","key":"11_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1109\/MC.2005.176","volume":"38","author":"M Rosenblum","year":"2005","unstructured":"Rosenblum M, Garfinkel T: Virtual machine monitors: Current technology and future trends. IEEE Computer 2005,38(5):39\u201347.","journal-title":"IEEE Computer"},{"key":"11_CR7","unstructured":"Oprofile\n[http:\/\/oprofile.sourceforge.net] Accessed 10 Oct 2010"},{"key":"11_CR8","volume-title":"First International Conference on Virtual Execution Environments (VEE2005)","author":"A Menon","year":"2005","unstructured":"Menon A, Santos JR, Turner Y, Janakiraman GJ, Zwaenepoel W: Diagnosing performance overheads in the Xen virtual machine environment. In First International Conference on Virtual Execution Environments (VEE2005). Chicago, Illinois, USA; 2005."},{"key":"11_CR9","unstructured":"The VTune\u2122 Performance Analyzers\n[http:\/\/www.intel.com\/software\/products\/vtune] Accessed: 20 Jan., 2011"},{"key":"11_CR10","unstructured":"VTune\n[http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/VTune] Accessed: 10 Oct., 2011"},{"key":"11_CR11","unstructured":"Xenoprof\n[http:\/\/xenoprof.sourceforge.net] Accessed: 1 Feb., 2010"},{"key":"11_CR12","volume-title":"ATC'08: USENIX (2008) Annual Technical Conference on Annual Technical Conference","author":"JR Santos","year":"2008","unstructured":"Santos JR, Turner Y, Janakiraman G, Pratt IA: Bridging the gap between software and hardware techniques for I\/O Virtualization. In ATC'08: USENIX (2008) Annual Technical Conference on Annual Technical Conference. USENIX Association, Berkeley, Korea; 2008."},{"key":"11_CR13","volume-title":"the 2nd workshop on System-level virtualization for high performance computing","author":"A Tikotekar","year":"2008","unstructured":"Tikotekar A, Vall\u00e9e G, Naughton T, Ong HH, Engelmann C, Scott SL, Filippi AM: Effects of virtualization on a scientific application running a hyperspectral radiative transfer code on virtual machines. In the 2nd workshop on System-level virtualization for high performance computing. ACM, New York, NY, USA; 2008."},{"key":"11_CR14","volume-title":"3 rd Workshop on Virtualization in High-Performance Cluster and Grid Computing","author":"A Tikotekar","year":"2008","unstructured":"Tikotekar A, Vall\u00e9e G, Naughton T, Ong H, Engelmann C, Scott SL: An analysis of hpc benchmarks in virtual machine environments. In 3 rd Workshop on Virtualization in High-Performance Cluster and Grid Computing. New York, USA; 2008."},{"key":"11_CR15","unstructured":"SPEC CPU2000\n[http:\/\/www.spec.org\/cpu2000\/] Accessed 10 Oct 2011"},{"key":"11_CR16","unstructured":"Hardware performance counters\n[http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Hardware_performance_counter] Accessed: 16 Apr., 2011"},{"key":"11_CR17","unstructured":"Configuration details\n[http:\/\/oprofile.sourceforge.net\/doc\/detailed-parameters.html] Accessed: 12 Aug., 2011"},{"key":"11_CR18","unstructured":"XenBus\n[http:\/\/wiki.xen.org\/xenwiki\/XenBus] Accessed: 10 Oct., 2011"},{"key":"11_CR19","unstructured":"Xenstore\n[http:\/\/wiki.xensource.com\/xenwiki\/XenStore] Accessed 10 Oct 2011"},{"key":"11_CR20","volume-title":"USENIX (2005) Annual Technical Confernce","author":"L Cherkasova","year":"2005","unstructured":"Cherkasova L, Gardner R: Measuring CPU overhead for I\/O processing in the xen virtual machine monitor. In USENIX (2005) Annual Technical Confernce. USA, New York; 2005."}],"container-title":["Human-centric Computing and Information Sciences"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/2192-1962-2-8.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,30]],"date-time":"2021-07-30T06:51:42Z","timestamp":1627627902000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1186\/2192-1962-2-8"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2012,3,22]]},"references-count":20,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,12]]}},"alternative-id":["11"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/2192-1962-2-8","relation":{},"ISSN":["2192-1962"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2192-1962","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2012,3,22]]},"assertion":[{"value":"1 November 2011","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"22 March 2012","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"22 March 2012","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}}],"article-number":"8"}}