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These data have the potential to detect patterns of immune response across populations. However, to this point it has been difficult to interpret such patterns of immune response between disease states in the absence of functional data. There is a need for a robust method that can be used to distinguish general patterns of immune responses at the antibody repertoire level.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>We developed a method for reducing the complexity of antibody repertoire datasets using principal component analysis (PCA) and refer to our method as \u201crepertoire fingerprinting.\u201d We reduce the high dimensional space of an antibody repertoire to just two principal components that explain the majority of variation in those repertoires. We show that repertoires from individuals with a common experience or disease state can be clustered by their repertoire fingerprints to identify common antibody responses.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Our repertoire fingerprinting method for distinguishing immune repertoires has implications for characterizing an individual disease state. Methods to distinguish disease states based on pattern recognition in the adaptive immune response could be used to develop biomarkers with diagnostic or prognostic utility in patient care. Extending our analysis to larger cohorts of patients in the future should permit us to define more precisely those characteristics of the immune response that result from natural infection or autoimmunity.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s12859-019-3281-8","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,4]],"date-time":"2019-12-04T20:03:03Z","timestamp":1575489783000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Immune repertoire fingerprinting by principal component analysis reveals shared features in subject groups with common exposures"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"20","author":[{"given":"Alexander M.","family":"Sevy","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Cinque","family":"Soto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Robin G.","family":"Bombardi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Jens","family":"Meiler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0049-1079","authenticated-orcid":false,"suffix":"Jr","given":"James E.","family":"Crowe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"3281_CR1","first-page":"139","volume-title":"Janeway's Immunobiology","author":"K Murphy","year":"2017","unstructured":"Murphy K, Weaver C. 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Cord blood cells were procured by the National Disease Research Interchange (NDRI), with support from NIH grant U42 OD11158. The HIV\/Flu subject samples were obtained after written informed consent was obtained by the NIH-funded Tennessee Center for AIDS Research, with support from NIH grant P30 AI110527.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"J.E.C. has served as a consultant for Takeda Vaccines, Sanofi Pasteur, Pfizer, and Novavax, is on the Scientific Advisory Boards of CompuVax, GigaGen, and Meissa Vaccines and is Founder of IDBiologics, Inc. All other authors declare they have no competing interests.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"629"}}