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Here we analyzed the potential carcinogenic role of <jats:italic>APOBEC3B<\/jats:italic> in 33 tumors based on The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). <jats:italic>APOBEC3B<\/jats:italic> was highly expressed in most tumors and weakly expressed in a few. Differences in expression level were significantly correlated with the pathological tumor stage and prognosis of affected patients. The high-frequency <jats:italic>APOBEC3B<\/jats:italic> changes were principally mutations and amplifications in some tumors, such as uterine corpus endometrial carcinomas or cutaneous melanomas. In testicular germ cell tumors and invasive breast carcinomas, <jats:italic>APOBEC3B<\/jats:italic> expression and CD8<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> T lymphocyte counts were correlated. In other cancers, such as human papilloma virus (HPV)-related head and neck squamous cell carcinomas or esophageal adenocarcinomas, there was also cancer-associated fibroblast infiltration. The <jats:italic>APOBEC3B<\/jats:italic> enzyme acts in the mitochondrial respiratory electron transport chain and in oxidative phosphorylation. This first pan-cancer study provides a comprehensive understanding of the multiple roles of <jats:italic>APOBEC3B<\/jats:italic> in different tumor types.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1186\/s12859-022-04862-0","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,2]],"date-time":"2022-08-02T09:06:23Z","timestamp":1659431183000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Multiple roles of apolipoprotein B mRNA editing enzyme catalytic subunit 3B (APOBEC3B) in human tumors: a pan-cancer analysis"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"23","author":[{"given":"Jiacheng","family":"Wu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Ni","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Linwen","family":"Zhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Dawei","family":"Zhen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Mengqi","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Hang","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Mengmeng","family":"Ye","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Yiqin","family":"Wei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Guofeng","family":"Shao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,2]]},"reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"4862_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.3322\/caac.21654","volume":"71","author":"RL Siegel","year":"2021","unstructured":"Siegel RL, Miller KD, Fuchs HE, Jemal A. 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