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Each patient received Doppler ultrasonography (for venous evaluation) before the scheduled TRANCE-MRI (for venous and arterial evaluations) on a 1.5\u2009T MR scanner (Philips Ingenia, Philips Healthcare, Best, the Netherlands), followed by lymphography and computed tomography angiography that were arranged according to the diagnostic indications.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of TRANCE-MRI were 85.7%, 88\/9 and 88%, respectively. The inter-rater agreement for deep vein thrombosis (DVT) of the thigh between the ultrasonography and TRANCE-MRI results was substantial agreement (Cohen\u2019s kappa \u03ba, 0.72). In ultrasonography-negative cases, TRANCE-MRI detected four additional cases (16%, 4\/25) of DVT; three cases (12%, 3\/25) of venous compression caused by pelvic lymphadenopathy, hip prosthesis or knee joint effusion; one case (4%, 1\/25) of vena cava anomaly; two cases (8%, 2\/25) of occult peripheral artery disease (PAD); and one case (4%, 1\/25) of an occluded bypass graft.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>TRANCE-MRI can be used as an alternative and objective tool for assessing lower extremity diseases, especially suspected venous pathology. Compared with ultrasonography, TRANCE-MRI plays a better role in assessing varicose veins of the lower extremities and deep veins of the pelvis and abdomen. However, false-positive results may occur in the left common iliac vein of elderly patients. Finally, occult PAD rarely occurs in patients with suspected lower extremity venous disease. Therefore, we recommend performing the TRANCE-MRV protocol instead of the full protocol (MRV\u2009+\u2009MRA) in the clinical setting in patients with venous scenarios.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s12880-019-0395-4","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,17]],"date-time":"2019-12-17T11:02:54Z","timestamp":1576580574000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":24,"title":["Evaluation of venous pathology of the lower extremities with triggered angiography non-contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"19","author":[{"given":"Yao-Kuang","family":"Huang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuan-Hsi","family":"Tseng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chih-Hung","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuan-Hsiung","family":"Tsai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yin-Chen","family":"Hsu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shih-Chung","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5085-9919","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chien-Wei","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,17]]},"reference":[{"issue":"7","key":"395_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"569","DOI":"10.1177\/000331979704800703","volume":"48","author":"G De Backer","year":"1997","unstructured":"De Backer G. 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Written informed consent forms for publication from study participants were obtained for all patients.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare that they have no competing interests.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"96"}}