{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,4]],"date-time":"2025-10-04T12:09:19Z","timestamp":1759579759912,"version":"3.37.3"},"reference-count":21,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,16]],"date-time":"2020-03-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1584316800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,16]],"date-time":"2020-03-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1584316800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100005416","name":"Norges Forskningsr\u00e5d","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["237887"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["237887"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100005416","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BMC Med Imaging"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Automatic analyses of echocardiograms may support inexperienced users in quantifying left ventricular (LV) function. We have developed an algorithm for fully automatic measurements of mitral annular plane systolic excursion (MAPSE) and mitral annular systolic (S\u2032) and early diastolic (e\u2032) peak\u00a0velocities. We aimed to study the influence of user experience of automatic measurements of these indices in echocardiographic recordings acquired by medical students and clinicians.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>We included 75 consecutive patients referred for echocardiography at a university hospital. The patients underwent echocardiography by clinicians (cardiologists, cardiology residents and sonographers), who obtained manual reference measurements of MAPSE by M-mode and of S\u2032 and e\u2032 by colour tissue Doppler imaging (cTDI). Immediately after, each patient was examined by 1 of 39 medical students who were instructed in image acquisition on the day of participation. Each student acquired cTDI recordings from 1 to 4 patients. All cTDI recordings by students and clinicians were analysed for MAPSE, S\u2032 and e\u2032 using a fully automatic algorithm. The automatic measurements were compared to the manual reference measurements.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Correct tracking of the mitral annulus was feasible in 50 (67%) and 63 (84%) of the students\u2019 and clinicians\u2019 recordings, respectively (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.007). Image quality was highest in the clinicians\u2019 recordings. Mean difference\u2009\u00b1\u2009standard deviation of the automatic measurements of the students\u2019 recordings compared to the manual reference was \u2212\u20090.0\u2009\u00b1\u20092.0\u2009mm for MAPSE, 0.3\u2009\u00b1\u20091.1\u2009cm\/s for S\u2032 and 0.6\u2009\u00b1\u20091.4\u2009cm\/s for e\u2032. The corresponding intraclass correlation coefficients for MAPSE, S\u2032 and e\u2032 were 0.85 (good), 0.89 (good) and 0.92 (excellent), respectively. Automatic measurements from the students\u2019 and clinicians\u2019 recordings were in similar agreement with the reference when mitral annular tracking was correct.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>In case of correct tracking of the mitral annulus, the agreement with reference for the automatic measurements was overall good. Low image quality reduced feasibility. Adequate image acquisition is essential for automatic analyses of LV function indices, and thus, appropriate education of the operators is mandatory. Automatic measurements may help inexperienced users of ultrasound, but do not remove the need for dedicated education and training.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s12880-020-00430-1","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,16]],"date-time":"2020-03-16T14:07:01Z","timestamp":1584367621000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Automatic quantification of left ventricular function by medical students using ultrasound"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"20","author":[{"given":"Jahn Frederik","family":"Grue","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sigurd","family":"Storve","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"H\u00e5vard","family":"Dalen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ole Christian","family":"Mj\u00f8lstad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Stein O.","family":"Samstad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Torfinn","family":"Eriksen-Volnes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hans","family":"Torp","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Bj\u00f8rn Olav","family":"Haugen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"430_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"205","DOI":"10.1093\/ehjci\/jes240","volume":"14","author":"K Hu","year":"2013","unstructured":"Hu K, Liu D, Herrmann S, Niemann M, Gaudron PD, Voelker W, et al. 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