{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,25]],"date-time":"2026-07-25T06:54:34Z","timestamp":1784962474114,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,20]],"date-time":"2020-05-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1589932800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,20]],"date-time":"2020-05-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1589932800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100005153","name":"China National Funds for Distinguished Young Scientists","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["(#81701691)"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["(#81701691)"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100005153","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Innovation Team of Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine","award":["2019-QN09"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2019-QN09"]}]},{"name":"Key Area Research and Development Program of Shaanxi Province","award":["2018SF\u2014264"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2018SF\u2014264"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BMC Med Imaging"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec>\n<jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>To assess the feasibility of various magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) sequences for the detection of pulmonary nodules by comparing the detection rate of computed tomography (CT).<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n<jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Forty-two patients with pulmonary nodules detected by multi-slice CT (MSCT) were prospectively enrolled in the present study between November 2016 and February 2017. Chest MRI was acquired within 24\u2009h of CT. The MRI protocol included free-breathing radial VIBE (r-VIBE) and a conventional breathhold T1-weighted VIBE (C-VIBE) were analyzed by two independent radiologists. Both detection and morphology results of each MRI image were recorded. Subjective image evaluation in terms of overall nodule morphology on the MRI images was carried out using the 4-point scoring criteria. The MRI results were compared with those from CT, with the results of MSCT serving as the reference standard.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n<jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Two hundred and fifty-eight solid pulmonary nodules in 42 patients were detected by CT. The r-VIBE correctly detected 94% of the pulmonary nodules as compared with CT. The detection rate increased to 100% for lesions \u22656\u2009mm. The C-VIBE had a lower overall detection rate (64.3%) of pulmonary nodules. The difference in the subjective image evaluation scores between the two sequences was statistically significant (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001).<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n<jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Significantly increased detection rates were obtained with free-breathing r-VIBE as compared with C-VIBE for the detection of pulmonary nodules and also provided more information when evaluating the nodules as compared with C-VIBE.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s12880-020-00451-w","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,20]],"date-time":"2020-05-20T06:02:57Z","timestamp":1589954577000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Feasibility of pulmonary MRI for nodule detection in comparison to computed tomography"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"20","author":[{"given":"Nan","family":"Yu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chuangbo","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Guangming","family":"Ma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shan","family":"Dang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhanli","family":"Ren","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shaoyu","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yong","family":"Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"451_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1257","DOI":"10.1007\/s00259-015-3050-5","volume":"42","author":"B Schaarschmidt","year":"2015","unstructured":"Schaarschmidt B, Buchbender C, Gomez B, Rubbert C, Hild F, K\u00f6hler J, et al. Thoracic staging of non-small-cell lung cancer using integrated (18) F-FDG PET\/MR imaging: diagnostic value of different MR sequences. Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging. 2015;42:1257\u201367.","journal-title":"Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging"},{"key":"451_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1353","DOI":"10.1002\/jmri.22383","volume":"32","author":"JC Sieren","year":"2010","unstructured":"Sieren JC, Ohno Y, Koyama H, Sugimura K, McLennan G. Recent technological and application developments in computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging for improved pulmonary nodule detection and lung cancer staging. J Magn Reson Imaging. 2010;32:1353\u201369.","journal-title":"J Magn Reson Imaging"},{"key":"451_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"125","DOI":"10.1102\/1470-7330.2008.0018","volume":"8","author":"J Biederer","year":"2008","unstructured":"Biederer J, Hintze C, Fabel M. MRI of pulmonary nodules technique and diagnostic value. Cancer Imaging. 2008;8:125\u201330.","journal-title":"Cancer Imaging"},{"key":"451_CR4","first-page":"344","volume":"18","author":"M Wielp\u00fctz","year":"2012","unstructured":"Wielp\u00fctz M, Kauczor HU. MRI of the lung: state of the art. Diagn Interv Radiol. 2012;18:344\u201353.","journal-title":"Diagn Interv Radiol"},{"issue":"3","key":"451_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e175","DOI":"10.1016\/j.prro.2016.10.008","volume":"7","author":"S Kumar","year":"2017","unstructured":"Kumar S, Rai R, Moses D, Choong C, Holloway L, Vinod SK, Liney G. MRI in radiotherapy for lung Cancer: a free breathing protocol at 3T. Pract Radiat Oncol. 2017;7(3):e175\u201383.","journal-title":"Pract Radiat Oncol"},{"issue":"1060","key":"451_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"20150431","DOI":"10.1259\/bjr.20150431","volume":"89","author":"S Kumar","year":"2016","unstructured":"Kumar S, Liney G, Rai R, Holloway L, Moses D, Vinod SK. Magnetic resonance imaging in lung: a review of its potential for radiotherapy. Br J Radiol. 2016;89(1060):20150431.","journal-title":"Br J Radiol"},{"issue":"2","key":"451_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"512","DOI":"10.1002\/jmri.25008","volume":"43","author":"Y Ohno","year":"2016","unstructured":"Ohno Y, Koyama H, Yoshikawa T, Seki S, Takenaka D, Yui M, Lu A, Miyazaki M, Sugimura K. Pulmonary high-resolution ultra-short TE MR imaging: comparison with thin-section standard and low-dose computed tomography for the assessment of pulmonary parenchyma diseases. J Magn Reson Imaging. 2016;43(2):512\u201332.","journal-title":"J Magn Reson Imaging"},{"issue":"1","key":"451_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.1007\/s00432-017-2521-4","volume":"144","author":"M Meier-Schroers","year":"2018","unstructured":"Meier-Schroers M, Homsi R, Skowasch D, Buermann J, Zipfel M, Schild HH, Thomas D. Lung cancer screening with MRI: results of the first screening round. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol. 2018;144(1):117\u201325.","journal-title":"J Cancer Res Clin Oncol"},{"key":"451_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"475","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.2272020635","volume":"227","author":"J Biederer","year":"2003","unstructured":"Biederer J, Schoene A, Freitag S, Reuter M, Heller M. Simulated pulmonary nodules implanted in a dedicated porcine chest phantom: sensitivity of MR imaging for detection. Radiology. 2003;227:475\u201383.","journal-title":"Radiology."},{"key":"451_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0156272","volume":"11","author":"A Cieszanowski","year":"2016","unstructured":"Cieszanowski A, Lisowska A, Dabrowska M, Korczynski P, Zukowska M, Grudzinski IP, Pacho R, Rowinski O, Krenke R. MR imaging of pulmonary nodules: detection rate and accuracy of size estimation in comparison to computed tomography. PLoS One. 2016;11:e0156272.","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"451_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"707","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejrad.2015.12.016","volume":"85","author":"M Meier-Schroers","year":"2016","unstructured":"Meier-Schroers M, Kukuk G, Homsi R, Skowasch D, Schild HH, Thomas D. MRI of the lung using the PROPELLER technique: Artifact reduction, better image quality and improved nodule detection. Eur J Radiol. 2016;85:707\u201313.","journal-title":"Eur J Radiol"},{"key":"451_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"193","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejrad.2015.11.020","volume":"85","author":"P Dewes","year":"2016","unstructured":"Dewes P, Frellesen C, Al-Butmeh F, Albrecht MH, Scholtz J-E, Metzger SC, Lehnert T, Vogl TJ, Wichmann JL. Comparative evaluation of non-contrast CAIPIRINHA-VIBE 3T-MRI and multidetector CT for detection of pulmonary nodules: In vivo evaluation of diagnostic accuracy and image quality. Eur J Radiol. 2016;85:193.","journal-title":"Eur J Radiol"},{"key":"451_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"138","DOI":"10.1097\/RTI.0b013e31828d4234","volume":"28","author":"H Koyama","year":"2013","unstructured":"Koyama H, Ohno Y, Seki S, Nishio M, Yoshikawa T, Matsumoto S, Sugimura K. Magnetic resonance imaging for lung cancer. J Thorac Imaging. 2013;28:138\u201350.","journal-title":"J Thorac Imaging"},{"key":"451_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"650","DOI":"10.2214\/AJR.10.5881","volume":"197","author":"RM Azevedo","year":"2011","unstructured":"Azevedo RM, de Campos RO, Ramalho M, Her\u00e9dia V, Dale BM, Semelka RC. Free-breathing 3D T1-weighted gradient-echo sequence with radial data sampling in abdominal MRI: preliminary observations. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 2011;197:650\u20137.","journal-title":"AJR Am J Roentgenol"},{"key":"451_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"648","DOI":"10.1097\/RLI.0b013e31821eea45","volume":"46","author":"H Chandarana","year":"2011","unstructured":"Chandarana H, Block TK, Rosenkrantz AB, Lim RP, Kim D, Mossa DJ, Babb JS, Kiefer B, Lee VS. Free-breathing radial 3D fat-suppressed T1-weighted gradient echo sequence: a viable alternative for contrast-enhanced liver imaging in patients unable to suspend respiration. Investig Radiol. 2011;46:648\u201353.","journal-title":"Investig Radiol"},{"key":"451_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1572","DOI":"10.1002\/jmri.24064","volume":"38","author":"S Bamrungchart","year":"2013","unstructured":"Bamrungchart S, Tantaway EM, Midia EC, Hernandes MA, Srirattanapong S, Dale BM, Semelka RC. Free breathing threedimensional gradient echo-sequence with radial data sampling (radial 3D-GRE) examination of the pancreas: comparison with standard 3D-GRE volumetric interpolated breathhold examination (VIBE). J Magn Reson Imaging. 2013;38:1572\u20137.","journal-title":"J Magn Reson Imaging"},{"key":"451_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.1097\/RLI.0b013e318271869c","volume":"48","author":"H Chandarana","year":"2013","unstructured":"Chandarana H, Feng L, Block TK, Rosenkrantz AB, Lim RP, Babb JS, Sodickson DK, Otazo R. Free-breathing contrast-enhanced multiphase MRI of the liver using a combination of compressed sensing, parallel imaging, and golden-angle radial sampling. Investig Radiol. 2013;48:10\u20136.","journal-title":"Investig Radiol"},{"key":"451_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"320","DOI":"10.1007\/s00330-013-3026-4","volume":"24","author":"H Chandarana","year":"2014","unstructured":"Chandarana H, Block KT, Winfeld MJ, Lala SV, Mazori D, Giuffrida E, Babb JS, Milla SS. Free-breathing contrast-enhanced T1-weighted gradient-echo imaging with radial k-space sampling for paediatricabdominopelvic MRI. Eur Radiol. 2014;24:320\u20136.","journal-title":"Eur Radiol"},{"key":"451_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"666","DOI":"10.1097\/RLI.0000000000000070","volume":"49","author":"KL Wright","year":"2014","unstructured":"Wright KL, Chen Y, Saybasili H, Griswold MA, Seiberlich N, Gulani V. Quantitative high-resolution renal perfusion imaging using 3-dimensional through-time radial generalized autocalibrating partially parallel acquisition. Investig Radiol. 2014;49:666\u201374.","journal-title":"Investig Radiol"},{"issue":"1080","key":"451_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"20170037","DOI":"10.1259\/bjr.20170037","volume":"90","author":"S Kumar","year":"2017","unstructured":"Kumar S, Rai R, Stemmer A, Josan S, Holloway L, Vinod S, Moses D, Liney G. Feasibility of free breathing Lung MRI for Radiotherapy using non-Cartesian k-space acquisition schemes. Br J Radiol. 2017;90(1080):20170037.","journal-title":"Br J Radiol"},{"key":"451_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"707","DOI":"10.4329\/wjr.v8.i7.707","volume":"8","author":"S Yedururi","year":"2016","unstructured":"Yedururi S, Kang HC, Wei W, Wagner-Bartak NA, Marcal LP, Stafford RJ, Willis BJ, Szklaruk J. Free-breathing radial volumetric interpolated breath-hold examination vs breath-hold cartesian volumetric interpolated breath-hold examination magnetic resonance imaging of the liver at 1.5T. World J Radiol. 2016;8:707\u201315.","journal-title":"World J Radiol"},{"issue":"3","key":"451_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"874","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.13130620","volume":"268","author":"H Chandarana","year":"2013","unstructured":"Chandarana H, Heacock L, Rakheja R, DeMello LR, Bonavita J, Block TK, Geppert C, Babb JS, Friedman KP. Pulmonary nodules in patients with primary malignancy: comparison of hybrid PET\/MR and PET\/CT imaging. Radiology. 2013;268(3):874\u201381.","journal-title":"Radiology."}],"container-title":["BMC Medical Imaging"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12880-020-00451-w.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s12880-020-00451-w\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12880-020-00451-w.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,20]],"date-time":"2021-05-20T07:18:56Z","timestamp":1621495136000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/bmcmedimaging.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/s12880-020-00451-w"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,20]]},"references-count":22,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,12]]}},"alternative-id":["451"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12880-020-00451-w","relation":{},"ISSN":["1471-2342"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1471-2342","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,20]]},"assertion":[{"value":"18 October 2019","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"7 May 2020","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"20 May 2020","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"All procedures performed in studies involving human participants were in accordance.with the ethical standards of the institutional and\/or national research committee and.with the 1964 Helsinki declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical.standards. The present study was approved by the institutional review board of affiliated hospital of Shaanxi university of Chinese medicine, and all participating patients signed an informed consent.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare that they have no competing interests.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"53"}}