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DWI data were obtained using a q-space Cartesian grid sampling procedure and were processed to generate parametric maps by fitting the NODDI, MAP-MRI, DKI, DTI and DWI models. The diffusion metrics of the contrast-enhancing tumor and peritumoral edema were measured. Differences in the diffusion metrics were compared between HGGs and SBMs, followed by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis and the Hanley and McNeill test to determine their diagnostic performances.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n<jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>NODDI-based isotropic volume fraction (V<jats:sub>iso<\/jats:sub>) and orientation dispersion index (ODI); MAP-MRI-based mean-squared displacement (MSD) and q-space inverse variance (QIV); DKI-generated radial, mean diffusivity and fractional anisotropy (RD<jats:sub>k<\/jats:sub>, MD<jats:sub>k<\/jats:sub> and FA<jats:sub>k<\/jats:sub>); and DTI-generated radial, mean diffusivity and fractional anisotropy (RD, MD and FA) of the contrast-enhancing tumor were significantly different between HGGs and SBMs (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.05). The best single discriminative parameters of each model were V<jats:sub>iso<\/jats:sub>, MSD, RD<jats:sub>k<\/jats:sub> and RD for NODDI, MAP-MRI, DKI and DTI, respectively. The AUC of V<jats:sub>iso<\/jats:sub> (0.871) was significantly higher than that of MSD (0.736), RD<jats:sub>k<\/jats:sub> (0.760) and RD (0.733) (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.05).<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n<jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>NODDI outperforms MAP-MRI, DKI, DTI and DWI in differentiating between HGGs and SBMs. NODDI-based V<jats:sub>iso<\/jats:sub> has the highest performance.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s12880-020-00524-w","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,23]],"date-time":"2020-11-23T20:03:53Z","timestamp":1606161833000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":38,"title":["Differentiation between high-grade gliomas and solitary brain metastases: a comparison of five diffusion-weighted MRI models"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"20","author":[{"given":"Jiaji","family":"Mao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Weike","family":"Zeng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Qinyuan","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Zehong","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Xu","family":"Yan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Huiting","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Mengzhu","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Guang","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Minxiong","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7746-5285","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jun","family":"Shen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,23]]},"reference":[{"issue":"suppl_4","key":"524_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"iv1","DOI":"10.1093\/neuonc\/noy131","volume":"20","author":"QT Ostrom","year":"2018","unstructured":"Ostrom QT, Gittleman H, Truitt G, Boscia A, Kruchko C, Barnholtz-Sloan JS. 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