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However, data on the clinical role of RFA for benign thyroid nodules in patients with history of thyroid lobectomy are insufficient. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of radiofrequency ablation (RFA) for benign thyroid nodules in patients who had previously undergoing thyroid lobectomy.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>From May 2015 to October 2018, a total of 20 patients (19 females, 1 male, mean age 49.50\u2009\u00b1\u200914.26\u00a0years, range 22\u201374\u00a0years) with 20 benign thyroid nodules (mean volume 15.04\u2009\u00b1\u200921.17\u00a0ml, range 0.40\u201369.67\u00a0ml) who had undergone previous thyroid lobectomy were included in this retrospective study. Patients were followed up at 3, 6, 12\u00a0months after RFA and every 12\u00a0months thereafter by ultrasound, clinical evaluation and thyroid function. Volume, volume reduction rate (VRR), symptom score and cosmetic score were evaluated.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>During the mean follow-up time of 21.24\u2009\u00b1\u200916.41\u00a0months, the mean nodule volume decreased significantly from 15.04\u2009\u00b1\u200921.17\u00a0ml to 1.29\u2009\u00b1\u20091.17\u00a0ml (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.018) with a mean VRR of 85.41\u2009\u00b1\u200912.17%. Therapeutic success was achieved in a single session for all thyroid nodules. The symptom score (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.001) and cosmetic score (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.001) were both significantly reduced at the last follow-up. The levels of free triiodothyronine (fT3), free thyroxine (fT4) and thyroid stimulating hormone were not significantly different at the last follow-up from those prior to treatment (all<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&gt;\u20090.05). No life-threatening complications or sequelae occurred after RFA.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>As a minimally invasive modality, RFA was a safe, effective, and thyroid function-preserving option for patients with symptomatic benign thyroid nodules after a previous lobectomy.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s12880-021-00577-5","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,11]],"date-time":"2021-03-11T11:03:13Z","timestamp":1615460593000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Efficacy and safety of radiofrequency ablation for benign thyroid nodules in patients with previous thyroid lobectomy"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"21","author":[{"given":"Lin","family":"Yan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Mingbo","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Fang","family":"Xie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Jun","family":"Ma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Jing","family":"Xiao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Yukun","family":"Luo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,11]]},"reference":[{"issue":"5 Suppl","key":"577_CR1","first-page":"1","volume":"33","author":"H Gharib","year":"2010","unstructured":"Gharib H, Papini E, Paschke R, Duick DS, Valcavi R, Hegedus L, et al. 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All the patients were provided written information consent before RFA. All the methods were performed in accordance with the relevant guidelines and regulations.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare that they have no competing interests.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"47"}}