{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,27]],"date-time":"2026-02-27T04:14:44Z","timestamp":1772165684209,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":14,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,31]],"date-time":"2021-07-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1627689600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,31]],"date-time":"2021-07-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1627689600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"name":"SPS KAKENHI","award":["JP16K11354"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["JP16K11354"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BMC Med Imaging"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Our group previously proved that the human enteric nervous system can be visualized with confocal laser endomicroscopy after topical application of cresyl violet using surgically resected intestine specimens. The present report documents the first in vivo visualization of the human enteric nervous system with confocal laser endomicroscopy using local cresyl violet staining. The aim of this study was to evaluate the technical feasibility and clinical efficiency of confocal laser endomicroscopy in patients with Hirschsprung\u2019s disease and allied disorders in vivo.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Confocal laser endomicroscopy was performed in vivo in two patients to confirm the presence of the enteric nervous system during surgery in patients with Hirschsprung\u2019s disease and allied disorders. Cresyl violet was gently injected from the serosal side into the muscular layer of the intestine, and scanning was performed within 30\u00a0min. Then, the scanned intestines were resected, and the visualized area of the specimens was pathologically evaluated.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The ganglion cell nuclei and the enteric nervous system network were clearly visualized intraoperatively in both cases. The morphological findings were similar to the pathological findings of the enteric nervous system in both cases although the period of visibility was brief.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study demonstrated the first, real-time observation of the enteric nervous system in humans using confocal laser endomicroscopy and suggest the potential to identify the enteric nervous system intra-operatively during surgery for Hirschsprung\u2019s disease and allied disorders.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s12880-021-00648-7","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,31]],"date-time":"2021-07-31T08:02:32Z","timestamp":1627718552000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Visualization of the human enteric nervous system by probe confocal laser endomicroscopy: a first real-time observation of Hirschsprung\u2019s disease and allied disorders"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"21","author":[{"given":"Atsushi","family":"Harada","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5949-260X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Naoki","family":"Shimojima","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Masakuni","family":"Kobayashi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shunsuke","family":"Kamba","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Seiichi","family":"Hirobe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kazuki","family":"Sumiyama","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,31]]},"reference":[{"key":"648_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e13805","DOI":"10.1111\/nmo.13805","volume":"32","author":"N Shimojima","year":"2020","unstructured":"Shimojima N, Kobayashi M, Kamba S, Harada A, Hirobe S, Ieiri S, Kuroda T, Sumiyama K. Visualization of the human enteric nervous system by confocal laser endomicroscopy in Hirschsprung\u2019s disease: an alternative to intraoperative histopathological diagnosis? Neurogastroenterol Motil. 2020;32:e13805.","journal-title":"Neurogastroenterol Motil"},{"key":"648_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1604","DOI":"10.1111\/jgh.13754","volume":"32","author":"M Kobayashi","year":"2017","unstructured":"Kobayashi M, Sumiyama K, Shimojima N, Ieiri S, Okano H, Kamba S, Fujimura T, Hirobe S, Kuroda T, Takahashi-Fujigasaki J. Technical feasibility of visualizing myenteric plexus using confocal laser endomicroscopy. J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2017;32:1604\u201310.","journal-title":"J Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"key":"648_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1152","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2012.09.001","volume":"143","author":"K Sumiyama","year":"2012","unstructured":"Sumiyama K, Kiesslich R, Ohya TR, Goetz M, Tajiri H. 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