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Skeletal muscle lymphoma is a rare form of DLBCL, most frequently affecting the thigh, upper extremities, calf, and pelvis.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Case presentation<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>We report a case of skeletal muscle DLBCL that was diagnosed using ultrasound (US)-guided biopsy. A 70-year-old man presented with progressive swelling and pain in the left lower extremity and an elevated erythrocyte sedimentation\u00a0rate (ESR) and serum C-reactive protein (CRP), ferritin, and CA125 levels. US, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and computed tomography (CT) showed diffuse lesions in several muscles of the left lower extremity. Positron emission tomography\/CT (PET\/CT) showed FDG-uptake in the affected muscles. The patient was treated with chemotherapy and achieved a good response. A systematic review of the literature published between 1992 and 2019 was conducted to investigate the role of imaging, including imaging-guided biopsy, in the diagnosis of skeletal muscle lymphoma.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Skeletal muscle lymphoma is rare. US and MRI features include enlargement of muscular structures, with preservation of the architecture of the tissue and surrounding anatomical structures. Definitive diagnosis relies on histological and immunohistological analysis of a sample obtained through imaging-guided biopsy.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s12880-021-00667-4","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,26]],"date-time":"2021-09-26T16:06:20Z","timestamp":1632672380000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["Imaging features of skeletal muscle lymphoma: a case report and literature review"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"21","author":[{"given":"Shuxi","family":"Gao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hong","family":"Shu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hua","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"667_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"252","DOI":"10.1002\/1097-0142(197201)29:1<252::AID-CNCR2820290138>3.0.CO;2-#","volume":"29","author":"C Freeman","year":"1972","unstructured":"Freeman C, Berg JW, Cutler SJ. 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All procedures were performed in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional and\/or national research committee and with the 1964 Helsinki declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards. Written informed consent was obtained from the patient.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Written informed consent for publication of this case report was obtained from the patient.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent to publish"}},{"value":"The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"136"}}