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The scan time of CS TOF-MRA was 5\u00a0min and 4\u00a0s, with a reconstructed resolution of 0.4\u2009\u00d7\u20090.4\u2009\u00d7\u20090.4\u00a0mm<jats:sup>3<\/jats:sup>. Visualization of superficial temporal artery and middle cerebral artery (STA\u2013MCA) bypass, neovascularization into the brain pial surface and Moyamoya vessels (MMVs) were independently ranked by two neuroradiologists on CS TOF-MRA and CTA, respectively. The patency of anastomosis was assessed as patent or occluded, using digital subtraction angiography and expert\u2019s consensus as ground truth. Interobserver agreement was calculated using the weighted kappa statistic. Wilcoxon signed-rank or Chi-square test was performed to investigate diagnostic difference between CS TOF-MRA and CTA.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Twenty-two hemispheres from 20 patients were analyzed. The inter-reader agreement for evaluating STA\u2013MCA bypass, neovascularization and anastomosis patency was good to excellent (<jats:italic>\u03ba<\/jats:italic><jats:sub>CS TOF-MRA<\/jats:sub>, 0.738\u20131.000; <jats:italic>\u03ba<\/jats:italic><jats:sub>CTA<\/jats:sub>, 0.743\u20130.909). The STA\u2013MCA bypass and MMVs were better visualized on CS TOF-MRA than CTA (both <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.05). CS TOF-MRA had a higher sensitivity than CTA (94.7% vs. 73.7%) for visualizing anastomoses. Neovascularization was better observed in 13 (59.1%) sides on CS TOF-MRA, in comparison to 7 (31.8%) sides on CTA images (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.005).<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>High-resolution CS TOF-MRA outperforms CTA for visualization of STA\u2013MCA bypass, neovascularization and MMVs within a clinically reasonable time in MMD patients after revascularization.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s12880-022-00790-w","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,7]],"date-time":"2022-04-07T02:02:31Z","timestamp":1649296951000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["High-resolution compressed sensing time-of-flight MR angiography outperforms CT angiography for evaluating patients with Moyamoya disease after surgical revascularization"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"22","author":[{"given":"Shujing","family":"Ren","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wei","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chunqiu","family":"Su","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qianmiao","family":"Zhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michaela","family":"Schmidt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yi","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christoph","family":"Forman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peter","family":"Speier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xunning","family":"Hong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shanshan","family":"Lu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"790_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Guidelines for diagnosis and treatment of Moyamoya disease (spontaneous occlusion of the circle of willis). 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Informed consent was obtained from all the patients. For children below 16\u00a0years old, the informed consent was obtained from their parents for study participation. All methods in this study were performed in accordance with the relevant guidelines and regulations.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"Authors Yi Sun, Michaela Schmidt, Christoph Forman, and Peter Speier are employees of Siemens Healthcare. The remaining authors of this manuscript declare no relationships with any companies whose products or services may be related to the subject matter of the article.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"64"}}