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The intratumoral regions of interest were segmented semiautomatically, and radiomics features were extracted from the intratumoral and peritumoral regions. After feature selection by ANOVA, Max-Relevance and Min-Redundancy (mRMR) and Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator (Lasso) regression, a random forest (RF) model was generated. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis was calculated to evaluate each classification. Shapley additive explanations (SHAP) was applied to interpret the radiomics features.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>In this study, 241 patients including atypical adenomatous hyperplasia (AAH) or adenocarcinoma in situ (AIS) (n\u2009=\u200972), minimally invasive adenocarcinoma (MIA) (n\u2009=\u200983) and invasive adenocarcinoma (IAC) (n\u2009=\u200986) were selected for radiomics analysis. Three intratumoral radiomics features and one peritumoral feature were finally identified by the triple RF classifier with an average area under the curve (AUC) of 0.960 (0.963 for AAH\/AIS, 0.940 for MIA, 0.978 for IAC) in the training set and 0.944 (0.955 for AAH\/AIS, 0.952 for MIA, 0.926 for IAC) in the testing set for evaluation of the GGNs.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>The triple classification based on intra- and peritumoral radiomics features derived from the noncontrast CT images had satisfactory performance and may be used as a noninvasive tool for preoperative evaluation of the pure ground-glass nodules and developing of individualized treatment strategies.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s12880-022-00862-x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,29]],"date-time":"2022-07-29T18:15:53Z","timestamp":1659118553000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["A triple-classification for the evaluation of lung nodules manifesting as pure ground-glass sign: a CT-based radiomic analysis"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"22","author":[{"given":"Ziyang","family":"Yu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chenxi","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ying","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Fengying","family":"Ji","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"862_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"838","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2407-14-838","volume":"14","author":"J Cho","year":"2014","unstructured":"Cho J, et al. 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This study was a retrospective study and was approved by the ethics committee of the First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University (No.: 2020-097). Institutional Review Board approval was obtained. Written informed consent was waived by the Institutional Review Board. The requirement for informed consent was waived by the ethics committee of the First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethical approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not Applicable.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors of this manuscript declare no relationships with any companies, whose products or services may be related to the subject matter of the article. The manuscript has not been published in any other journal.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"133"}}