{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,29]],"date-time":"2026-06-29T23:42:42Z","timestamp":1782776562300,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,28]],"date-time":"2023-03-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1679961600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,28]],"date-time":"2023-03-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1679961600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BMC Med Imaging"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>The aim of the study is to determine the distribution, location, diameter, and distance measurements of Canalis Sinusosus (CS) in relation with age and sex.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>300 Cone-Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT) images were evaluated. The distance between CS and nasal cavity floor (NCF), buccal cortical bone margin (BCM), alveolar ridge (AR), respectively.The presence of CS smaller than 1\u00a0mm, and the diameter of CS larger than 1\u00a0mm were determined. Accessory canals (AC) were classified according to their position relative to the teeth.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>435 CS with a diameter of at least 1\u00a0mm and 142 CS\u2009&lt;\u20091\u00a0mm were identified. The most frequently observed location of CS was the region of the right central incisors. The mean diameter of the canals ( CS\u2009\u2265\u20091) was 1.31\u2009\u00b1\u20090.19 on the right side and 1.29\u2009\u00b1\u20090.17 on the left side. No gender differences were found in canal diameter were observed (p\u2009&gt;\u20090.05). There was no significant difference between men and women in the distance between CS and the NCF on the right side, and a significant difference was found in the distance of CS-NCF on the left side (p\u2009=\u20090.047). There were no significant differences between age groups in all parameters.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>CBCT is a useful tool for identifying CS. Location and diameter of ACs could not be associated with a specific age group or sex.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s12880-023-01000-x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,28]],"date-time":"2023-03-28T08:07:22Z","timestamp":1679990842000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Assessment of Canalis Sinuosus located in maxillary anterior region by using cone beam computed tomography: a retrospective study"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"23","author":[{"given":"Ercin","family":"Samunahmetoglu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mehmet Hakan","family":"Kurt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"1000_CR1","first-page":"583","volume":"73","author":"FW Jones","year":"1939","unstructured":"Jones FW. The anterior superior alveolar nerve and vessels. J Anat. 1939;73:583\u201391.","journal-title":"J Anat"},{"key":"1000_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aanat.2017.07.006","volume":"214","author":"MC Rusu","year":"2017","unstructured":"Rusu MC, S\u0103ndulescu M, Bichir C, Muntianu LAS. Combined anatomical variations: the mylohyoid bridge, retromolar canal and accessory palatine canals branched from the canalis sinuosus. Ann Anat. 2017;214:75\u20139.","journal-title":"Ann Anat"},{"key":"1000_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"545","DOI":"10.1016\/j.oooo.2018.12.017","volume":"127","author":"R Ferlin","year":"2019","unstructured":"Ferlin R, Pagin BSC, Yaed\u00fa RYF. Canalis sinuosus: a systematic review of the literature. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol. 2019;127:545\u201351.","journal-title":"Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol"},{"key":"1000_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.5624\/isd.2017.47.2.69","volume":"47","author":"G Gurler","year":"2017","unstructured":"Gurler G, Delilbasi C, Ogut EE, Aydin K, Sakul U. Evaluation of the morphology of the canalis sinuosus using cone-beam computed tomography in patients with maxillary impacted canines. Imaging Sci Dent. 2017;47:69\u201374.","journal-title":"Imaging Sci Dent"},{"key":"1000_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1044","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0501.2012.02497.x","volume":"24","author":"C de Oliveira-Santos","year":"2013","unstructured":"de Oliveira-Santos C, Rubira-Bullen IR, Monteiro SA, Le\u00f3n JE, Jacobs R. Neurovascular anatomical variations in the anterior palate observed on CBCT images. Clin Oral Implants Res. 2013;24:1044\u20138.","journal-title":"Clin Oral Implants Res"},{"key":"1000_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1007\/s10006-014-0450-9","volume":"19","author":"AM Wanzeler","year":"2015","unstructured":"Wanzeler AM, Marinho CG, Alves Junior SM, Manzi FR, Tuji FM. Anatomical study of the canalis sinuosus in 100 cone beam computed tomography examinations. Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2015;19:49\u201353.","journal-title":"Oral Maxillofac Surg"},{"key":"1000_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2017\/4810123","author":"JA Arruda","year":"2017","unstructured":"Arruda JA, Silva P, Silva L, et al. Dental implant in the canalis sinuosus: a case report and review of the literature. Case Rep Dent. 2017. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1155\/2017\/4810123.","journal-title":"Case Rep Dent"},{"key":"1000_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"von Arx T, Lozanoff S. Clinical Oral Anatomy: A Comprehensive Review for Dental Practitioners and Researchers. 1st ed. Springer; 2017.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-41993-0"},{"key":"1000_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1586","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijom.2016.09.007","volume":"45","author":"VC Machado","year":"2016","unstructured":"Machado VC, Chrcanovic BR, Felippe MB, Manh\u00e3es J\u00fanior LR, de Carvalho PS. Assessment of accessory canals of the canalis sinuosus: a study of 1000 cone beam computed tomography examinations. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2016;45:1586\u201391.","journal-title":"Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg"},{"key":"1000_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"378","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bdj.4800116","volume":"186","author":"AM Shelley","year":"1999","unstructured":"Shelley AM, Rushton VE, Horner K. Canalis sinuosus mimicking a periapical inflammatory lesion. Br Dent J. 1999;186:378\u20139.","journal-title":"Br Dent J"},{"key":"1000_CR11","first-page":"947","volume":"52","author":"M V\u00e2lcu","year":"2011","unstructured":"V\u00e2lcu M, Rusu MC, Sendroiu VM, Didilescu AC. The lateral incisive canals of the adult hard palate\u2013aberrant anatomy of a minor form of clefting? Rom J Morphol Embryol. 2011;52:947\u20139.","journal-title":"Rom J Morphol Embryol"},{"key":"1000_CR12","first-page":"75","volume":"72","author":"WC Scarfe","year":"2006","unstructured":"Scarfe WC, Farman AG, Sukovic P. Clinical applications of cone-beam computed tomography in dental practice. J Can Dent Assoc. 2006;72:75\u201380.","journal-title":"J Can Dent Assoc"},{"key":"1000_CR13","first-page":"57","volume":"9","author":"M Moshfeghi","year":"2012","unstructured":"Moshfeghi M, Tavakoli MA, Hosseini ET, Hosseini AT, Hosseini IT. Analysis of linear measurement accuracy obtained by cone beam computed tomography (CBCT-NewTom VG). Dent Res J. 2012;9:57\u201362.","journal-title":"Dent Res J"},{"key":"1000_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2017\/5969643","author":"SJJ McCrea","year":"2017","unstructured":"McCrea SJJ. Aberrations causing neurovascular damage in the anterior maxilla during dental implant placement. Case Rep Dent. 2017. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1155\/2017\/5969643.","journal-title":"Case Rep Dent"},{"key":"1000_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2019\/3462794","author":"R Volberg","year":"2019","unstructured":"Volberg R, Mordanov O. Canalis sinuosus damage after immediate dental implant placement in the Esthetic zone. Case Rep Dent. 2019. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1155\/2019\/3462794.","journal-title":"Case Rep Dent"},{"key":"1000_CR16","first-page":"48","volume":"3","author":"E Kose","year":"2014","unstructured":"Kose E, Sekerc\u0131 AE, Soylu E, Nazl\u0131m S. An Extremely Rare Anatomical Variation Bilateral Canalis Sinuosus And Nasopalatine Duct Cyst And Role of CBCT in diagnosis. Int J Sci Res. 2014;3:48\u201350.","journal-title":"Int J Sci Res"},{"key":"1000_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"560","DOI":"10.1016\/j.prosdent.2020.05.028","volume":"126","author":"T Shan","year":"2021","unstructured":"Shan T, Qu Y, Huang X, Gu L. Cone beam computed tomography analysis of accessory canals of the canalis sinuosus: a prevalent but often overlooked anatomical variation in the anterior maxilla. J Prosthet Dent. 2021;126:560\u20138.","journal-title":"J Prosthet Dent"},{"key":"1000_CR18","first-page":"223","volume":"32","author":"A Macalister","year":"1898","unstructured":"Macalister A. The apertura pyriformis. J Anat Physiol. 1898;32:223\u201330.","journal-title":"J Anat Physiol"},{"key":"1000_CR19","unstructured":"Standring S. Gray\u2019s Anatomy, 41th ed. Elsevier; 2016."},{"key":"1000_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"852","DOI":"10.4067\/S0717-95022019000300852","volume":"37","author":"GP Baena-Caldas","year":"2019","unstructured":"Baena-Caldas GP, Rengifo-Miranda HL, Herrera-Rubio AM, Peckham X, Z\u00fa\u00f1iga JR. Frequency of canalis sinuosus and its anatomic variations in cone beam computed tomography images. Int J Morphol. 2019;37:852\u20137.","journal-title":"Int J Morphol"},{"key":"1000_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1007\/s00276-019-02352-2","volume":"42","author":"R Aoki","year":"2020","unstructured":"Aoki R, Massuda M, Zenni LTV, Fernandes KS. Canalis sinuosus: anatomical variation or structure? Surg Radiol Anat. 2020;42:69\u201374.","journal-title":"Surg Radiol Anat"},{"key":"1000_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/medicina56120713","author":"D Kachl\u00edk","year":"2020","unstructured":"Kachl\u00edk D, Varga I, B\u00e1\u010da V, Musil V. Variant anatomy and its terminology. Medicina (Kaunas). 2020. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/medicina56120713.","journal-title":"Medicina (Kaunas)"},{"key":"1000_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"118","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijom.2022.06.011","volume":"52","author":"OB de Oliveira-Neto","year":"2023","unstructured":"de Oliveira-Neto OB, Barbosa FT, de Lima FJC, de Sousa-Rodrigues CF. Prevalence of canalis sinuosus and accessory canals of canalis sinuosus on cone beam computed tomography: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2023;52:118\u201331.","journal-title":"Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg"},{"key":"1000_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"783","DOI":"10.1007\/s00276-013-1110-8","volume":"35","author":"T von Arx","year":"2013","unstructured":"von Arx T, Lozanoff S, Sendi P, Bornstein MM. Assessment of bone channels other than the nasopalatine canal in the anterior maxilla using limited cone beam computed tomography. Surg Radiol Anat. 2013;35:783\u201390.","journal-title":"Surg Radiol Anat"},{"key":"1000_CR25","first-page":"165","volume-title":"Cone beam computed tomography","author":"WC Scarfe","year":"2019","unstructured":"Scarfe WC. White and pharoah\u2019s oral and radiology: principles and interpretation. In: Mallya SM, Lam EWN, editors. Cone beam computed tomography, vol. Preparation. 8th ed. St Louise: Elsevier; 2019. p. 165\u201380.","edition":"8"},{"key":"1000_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"189","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0501.2010.02000.x","volume":"22","author":"A Temmerman","year":"2011","unstructured":"Temmerman A, Hertel\u00e9 S, Teughels W, Dekeyser C, Jacobs R, Quirynen M. Are panoramic images reliable in planning sinus augmentation procedures? Clin Oral Implants Res. 2011;22:189\u201394.","journal-title":"Clin Oral Implants Res"},{"key":"1000_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"551","DOI":"10.5603\/FM.a2018.0003","volume":"77","author":"K Orhan","year":"2018","unstructured":"Orhan K, Gorurgoz C, Akyol M, Ozarslanturk S, Avsever H. An anatomical variant: evaluation of accessory canals of the canalis sinuosus using cone beam computed tomography. Folia Morphol. 2018;77:551\u20137.","journal-title":"Folia Morphol"},{"key":"1000_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2019\/2453469","author":"A Anatoly","year":"2019","unstructured":"Anatoly A, Sedov Y, Gvozdikova E, et al. Radiological and morphometric features of canalis sinuosus in russian population: cone-beam computed tomography study. Int J Dent. 2019. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1155\/2019\/2453469.","journal-title":"Int J Dent"},{"key":"1000_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"181","DOI":"10.1007\/s00276-014-1303-9","volume":"37","author":"AE Sekerci","year":"2015","unstructured":"Sekerci AE, Cantekin K, Aydinbelge M. Cone beam computed tomographic analysis of neurovascular anatomical variations other than the nasopalatine canal in the anterior maxilla in a pediatric population. Surg Radiol Anat. 2015;37:181\u20136.","journal-title":"Surg Radiol Anat"},{"key":"1000_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3205\/000261","author":"AO Ghandourah","year":"2017","unstructured":"Ghandourah AO, Rashad A, Heiland M, Hamzi BM, Friedrich RE. Cone-beam tomographic analysis of canalis sinuosus accessory intraosseous canals in the maxilla. Ger Med Sci. 2017. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3205\/000261.","journal-title":"Ger Med Sci"},{"key":"1000_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"124","DOI":"10.4317\/medoral.23235","volume":"25","author":"DN Tomruk\u00e7u","year":"2020","unstructured":"Tomruk\u00e7u DN, K\u00f6se TE. Assesment of accessory branches of canalis sinuosus on CBCT images. Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal. 2020;25:124\u201330.","journal-title":"Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal"},{"key":"1000_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"563","DOI":"10.1007\/s00276-011-0907-6","volume":"34","author":"FS Neves","year":"2012","unstructured":"Neves FS, Crusoe-Souza M, Franco LC, Caria PH, BonfimAlmeida P, Crusoe-Rebello I. Canalis sinuosus: a rare anatomical variation. Surg Radiol Anat. 2012;34:563\u20136.","journal-title":"Surg Radiol Anat"},{"key":"1000_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1014","DOI":"10.1002\/alr.22001","volume":"7","author":"A Schreiber","year":"2017","unstructured":"Schreiber A, Mattavelli D, Ferrari M, et al. Anterior superior alveolar nerve injury after extended endoscopic medial maxillectomy: a preclinical study to predict neurological morbidity. Int Forum Allergy Rhinol. 2017;7:1014\u201321.","journal-title":"Int Forum Allergy Rhinol"}],"container-title":["BMC Medical Imaging"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12880-023-01000-x.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s12880-023-01000-x\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12880-023-01000-x.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,9]],"date-time":"2023-12-09T19:32:46Z","timestamp":1702150366000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/bmcmedimaging.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/s12880-023-01000-x"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,28]]},"references-count":33,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,12]]}},"alternative-id":["1000"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12880-023-01000-x","relation":{},"ISSN":["1471-2342"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1471-2342","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,28]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2 January 2023","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"15 March 2023","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"28 March 2023","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"This study Ethical approval was approved from the Ankara University Faculty of Dentistry Clinical Research Ethics Committee (Approval ID:21\/2020). The need for written informed consent to participate was waived by the Ankara University Faculty of Dentistry Clinical Research Ethics Committee due to retrospective nature of the study. The study was carried out in accordance within guidelines and regulations laid down by the institutional review board and in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Constent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare that they have no competing interests.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"46"}}