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However, preoperative CT differentiation between PSC and c-NSCLC remains a challenge. This study aimed to explore the CT findings and prognosis of PSC compared with c-NSCLC of similar tumor size.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Clinical data and CT findings of 31 patients with PSC and 87 patients with c-NSCLC were retrospectively analyzed. Clinical data included sex, age, and smoking history. CT findings included tumor size, tumor location, calcification, vacuole\/cavity, pleural invasion, mean CT value, and low-attenuation area (LAA) ratio. Kaplan\u2012Meier curves and log-rank tests were used for survival analysis. A Cox regression model was constructed to evaluate prognostic risk factors associated with overall survival (OS). The Spearman correlation among clinicoradiological outcomes were analyzed.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>The mean tumor size of PSC and c-NSCLC were both 5.1\u00a0cm. The median survival times of PSC and c-NSCLC were 8 months and 34 months, respectively (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001). Calcification and vacuoles\/cavities were rarely present in PSC. Pleural invasion occurred in both PSC and c-NSCLC (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.285). The mean CT values of PSC and c-NSCLC on plain scan (PS), arterial phase (AP), and venous phase (VP) were 30.48\u2009\u00b1\u20091.59 vs. 36.25\u2009\u00b1\u20090.64 Hu (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.002), 43.26\u2009\u00b1\u20092.96 vs. 58.71\u2009\u00b1\u20091.65 Hu (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001) and 50.26\u2009\u00b1\u20093.28 vs. 64.24\u2009\u00b1\u20091.86 Hu (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001), the AUCs were 0.685, 0.757 and 0.710, respectively. Compared to c-NSCLC, PSC had a larger LAA ratio, and the AUC was 0.802, with an optimal cutoff value of 20.6%, and the sensitivity and specificity were 0.645 and 0.862, respectively. Combined with the mean CT value and LAA ratio, AP\u2009+\u2009VP\u2009+\u2009LAA yielded the largest AUC of 0.826. The LAA ratio were not independent risk factors for PSC in this study. LAA ratio was negatively correlated with PS (r = -0.29), AP (r = -0.58), and VP (r = -0.66). LAA showed a weak positive correlation with tumor size(r\u2009=\u20090.27).<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>PSC has a poorer prognosis than c-NSCLC of similar tumor size. The mean CT value and LAA ratio contributes to preoperative CT differentiation of PSC and c-NSCLC.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s12880-023-01065-8","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,14]],"date-time":"2023-08-14T11:02:07Z","timestamp":1692010927000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Preoperative CT findings and prognosis of pulmonary sarcomatoid carcinoma: comparison with conventional NSCLC of similar tumor size"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"23","author":[{"given":"Wenjian","family":"Tang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chunju","family":"Wen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yixiu","family":"Pei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhen","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Junyuan","family":"Zhong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jidong","family":"Peng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jianping","family":"Zhong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,14]]},"reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"1065_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"12","DOI":"10.1186\/s12880-020-0416-3","volume":"20","author":"X Sha","year":"2020","unstructured":"Sha X, Gong G, Qiu Q, Duan J, Li D, Yin Y. 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