{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,27]],"date-time":"2026-01-27T12:08:12Z","timestamp":1769515692592,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,8]],"date-time":"2023-11-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1699401600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,8]],"date-time":"2023-11-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1699401600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BMC Med Imaging"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>The etiology of tendinopathy remains controversial and it is unknown whether degenerative structural changes in tendinopathies are reversible.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Hypothesis<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>There will be no structural change on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) taken\u2009&gt;\u20092-years after treatment for gluteal tendinopathy.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Study Design<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Extension of a single site, double-blind, prospective randomized-controlled trial to analyze the additional outcome measure; MRI changes.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>University of Melbourne ethics approval number: 1852900, trial registration: ACTRN12613000677707. Participants with gluteal tendinopathy who had previously received a leukocyte-rich platelet-rich plasma injection (LR-PRP) or a corticosteroid injection (CSI) had a post treatment MRI between at least 2-years and up to 7 years following trial completion. A blinded, senior musculoskeletal radiologist graded all de-identified MRI scans using the Melbourne Hip Score (MHIP). The primary outcome measure was the change in overall pre- and post-treatment score.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Participants (n\u2009=\u200920) underwent MRI at mean time of 4.15 (SD 1.11; range 2\u20137) years after their initial treatment. There was no change in the overall mean MHIP score for the CSI group (Pre 4.3 (SD 2.3) Post 4.3 (SD 1.1), p\u2009=\u20091.00). Although there was an improvement in the LR-PRP group mean MHIP score (Pre 5.3 (SD 3.0) Post 4.77 (SD 2.5), p\u2009=\u20090.56) it was not statistically significant. However, in the LR-PRP intervention group, five out of nine of participants\u2019 MHIP score improved, with four of these improving by 2\u20134 points.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>The hypothesis that there would be no improvement in MHIP scores following treatment of gluteal tendinopathy was supported. Findings of improvement in the LR-PRP group at 4 years would support further studies powered to look for structural improvement. These findings suggest that structural change following treatment for tendinopathy may be possible supporting the inclusion of MRI as a core outcome for future studies.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Clinical relevance<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>The study suggests that degenerative structural changes in tendons may be reversible.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s12880-023-01150-y","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,8]],"date-time":"2023-11-08T14:02:27Z","timestamp":1699452147000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Is there structural change on MRI in gluteal tendinopathy after treatment? Single outcome measure extension of an RCT"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"23","author":[{"given":"Georgia","family":"Carney","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9578-026X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jane","family":"Fitzpatrick","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,8]]},"reference":[{"issue":"2","key":"1150_CR1","first-page":"238","volume":"10","author":"J-F Kaux","year":"2011","unstructured":"Kaux J-F, Forthomme B, Goff CL, Crielaard J-M, Croisier J-L. Current opinions on tendinopathy. J Sports Sci Med. 2011;10(2):238\u201353.","journal-title":"J Sports Sci Med"},{"key":"1150_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Millar NL, Dean BJ, Dakin SG. Inflammation and the continuum model: time to acknowledge the molecular era of tendinopathy. Br J Sports Med. 2016.","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsports-2016-096419"},{"issue":"4","key":"1150_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"499","DOI":"10.1177\/03635465000280040901","volume":"28","author":"N Maffulli","year":"2000","unstructured":"Maffulli N, Ewen SW, Waterston SW, Reaper J, Barrass V. Tenocytes from ruptured and tendinopathic achilles tendons produce greater quantities of type III collagen than tenocytes from normal achilles tendons. An in vitro model of human tendon healing. Am J Sports Med. 2000;28(4):499\u2013505.","journal-title":"Am J Sports Med"},{"issue":"9","key":"1150_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4763","DOI":"10.1096\/fj.201701569R","volume":"32","author":"KM Heinemeier","year":"2018","unstructured":"Heinemeier KM, Schjerling P, \u00d8hlenschl\u00e6ger TF, Eismark C, Olsen J, Kj\u00e6r M. Carbon-14 bomb pulse dating shows that tendinopathy is preceded by years of abnormally high collagen turnover. FASEB J. 2018;32(9):4763\u201375.","journal-title":"FASEB J"},{"issue":"1","key":"1150_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsports-2019-100608","volume":"54","author":"TAH J\u00e4rvinen","year":"2020","unstructured":"J\u00e4rvinen TAH. Neovascularisation in tendinopathy: from eradication to stabilisation? Br J Sports Med. 2020;54(1):1.","journal-title":"Br J Sports Med"},{"issue":"11","key":"1150_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"232596711667063","DOI":"10.1177\/2325967116670635","volume":"4","author":"G Bhabra","year":"2016","unstructured":"Bhabra G, Wang A, Ebert JR, Edwards P, Zheng M, Zheng MH. Lateral elbow tendinopathy: development of a pathophysiology-based treatment algorithm. Orthop J Sports Med. 2016;4(11):2325967116670635.","journal-title":"Orthop J Sports Med"},{"issue":"12","key":"1150_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"966","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsports-2012-091285","volume":"48","author":"BT Drew","year":"2014","unstructured":"Drew BT, Smith TO, Littlewood C, Sturrock B. Do structural changes (eg, collagen\/matrix) explain the response to therapeutic exercises in tendinopathy: a systematic review. Br J Sports Med. 2014;48(12):966\u201372.","journal-title":"Br J Sports Med"},{"issue":"4","key":"1150_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"933","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546517745525","volume":"46","author":"J Fitzpatrick","year":"2018","unstructured":"Fitzpatrick J, Bulsara MK, O\u2019Donnell J, McCrory PR, Zheng MH. The effectiveness of platelet-rich plasma injections in gluteal tendinopathy: a Randomized, double-blind controlled trial comparing a single platelet-rich plasma injection with a single corticosteroid injection. Am J Sports Med. 2018;46(4):933\u20139.","journal-title":"Am J Sports Med"},{"issue":"5","key":"1150_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1130","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546519826969","volume":"47","author":"J Fitzpatrick","year":"2019","unstructured":"Fitzpatrick J, Bulsara MK, O\u2019Donnell J, Zheng MH. Leucocyte-rich platelet-rich plasma treatment of Gluteus Medius and Minimus Tendinopathy: a double-blind randomized controlled trial with 2-Year follow-up. Am J Sports Med. 2019;47(5):1130\u20137.","journal-title":"Am J Sports Med"},{"issue":"2","key":"1150_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"232596711668886","DOI":"10.1177\/2325967116688866","volume":"5","author":"TA Bucher","year":"2017","unstructured":"Bucher TA, Ebert JR, Smith A, Breidahl W, Fallon M, Wang T, et al. Autologous tenocyte injection for the treatment of chronic recalcitrant gluteal tendinopathy: a prospective pilot study. Orthop J Sports Med. 2017;5(2):2325967116688866.","journal-title":"Orthop J Sports Med"},{"issue":"12","key":"1150_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2925","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546513504285","volume":"41","author":"A Wang","year":"2013","unstructured":"Wang A, Breidahl W, Mackie KE, Lin Z, Qin A, Chen J, et al. Autologous tenocyte injection for the treatment of severe, chronic resistant lateral epicondylitis: a pilot study. Am J Sports Med. 2013;41(12):2925\u201332.","journal-title":"Am J Sports Med"},{"issue":"4","key":"1150_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"232596712199838","DOI":"10.1177\/2325967121998389","volume":"9","author":"CKN Tso","year":"2021","unstructured":"Tso CKN, O\u2019Sullivan R, Khan H, Fitzpatrick J. Reliability of a Novel Scoring System for MRI Assessment of Severity in Gluteal Tendinopathy: the Melbourne hip MRI score. Orthop J Sports Med. 2021;9(4):2325967121998389.","journal-title":"Orthop J Sports Med"},{"key":"1150_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"c332","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.c332","volume":"340","author":"KF Schulz","year":"2010","unstructured":"Schulz KF, Altman DG, Moher D. CONSORT 2010 Statement: updated guidelines for reporting parallel group randomised trials. BMJ. 2010;340:c332.","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"1150_CR14","unstructured":"Kassarjian A, Fritz LR, Afonso PD, Ereno MJ, Grainger A et al. Guidelines for MR Imaging of Sports Injuries European Society of Skeletal Radiology Sports Subcommittee. 2016."},{"issue":"41","key":"1150_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e5145","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0000000000005145","volume":"95","author":"H Lu","year":"2016","unstructured":"Lu H, Yang H, Shen H, Ye G, Lin XJ. The clinical effect of tendon repair for tendon spontaneous rupture after corticosteroid injection in hands: a retrospective observational study. Med (Baltim). 2016;95(41):e5145.","journal-title":"Med (Baltim)"},{"issue":"5","key":"1150_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"387","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsm.2010.076398","volume":"45","author":"RJ de Vos","year":"2011","unstructured":"de Vos RJ, Weir A, Tol JL, Verhaar JA, Weinans H, van Schie HT. No effects of PRP on ultrasonographic tendon structure and neovascularisation in chronic midportion Achilles tendinopathy. Br J Sports Med. 2011;45(5):387\u201392.","journal-title":"Br J Sports Med"},{"issue":"8","key":"1150_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1623","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546511404877","volume":"39","author":"S de Jonge","year":"2011","unstructured":"de Jonge S, de Vos RJ, Weir A, van Schie HT, Bierma-Zeinstra SM, Verhaar JA, et al. One-year follow-up of platelet-rich plasma treatment in chronic Achilles tendinopathy: a double-blind randomized placebo-controlled trial. Am J Sports Med. 2011;39(8):1623\u20139.","journal-title":"Am J Sports Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"1150_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1177\/230949901502300101","volume":"23","author":"VK Gautam","year":"2015","unstructured":"Gautam VK, Verma S, Batra S, Bhatnagar N, Arora S. Platelet-rich plasma versus corticosteroid injection for recalcitrant lateral epicondylitis: clinical and ultrasonographic evaluation. J Orthop Surg. 2015;23(1):1\u20135.","journal-title":"J Orthop Surg"},{"issue":"3","key":"1150_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"625","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546512472975","volume":"41","author":"TP Krogh","year":"2013","unstructured":"Krogh TP, Fredberg U, Stengaard-Pedersen K, Christensen R, Jensen P, Ellingsen T. Treatment of lateral epicondylitis with platelet-rich plasma, glucocorticoid, or saline: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Am J Sports Med. 2013;41(3):625\u201335.","journal-title":"Am J Sports Med"},{"issue":"2","key":"1150_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"113","DOI":"10.1177\/0269215512448388","volume":"27","author":"DW Rha","year":"2013","unstructured":"Rha DW, Park GY, Kim YK, Kim MT, Lee SC. Comparison of the therapeutic effects of ultrasound-guided platelet-rich plasma injection and dry needling in rotator cuff Disease: a randomized controlled trial. Clin Rehabil. 2013;27(2):113\u201322.","journal-title":"Clin Rehabil"},{"issue":"7","key":"1150_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1775","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546515579185","volume":"43","author":"A Wang","year":"2015","unstructured":"Wang A, Mackie K, Breidahl W, Wang T, Zheng MH. Evidence for the durability of autologous tenocyte injection for treatment of chronic resistant lateral epicondylitis: Mean 4.5-Year clinical follow-up. Am J Sports Med. 2015;43(7):1775\u201383.","journal-title":"Am J Sports Med"},{"issue":"8","key":"1150_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"444","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsports-2019-100894","volume":"54","author":"B Vicenzino","year":"2020","unstructured":"Vicenzino B, de Vos RJ, Alfredson H, Bahr R, Cook JL, Coombes BK, et al. ICON 2019-International Scientific Tendinopathy Symposium Consensus: there are nine core health-related domains for tendinopathy (CORE DOMAINS): Delphi study of healthcare professionals and patients. Br J Sports Med. 2020;54(8):444\u201351.","journal-title":"Br J Sports Med"},{"issue":"7","key":"1150_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"232596712110168","DOI":"10.1177\/23259671211016850","volume":"9","author":"A Ladurner","year":"2021","unstructured":"Ladurner A, Fitzpatrick J, O\u2019Donnell JM. Treatment of gluteal tendinopathy: a systematic review and stage-adjusted treatment recommendation. Orthop J Sports Med. 2021;9(7):23259671211016850.","journal-title":"Orthop J Sports Med"}],"container-title":["BMC Medical Imaging"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12880-023-01150-y.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s12880-023-01150-y\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12880-023-01150-y.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,9]],"date-time":"2023-11-09T02:02:00Z","timestamp":1699495320000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/bmcmedimaging.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/s12880-023-01150-y"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,8]]},"references-count":23,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,12]]}},"alternative-id":["1150"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12880-023-01150-y","relation":{},"ISSN":["1471-2342"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1471-2342","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,8]]},"assertion":[{"value":"28 August 2022","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"2 November 2023","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"8 November 2023","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The study was conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki and Ethics approval was obtained from the University of Melbourne Human Research Ethics Committee (Ethics approval number: 1852900). The trial was registered with ACTRN12613000677707. All participants provided written informed consent to participate.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethical approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not Applicable.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"179"}}