{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,5]],"date-time":"2026-01-05T19:17:14Z","timestamp":1767640634314,"version":"3.48.0"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,29]],"date-time":"2025-11-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1764374400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,5]],"date-time":"2026-01-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767571200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":37,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["82102035"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82102035"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["82071920"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82071920"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BMC Med Imaging"],"DOI":"10.1186\/s12880-025-02048-7","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,29]],"date-time":"2025-11-29T13:22:45Z","timestamp":1764422565000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["A new predictor of disease activity in Takayasu\u2019s arteritis patients: pericarotid fat density"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"26","author":[{"given":"Yu","family":"Lan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ziwen","family":"Xie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Dongbo","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yuxue","family":"Dang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Li","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Huachen","family":"Ma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yang","family":"Hou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,29]]},"reference":[{"issue":"SI","key":"2048_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"SI14","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/keab487","volume":"61","author":"L Ma","year":"2022","unstructured":"Ma L, Wu B, Jin X, et al. A novel model to assess disease activity in Takayasu arteritis based on 18F-FDG-PET\/CT: a Chinese cohort study. Rheumatology (Oxford). 2022;61(SI):SI14\u201322.","journal-title":"Rheumatology (Oxford)"},{"issue":"7","key":"2048_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"558","DOI":"10.1136\/heartjnl-2016-310848","volume":"104","author":"ESH Kim","year":"2018","unstructured":"Kim ESH, Beckman J. Takayasu arteritis: challenges in diagnosis and management. Heart. 2018;104(7):558\u201365.","journal-title":"Heart"},{"issue":"4","key":"2048_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"401","DOI":"10.1016\/j.semarthrit.2012.07.005","volume":"42","author":"S Mavrogeni","year":"2013","unstructured":"Mavrogeni S, Dimitroulas T, Chatziioannou SN, Kitas G. The role of multimodality imaging in the evaluation of Takayasu arteritis. Semin Arthritis Rheum. 2013;42(4):401\u201312.","journal-title":"Semin Arthritis Rheum"},{"issue":"11","key":"2048_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"919","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-120-11-199406010-00004","volume":"120","author":"GS Kerr","year":"1994","unstructured":"Kerr GS. Takayasu arteritis. Ann Intern Med. 1994;120(11):919.","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"key":"2048_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S191","DOI":"10.1016\/S0167-5273(98)00181-8","volume":"66","author":"GS Hoffman","year":"1998","unstructured":"Hoffman GS, Ahmed AE. Surrogate markers of disease activity in patients with Takayasu arteritis: A preliminary report from the international network for the study of the systemic vasculitides (INSSYS). Int J Cardiol. 1998;66:S191\u20134.","journal-title":"Int J Cardiol"},{"issue":"10","key":"2048_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1795","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/ket128","volume":"52","author":"R Misra","year":"2013","unstructured":"Misra R, Danda D, Rajappa SM, et al. Development and initial validation of the Indian Takayasu clinical activity score (ITAS2010). Rheumatology (Oxford). 2013;52(10):1795\u2013801.","journal-title":"Rheumatology (Oxford)"},{"issue":"8","key":"2048_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1658","DOI":"10.1007\/s00330-011-2090-x","volume":"21","author":"SK Garg","year":"2011","unstructured":"Garg SK, Mohan S, Kumar S. Diagnostic value of 3D contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance angiography in takayasu\u2019s arteritis\u2014a comparative study with digital Subtraction angiography. Eur Radiol. 2011;21(8):1658\u201366.","journal-title":"Eur Radiol"},{"issue":"6","key":"2048_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"462","DOI":"10.3109\/08830185.2012.740105","volume":"31","author":"D Wen","year":"2012","unstructured":"Wen D, Du X, Ma C. Takayasu arteritis: Diagnosis, treatment and prognosis. Int Rev Immunol. 2012;31(6):462\u201373.","journal-title":"Int Rev Immunol"},{"issue":"6","key":"2048_CR9","first-page":"605","volume":"7","author":"GR Hartlage","year":"2014","unstructured":"Hartlage GR, Palios J, Barron BJ, et al. Multimodality imaging of aortitis. JACC: Cardiovasc Imaging. 2014;7(6):605\u201319.","journal-title":"JACC: Cardiovasc Imaging"},{"issue":"5","key":"2048_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"636","DOI":"10.1136\/annrheumdis-2017-212649","volume":"77","author":"C Dejaco","year":"2018","unstructured":"Dejaco C, Ramiro S, Duftner C, et al. EULAR recommendations for the use of imaging in large vessel vasculitis in clinical practice. Ann Rheum Dis. 2018;77(5):636\u201343.","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"issue":"05","key":"2048_CR11","first-page":"633","volume":"50","author":"L Yun","year":"2023","unstructured":"Yun L, Xiaomin D. Chinese multidisciplinary recommendations on the chronic diseases management throughout the entire course of Takayasu arteritis. J Fudan Univ Med Sci Ed. 2023;50(05):633\u201354.","journal-title":"J Fudan Univ Med Sci Ed"},{"key":"2048_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sharma S, Sharma S, Taneja K, Gupta AK, Rajani M. Morphologic mural changes in the aorta revealed by CT in patients with nonspecific aortoarteritis (Takayasu\u2019s arteritis). American journal of roentgenology (1976). 1996;167(5):1321.","DOI":"10.2214\/ajr.167.5.8911205"},{"issue":"1","key":"2048_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"103","DOI":"10.1148\/radiology.209.1.9769819","volume":"209","author":"I Yamada","year":"1998","unstructured":"Yamada I, Nakagawa T, Himeno Y, Numano F, Shibuya H. Takayasu arteritis: evaluation of the thoracic aorta with CT angiography. Radiology. 1998;209(1):103\u20139.","journal-title":"Radiology"},{"issue":"1","key":"2048_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"96","DOI":"10.1016\/j.semarthrit.2012.11.001","volume":"43","author":"E Seyahi","year":"2013","unstructured":"Seyahi E, Ucgul A, Cebi Olgun D, et al. Aortic and coronary calcifications in Takayasu arteritis. Semin Arthritis Rheum. 2013;43(1):96\u2013104.","journal-title":"Semin Arthritis Rheum"},{"issue":"14","key":"2048_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"18839","DOI":"10.18632\/aging.203327","volume":"13","author":"D Zhang","year":"2021","unstructured":"Zhang D, Jin J, Zhu C, Chen Q, He X. Association between carotid artery perivascular fat density and cerebral small vessel disease. Aging (Albany NY). 2021;13(14):18839\u201351.","journal-title":"Aging (Albany NY)"},{"key":"2048_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zhang S, Gu H, Yu X, et al. Association between carotid artery perivascular fat density and intraplaque hemorrhage. Front Cardiovasc Med. 2021;8.","DOI":"10.3389\/fcvm.2021.735794"},{"key":"2048_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"110364","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejrad.2022.110364","volume":"153","author":"M Yu","year":"2022","unstructured":"Yu M, Meng Y, Zhang H, et al. Associations between pericarotid fat density and image-based risk characteristics of carotid plaque. Eur J Radiol. 2022;153:110364.","journal-title":"Eur J Radiol"},{"issue":"8","key":"2048_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1129","DOI":"10.1002\/art.1780330811","volume":"33","author":"WP Arend","year":"1990","unstructured":"Arend WP, Michel BA, Bloch DA, et al. The American college of rheumatology 1990 criteria for the classification of Takayasu arteritis. Arthritis Rheum. 1990;33(8):1129\u201334.","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"2048_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Fritsch S, Copes RM, Savioli B, et al. Translation and validation of the Indian Takayasu clinical activity score (ITAS2010) for the Brazilian Portuguese Language. Adv Rheumatol. 2019;59(1).","DOI":"10.1186\/s42358-019-0087-3"},{"issue":"1","key":"2048_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"99","DOI":"10.3899\/jrheum.181222","volume":"47","author":"S Banerjee","year":"2020","unstructured":"Banerjee S, Quinn KA, Gribbons KB, et al. Effect of treatment on Imaging, Clinical, and serologic assessments of disease activity in Large-vessel vasculitis. J Rheumatol. 2020;47(1):99.","journal-title":"J Rheumatol"},{"issue":"10151","key":"2048_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"929","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(18)31114-0","volume":"392","author":"EK Oikonomou","year":"2018","unstructured":"Oikonomou EK, Marwan M, Desai MY, et al. Non-invasive detection of coronary inflammation using computed tomography and prediction of residual cardiovascular risk (the CRISP CT study): a post-hoc analysis of prospective outcome data. Lancet. 2018;392(10151):929\u201339.","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"2","key":"2048_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"157","DOI":"10.1002\/sim.2929","volume":"27","author":"MJ Pencina","year":"2008","unstructured":"Pencina MJ, D\u2019 Agostino RB, D\u2019 Agostino RB, Vasan RS. Evaluating the added predictive ability of a new marker: from area under the ROC curve to reclassification and beyond. Stat Med. 2008;27(2):157\u201372.","journal-title":"Stat Med"},{"issue":"2","key":"2048_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"206","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/key040","volume":"58","author":"E Tombetti","year":"2019","unstructured":"Tombetti E, Mason JC. Takayasu arteritis: advanced Understanding is leading to new horizons. Rheumatology (Oxford). 2019;58(2):206\u201319.","journal-title":"Rheumatology (Oxford)"},{"issue":"6","key":"2048_CR24","first-page":"917","volume":"46","author":"Y Kobayashi","year":"2005","unstructured":"Kobayashi Y, Ishii K, Oda K, et al. Aortic wall inflammation due to Takayasu arteritis imaged with 18F-FDG PET coregistered with enhanced CT. J Nuclear Med (1978). 2005;46(6):917\u201322.","journal-title":"J Nuclear Med (1978)"},{"issue":"5","key":"2048_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"627","DOI":"10.1007\/s00259-003-1429-1","volume":"31","author":"M Webb","year":"2004","unstructured":"Webb M, Chambers A, Al-Nahhas A, et al. The role of 18F-FDG PET in characterising disease activity in Takayasu arteritis. Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging. 2004;31(5):627\u201334.","journal-title":"Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging"},{"issue":"21","key":"2048_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4270","DOI":"10.1111\/bph.15634","volume":"178","author":"CP Kotanidis","year":"2021","unstructured":"Kotanidis CP, Antoniades C. Perivascular fat imaging by computed tomography (CT): a virtual guide. Br J Pharmacol. 2021;178(21):4270\u201390.","journal-title":"Br J Pharmacol"},{"issue":"9","key":"2048_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"913","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2022.12.021","volume":"81","author":"N Tan","year":"2023","unstructured":"Tan N, Dey D, Marwick TH, Nerlekar N. Pericoronary adipose tissue as a marker of cardiovascular risk. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2023;81(9):913\u201323.","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"issue":"1","key":"2048_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"134","DOI":"10.1186\/s12933-018-0777-x","volume":"17","author":"XY Qi","year":"2018","unstructured":"Qi XY, Qu SL, Xiong WH, et al. Perivascular adipose tissue (PVAT) in atherosclerosis: a double-edged sword. Cardiovasc Diabetol. 2018;17(1):134.","journal-title":"Cardiovasc Diabetol"},{"key":"2048_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wall C, Huang Y, Le EPV, et al. Pericoronary and periaortic adipose tissue density are associated with inflammatory disease activity in Takayasu arteritis and atherosclerosis. Eur Heart J Open. 2021;1(2).","DOI":"10.1093\/ehjopen\/oeab019"},{"issue":"6","key":"2048_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"924","DOI":"10.1097\/00004728-200111000-00015","volume":"25","author":"J Paul","year":"2001","unstructured":"Paul J, Fiessinger J, Sapoval M, et al. Follow-up electron beam CT for the management of early phase Takayasu arteritis. J Comput Assist Tomogr. 2001;25(6):924\u201331.","journal-title":"J Comput Assist Tomogr"},{"issue":"4","key":"2048_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"286","DOI":"10.3348\/kjr.2007.8.4.286","volume":"8","author":"SY Kim","year":"2007","unstructured":"Kim SY, Park JH, Chung JW, et al. Follow-up CT evaluation of the mural changes in active Takayasu arteritis. Korean J Radiol. 2007;8(4):286\u201394.","journal-title":"Korean J Radiol"},{"issue":"4","key":"2048_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"575","DOI":"10.1007\/s00259-017-3798-x","volume":"45","author":"L Gomez","year":"2018","unstructured":"Gomez L, Chaumet-Riffaud P, Noel N, et al. Effect of CRP value on 18F\u2013FDG PET vascular positivity in Takayasu arteritis: a systematic review and per-patient based meta-analysis. Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging. 2018;45(4):575\u201381.","journal-title":"Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging"},{"issue":"1","key":"2048_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"150","DOI":"10.3390\/diagnostics13010150","volume":"13","author":"NN Ramli","year":"2023","unstructured":"Ramli NN, Iberahim S, Mohd Noor NH, et al. Haemostasis and inflammatory parameters as potential diagnostic biomarkers for VTE in Trauma-Immobilized patients. Diagnostics (Basel). 2023;13(1):150.","journal-title":"Diagnostics (Basel)"},{"key":"2048_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sproston NR, Ashworth JJ. Role of C-Reactive protein at sites of inflammation and infection. Front Immunol. 2018;9.","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2018.00754"},{"issue":"5","key":"2048_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1011","DOI":"10.55563\/clinexprheumatol\/a71bzh","volume":"39","author":"D Jimenez","year":"2021","unstructured":"Jimenez D, Soto ME, Martinez-Martinez LA, et al. Assessment of inflammatory activity in takayasu\u2019s arteritis: performance of clinical scores and common biomarkers versus 18F-FDG PET\/CT. Clin Exp Rheumatol. 2021;39(5):1011\u201320.","journal-title":"Clin Exp Rheumatol"},{"key":"2048_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Li J, Wang Y, Wang Y, et al. Association between acute phase reactants, interleukin-6, tumor necrosis factor-\u03b1, and disease activity in takayasu\u2019s arteritis patients. Arthritis Res Ther. 2020;22(1).","DOI":"10.1186\/s13075-020-02365-y"}],"container-title":["BMC Medical Imaging"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12880-025-02048-7.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s12880-025-02048-7","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12880-025-02048-7.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,5]],"date-time":"2026-01-05T15:38:26Z","timestamp":1767627506000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1186\/s12880-025-02048-7"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,29]]},"references-count":36,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,12]]}},"alternative-id":["2048"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12880-025-02048-7","relation":{},"ISSN":["1471-2342"],"issn-type":[{"type":"electronic","value":"1471-2342"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,29]]},"assertion":[{"value":"5 July 2025","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"6 November 2025","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"29 November 2025","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The study complied with the Declaration of Helsinki guidelines and declaration. This retrospective study was approved by ethics committee of Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University (No.2023PS658K), informed consent was waived due to its retrospective nature.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"2"}}