{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,29]],"date-time":"2025-12-29T18:52:07Z","timestamp":1767034327583,"version":"3.48.0"},"reference-count":21,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,22]],"date-time":"2025-11-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1763769600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,29]],"date-time":"2025-12-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1766966400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":37,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BMC Med Imaging"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Accurate measurement of intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) volume is critical for clinical decisions and prognosis. While the Tada formula (ABC\/2) is commonly used, its accuracy\u2014particularly for irregular hematomas\u2014remains limited. This study retrospectively validates the free, open-source software 3D Slicer against manual segmentation of CTA source images as the gold standard, and compares its performance with the ABC\/2 method.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study retrospectively analyzed imaging data from 118 patients with spontaneous ICH who underwent both non-contrast CT (NCCT) and CTA. The CTA images were acquired with thin-slice reconstruction (0.625\u00a0mm slice thickness). Hematoma volume was measured by two blinded evaluators using the following methods: (1) manual segmentation on thin-slice CTA source images (gold standard); (2) semi-automatic segmentation on NCCT images using 3D Slicer software; and (3) calculation on NCCT images using the Tada formula (ABC\/2). Intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) was used to assess intra- and inter-observer agreement. Bland-Altman analysis and linear regression were employed to evaluate the agreement and bias between 3D Slicer, the ABC\/2 method, and the gold standard.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Analysis of 118 spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage patients revealed that the 3D Slicer method achieved near-perfect agreement (ICC\u2009=\u20090.997) with the gold standard of CTA manual segmentation, with a minimal mean bias of +\u20090.77 mL and narrow limits of agreement. In contrast, the Tada formula demonstrated significantly poorer agreement (ICC\u2009=\u20090.887), a substantial systematic overestimation (mean bias\u2009=\u2009+\u20094.65 mL), and wide limits of agreement (-10.8 to +\u200920.2 mL). Subgroup analyses further confirmed the superior robustness of 3D Slicer. The reliability of the Tada formula was markedly lower for irregularly shaped hematomas (ICC\u2009=\u20090.835) and deteriorated drastically for large hematomas\u2009&gt;\u200960 mL (ICC\u2009=\u20090.516).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In conclusion, this study validates 3D Slicer as a highly accurate tool for ICH volumetry using CTA source images, demonstrating superior performance over the Tada formula, especially for irregular hematomas. As a freely available platform, it represents a superior alternative for precise ICH assessment in both clinical and research settings.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s12880-025-02074-5","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,22]],"date-time":"2025-11-22T06:32:50Z","timestamp":1763793170000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Retrospective validation of 3D Slicer against CTA source images for accurate intracerebral hematoma volumetry: a comparative study with the Tada formula"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"25","author":[{"given":"Minghui","family":"Lu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zohaib","family":"Shafiq","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Wei","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Pei","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shimin","family":"Tan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jiajun","family":"Wei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Qiang","family":"Cai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,22]]},"reference":[{"issue":"8","key":"2074_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1204","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCRESAHA.121.319949","volume":"130","author":"J Magid-Bernstein","year":"2022","unstructured":"Magid-Bernstein J, Girard R, Polster S, et al. 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The requirement for obtaining informed consent from the patients was waived because the study is based on information that is part of routine clinical care and medical records. All performed procedures followed the 1964 Helsinki declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards. The data supporting the findings of this study are available upon reasonable request from the corresponding author.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"518"}}