{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,14]],"date-time":"2026-01-14T06:01:26Z","timestamp":1768370486705,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,8]],"date-time":"2025-12-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1765152000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,12]],"date-time":"2026-01-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1768176000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":35,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BMC Med Imaging"],"DOI":"10.1186\/s12880-025-02079-0","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,8]],"date-time":"2025-12-08T06:55:09Z","timestamp":1765176909000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Application of VIBE sequences for visualization and assessing cartilaginous endplate damage in low back pain patients"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"26","author":[{"given":"Haifeng","family":"Zhao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Xiangbo","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Xuan","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Wenjuan","family":"Du","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Tianmin","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Hao","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,8]]},"reference":[{"issue":"10294","key":"2079_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"78","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(21)00733-9","volume":"398","author":"NN Knezevic","year":"2021","unstructured":"Knezevic NN, Candido KD, Vlaeyen JWS, Van Zundert J, Cohen SP. Low back pain. The Lancet. 2021;398(10294):78\u201392. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S0140-6736(21)00733-9.","journal-title":"The Lancet"},{"key":"2079_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"220","DOI":"10.1186\/s12891-016-1071-2","volume":"17","author":"A Kongsted","year":"2016","unstructured":"Kongsted A, Kent P, Axen I, Downie AS, Dunn KM. What have we learned from ten years of trajectory research in low back pain? BMC Musculoskelet Disord. 2016;17:220. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12891-016-1071-2.","journal-title":"BMC Musculoskelet Disord"},{"issue":"12","key":"2079_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2394","DOI":"10.3174\/ajnr.A4498","volume":"36","author":"W Brinjikji","year":"2015","unstructured":"Brinjikji W, Diehn FE, Jarvik JG, et al. MRI findings of disc degeneration are more prevalent in adults with low back pain than in asymptomatic controls: a systematic review and meta-analysis. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 2015;36(12):2394\u201399. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3174\/ajnr.A4498.","journal-title":"AJNR Am J Neuroradiol"},{"issue":"4","key":"2079_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e1294","DOI":"10.1002\/jsp2.1294","volume":"6","author":"KB Crump","year":"2023","unstructured":"Crump KB, Alminnawi A, Bermudez-Lekerika P, et al. Cartilaginous endplates: a comprehensive review on a neglected structure in intervertebral disc research. JOR Spine. 2023;6(4):e1294. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/jsp2.1294.","journal-title":"JOR Spine"},{"issue":"8","key":"2079_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"454","DOI":"10.1007\/s002560100378","volume":"30","author":"SW Lee","year":"2001","unstructured":"Lee SW, Mathie AG, Jackson JE, Hughes SP. Investigation of vertebral \u201cend plate sclerosis. Skeletal Radiol. 2001;30(8):454\u201359. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s002560100378.","journal-title":"Skeletal Radiol"},{"issue":"9","key":"2079_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1249","DOI":"10.1007\/s00256-016-2413-8","volume":"45","author":"KC Chen","year":"2016","unstructured":"Chen KC, Tran B, Biswas R, et al. Evaluation of the disco-vertebral junction using ultrashort time-to-echo magnetic resonance imaging: inter-reader agreement and association with vertebral endplate lesions. Skeletal Radiol. 2016;45(9):1249\u201356. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00256-016-2413-8.","journal-title":"Skeletal Radiol"},{"issue":"7","key":"2079_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"765","DOI":"10.1002\/nbm.1100","volume":"19","author":"MD Robson","year":"2006","unstructured":"Robson MD, Bydder GM. Clinical ultrashort echo time imaging of bone and other connective tissues. NMR Biomed. 2006;19(7):765\u201380. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/nbm.1100.","journal-title":"NMR Biomed"},{"issue":"6","key":"2079_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"744","DOI":"10.21037\/qims.2016.12.09","volume":"6","author":"D Hwang","year":"2016","unstructured":"Hwang D, Kim S, Abeydeera NA, et al. Quantitative magnetic resonance imaging of the lumbar intervertebral discs. Quant Imag Med Surg. 2016;6(6):744\u201355. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.21037\/qims.2016.12.09.","journal-title":"Quant Imag Med Surg"},{"issue":"10","key":"2079_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"E592","DOI":"10.1097\/BRS.0000000000002432","volume":"43","author":"B Berg-Johansen","year":"2018","unstructured":"Berg-Johansen B, Han M, Fields AJ, et al. Cartilage endplate thickness variation measured by ultrashort Echo-Time MRI is associated with adjacent disc degeneration. Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 2018;43(10):E592\u2013600. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/BRS.0000000000002432.","journal-title":"Spine (phila Pa 1976)"},{"issue":"1","key":"2079_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"269","DOI":"10.21037\/qims-21-308","volume":"12","author":"Z Wei","year":"2022","unstructured":"Wei Z, Lombardi AF, Lee RR, et al. Comprehensive assessment of in vivo lumbar spine intervertebral discs using a 3D adiabatic T1\u03c1 prepared ultrashort echo time (UTE-Adiab-T1\u03c1) pulse sequence. Quant Imag Med Surg. 2022;12(1):269\u201380. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.21037\/qims-21-308.","journal-title":"Quant Imag Med Surg"},{"issue":"1","key":"2079_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"60","DOI":"10.1186\/s12880-023-01014-5","volume":"23","author":"Z Ji","year":"2023","unstructured":"Ji Z, Li Y, Dou W, Zhu Y, Shi Y, Zou Y. Ultra-short echo time MR imaging in assessing cartilage endplate damage and relationship between its lesion and disc degeneration for chronic low back pain patients. BMC Med Imag. 2023;23(1):60. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12880-023-01014-5.","journal-title":"BMC Med Imag"},{"issue":"8","key":"2079_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1820","DOI":"10.1007\/s00586-013-2798-1","volume":"22","author":"SM Moon","year":"2013","unstructured":"Moon SM, Yoder JH, Wright AC, Smith LJ, Vresilovic EJ, Elliott DM. Evaluation of intervertebral disc cartilaginous endplate structure using magnetic resonance imaging. Eur Spine J. 2013;22(8):1820\u201328. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00586-013-2798-1.","journal-title":"Eur Spine J"},{"key":"2079_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1394189","DOI":"10.3389\/fphys.2024.1394189","volume":"15","author":"JS Athertya","year":"2024","unstructured":"Athertya JS, Statum S, Chen X, et al. Evaluation of spine disorders using high contrast imaging of the cartilaginous endplate. Front Physiol. 2024;15:1394189. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fphys.2024.1394189.","journal-title":"Front Physiol"},{"issue":"7","key":"2079_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1470","DOI":"10.1002\/jor.24787","volume":"39","author":"L Wang","year":"2021","unstructured":"Wang L, Han M, Wong J, et al. Evaluation of human cartilage endplate composition using MRI: spatial variation, association with adjacent disc degeneration, and in vivo repeatability. J Orthop Res. 2021;39(7):1470\u201378. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/jor.24787.","journal-title":"J Orthop Res"},{"issue":"6","key":"2079_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"569","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2014.03.005","volume":"15","author":"RA Deyo","year":"2014","unstructured":"Deyo RA, Dworkin SF, Amtmann D, et al. Report of the NIH task force on research standards for chronic low back pain. J Pain. 2014;15(6):569\u201385. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jpain.2014.03.005.","journal-title":"J Pain"},{"issue":"17","key":"2079_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1873","DOI":"10.1097\/00007632-200109010-00011","volume":"26","author":"CW Pfirrmann","year":"2001","unstructured":"Pfirrmann CW, Metzdorf A, Zanetti M, Hodler J, Boos N. Magnetic resonance classification of lumbar intervertebral disc degeneration. Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 2001;26(17):1873\u201378. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/00007632-200109010-00011.","journal-title":"Spine (phila Pa 1976)"},{"issue":"5","key":"2079_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"626","DOI":"10.1007\/s00586-008-0645-6","volume":"17","author":"S Rajasekaran","year":"2008","unstructured":"Rajasekaran S, Venkatadass K, Naresh Babu J, Ganesh K, Shetty AP. Pharmacological enhancement of disc diffusion and differentiation of healthy, ageing and degenerated discs: results from in-vivo serial post-contrast MRI studies in 365 human lumbar discs. Eur Spine J. 2008;17(5):626\u201343. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00586-008-0645-6.","journal-title":"Eur Spine J"},{"issue":"4","key":"2079_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1164","DOI":"10.1111\/os.12727","volume":"12","author":"Y Cao","year":"2020","unstructured":"Cao Y, Guo Q, Wan Y. Significant association between the T2 values of vertebral cartilage endplates and pfirrmann grading. Orthopaedic Surg. 2020;12(4):1164\u201372. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/os.12727.","journal-title":"Orthopaedic Surg"},{"issue":"2","key":"2079_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"338","DOI":"10.1111\/joa.13321","volume":"238","author":"B Huang","year":"2021","unstructured":"Huang B, Liu J, Wei X, et al. Damage to the human lumbar cartilage endplate and its clinical implications. J Anat. 2021;238(2):338\u201348. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/joa.13321.","journal-title":"J Anat"},{"issue":"6","key":"2079_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"731","DOI":"10.21037\/qims.2016.12.06","volume":"6","author":"P Siriwanarangsun","year":"2016","unstructured":"Siriwanarangsun P, Statum S, Biswas R, Bae WC, Chung CB. Ultrashort time to echo magnetic resonance techniques for the musculoskeletal system. Quant Imag Med Surg. 2016;6(6):731\u201343. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.21037\/qims.2016.12.06.","journal-title":"Quant Imag Med Surg"},{"key":"2079_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Koh E, Walton ER, Watson P. VIBE MRI: an alternative to CT in the imaging of sports-related osseous pathology? Br J Radiol. 2018(1088;91:20170815. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1259\/bjr.20170815.","DOI":"10.1259\/bjr.20170815"},{"issue":"11","key":"2079_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1435","DOI":"10.1302\/0301-620X.102B11.BJJ-2020-0383.R1","volume":"102-B","author":"M Katakura","year":"2020","unstructured":"Katakura M, Mitchell AWM, Lee JC, Calder JD. Is it time to replace CT with T1-VIBE MRI for the assessment of musculoskeletal injuries? Bone Joint J. 2020;102-B(11):1435\u201337. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1302\/0301-620X.102B11.BJJ-2020-0383.R1.","journal-title":"Bone Joint J"},{"issue":"2","key":"2079_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"166","DOI":"10.1097\/00007632-198902000-00005","volume":"14","author":"S Roberts","year":"1989","unstructured":"Roberts S, Menage J, Urban JP. Biochemical and structural properties of the cartilage end-plate and its relation to the intervertebral disc. Spine (phila Pa 1976). 1989;14(2):166\u201374. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/00007632-198902000-00005.","journal-title":"Spine (phila Pa 1976)"},{"issue":"7","key":"2079_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2358","DOI":"10.1007\/s00586-023-07739-9","volume":"32","author":"T Finkenstaedt","year":"2023","unstructured":"Finkenstaedt T, Siriwananrangsun P, Masuda K, Bydder GM, Chen KC, Bae WC. Ultrashort time-to-echo MR morphology of cartilaginous endplate correlates with disc degeneration in the lumbar spine. Eur Spine J. 2023;32(7):2358\u201367. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00586-023-07739-9.","journal-title":"Eur Spine J"},{"issue":"5","key":"2079_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1579","DOI":"10.1007\/s00586-025-08712-4","volume":"34","author":"S Rajasekaran","year":"2025","unstructured":"Rajasekaran S, Thippeswamy PB, Gurusamy G, et al. ISSLS prize in clinical science 2025: cartilage end plate defects precede and initiate bony end plate defects and disc degeneration\u2013 an integrated total end plate score\u2019 identify preclinical discs at risk for degeneration. Eur Spine J. 2025;34(5):1579\u201389. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00586-025-08712-4.","journal-title":"Eur Spine J"},{"issue":"6","key":"2079_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"412","DOI":"10.1097\/BRS.0000000000002352","volume":"43","author":"M Rade","year":"2018","unstructured":"Rade M, M\u00e4\u00e4tt\u00e4 JH, Freidin MB, Airaksinen O, Karppinen J, Williams FMK. Vertebral endplate defect as initiating factor in intervertebral disc degeneration: Strong association between endplate defect and disc degeneration in the General population. Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 2018;43(6):412\u201319. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/BRS.0000000000002352.","journal-title":"Spine (phila Pa 1976)"},{"key":"2079_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1489420","DOI":"10.3389\/fbioe.2024.1489420","volume":"12","author":"Y Sun","year":"2024","unstructured":"Sun Y, Li Z, Duan J, et al. From structure to therapy: the critical influence of cartilaginous endplates and microvascular network on intervertebral disc degeneration. Front Bioeng Biotechnol. 2024;12:1489420. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fbioe.2024.1489420.","journal-title":"Front Bioeng Biotechnol"},{"key":"2079_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"924692","DOI":"10.3389\/fcell.2022.924692","volume":"10","author":"P Bermudez-Lekerika","year":"2022","unstructured":"Bermudez-Lekerika P, Crump KB, Tseranidou S, et al. Immuno-modulatory effects of intervertebral disc cells. Front Cell Dev Biol. 2022;10:924692. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fcell.2022.924692.","journal-title":"Front Cell Dev Biol"}],"container-title":["BMC Medical Imaging"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12880-025-02079-0.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s12880-025-02079-0","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12880-025-02079-0.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,13]],"date-time":"2026-01-13T22:08:27Z","timestamp":1768342107000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1186\/s12880-025-02079-0"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,8]]},"references-count":28,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,12]]}},"alternative-id":["2079"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12880-025-02079-0","relation":{},"ISSN":["1471-2342"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1471-2342","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,8]]},"assertion":[{"value":"4 September 2024","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"19 November 2025","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"8 December 2025","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"This study was conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki. Ethical approval was obtained from the Ethics Committee of The First Hospital of Lanzhou University (approval number: LDYYLL2024-242), and all participants provided written informed consent prior to their inclusion in the study.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"23"}}