{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,4]],"date-time":"2026-04-04T01:52:07Z","timestamp":1775267527317,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,27]],"date-time":"2026-02-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1772150400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,3]],"date-time":"2026-04-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1775174400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":35,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BMC Med Imaging"],"DOI":"10.1186\/s12880-026-02250-1","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,27]],"date-time":"2026-02-27T15:55:37Z","timestamp":1772207737000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["A novel model based on apparent diffusion coefficient and signal intensity on MRI to quantify subtle internal difference between tumor-adjacent and -distant liver tissues in T3-staged resectable gallbladder carcinoma"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"26","author":[{"given":"Zhao","family":"Tang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xiao-fang","family":"Zhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jing","family":"Ou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yu-ping","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xiao-ming","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Bang-guo","family":"Tan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tian-wu","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,27]]},"reference":[{"issue":"5","key":"2250_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"671","DOI":"10.1007\/s11605-006-0075-x","volume":"11","author":"KM Reid","year":"2007","unstructured":"Reid KM, Ramos-De la Medina A, Donohue JH. Diagnosis and surgical management of gallbladder cancer: a review. J Gastrointest Surg. 2007;11(5):671\u201381.","journal-title":"J Gastrointest Surg"},{"issue":"3","key":"2250_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"345","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinimag.2016.01.008","volume":"40","author":"NK Lee","year":"2016","unstructured":"Lee NK, Kim S, Moon JI, Shin N, Kim DU, Seo HI, et al. Diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging of gallbladder adenocarcinoma: analysis with emphasis on histologic grade. Clin Imaging. 2016;40(3):345\u201351.","journal-title":"Clin Imaging"},{"key":"2250_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kanthan R, Senger JL, Ahmed S, Kanthan SC. Gallbladder cancer in the 21st century. J Oncol. 2015:967472.","DOI":"10.1155\/2015\/967472"},{"issue":"12","key":"2250_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e51513","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0051513","volume":"7","author":"XW Yang","year":"2012","unstructured":"Yang XW, Yang J, Li L, Man XB, Zhang BH, Shen F, et al. Analysis of the relationships between clinicopathologic factors and survival in gallbladder cancer following surgical resection with curative intent. PLoS ONE. 2012;7(12):e51513.","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"issue":"4","key":"2250_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"806","DOI":"10.1245\/s10434-008-0189-3","volume":"16","author":"M D\u2019Angelica","year":"2009","unstructured":"D\u2019Angelica M, Dalal KM, DeMatteo RP, Fong Y, Blumgart LH, Jarnagin WR. Analysis of the extent of resection for adenocarcinoma of the gallbladder. Ann Surg Oncol. 2009;16(4):806\u201316.","journal-title":"Ann Surg Oncol"},{"issue":"8","key":"2250_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2101","DOI":"10.1245\/s10434-009-0538-x","volume":"16","author":"MT Hueman","year":"2009","unstructured":"Hueman MT, Vollmer CM Jr, Pawlik TM. Evolving treatment strategies for gallbladder cancer. Ann Surg Oncol. 2009;16(8):2101\u201315.","journal-title":"Ann Surg Oncol"},{"issue":"3","key":"2250_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"355","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjsurg.2007.02.013","volume":"194","author":"SK Reddy","year":"2007","unstructured":"Reddy SK, Marroquin CE, Kuo PC, Pappas TN, Clary BM. Extended hepatic resection for gallbladder cancer. Am J Surg. 2007;194(3):355\u201361.","journal-title":"Am J Surg"},{"issue":"5","key":"2250_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"541","DOI":"10.6004\/jnccn.2021.0022","volume":"1","author":"AB Benson","year":"2021","unstructured":"Benson AB, D\u2019Angelica MI, Abbott DE, Anaya DA, Anders R, Are C, et al. Hepatobiliary cancers, Version 2.2021, NCCN clinical practice guidelines in oncology. J Natl Compr Canc Netw. 2021;1(5):541\u201365.","journal-title":"J Natl Compr Canc Netw"},{"issue":"15","key":"2250_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4620","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v21.i15.4620","volume":"21","author":"XD He","year":"2015","unstructured":"He XD, Li JJ, Liu W, Qu Q, Hong T, Xu XQ, et al. Surgical procedure determination based on tumor-node-metastasis staging of gallbladder cancer. World J Gastroenterol. 2015;21(15):4620\u20136.","journal-title":"World J Gastroenterol"},{"issue":"3","key":"2250_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"719","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2020.03.127","volume":"l83","author":"CM Cornejo","year":"2020","unstructured":"Cornejo CM, Jambusaria-Pahlajani A, Willenbrink TJ, Schmults CD, Arron ST, Ruiz ES. Field cancerization: Treatment. J Am Acad Dermato. 2020;l83(3):719\u201330.","journal-title":"J Am Acad Dermato"},{"issue":"11","key":"2250_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3607","DOI":"10.1158\/1078-0432.CCR-03-0632","volume":"10","author":"MP Tabor","year":"2004","unstructured":"Tabor MP, Brakenhoff RH, Ruijter-Schippers HJ, Kummer JA, Leemans CR, Braakhuis BJ. Genetically altered fields as origin of locally recurrent head and neck cancer: a retrospective study. Clin Cancer Res. 2004;10(11):3607\u201313.","journal-title":"Clin Cancer Res"},{"issue":"10","key":"2250_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3694","DOI":"10.1158\/0008-5472.CAN-03-3264","volume":"64","author":"LC Chen","year":"2004","unstructured":"Chen LC, Hao CY, Chiu YS, Wong P, Melnick JS, Brotman M, et al. Alteration of gene expression in normal-appearing colon mucosa of APC(min) mice and human cancer patients. Cancer Res. 2004;64(10):3694\u2013700.","journal-title":"Cancer Res"},{"issue":"37","key":"2250_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"61107","DOI":"10.18632\/oncotarget.17864","volume":"8","author":"H Guo","year":"2017","unstructured":"Guo H, Zeng W, Feng L, Yu X, Li P, Zhang K, et al. Integrated transcriptomic analysis of distance-related field cancerization in rectal cancer patients. Oncotarget. 2017;8(37):61107\u201317.","journal-title":"Oncotarget"},{"issue":"2\u20133","key":"2250_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"211","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ygeno.2013.11.003","volume":"103","author":"L Hawthorn","year":"2014","unstructured":"Hawthorn L, Lan L, Mojica W. Evidence for field effect cancerization in colorectal cancer. Genomics. 2014;103(2\u20133):211\u201321.","journal-title":"Genomics"},{"issue":"1","key":"2250_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"260","DOI":"10.1186\/s12885-017-3244-2","volume":"17","author":"M Spitzwieser","year":"2017","unstructured":"Spitzwieser M, Entfellner E, Werner B, Pulverer W, Pfeiler G, Hacker S, et al. Hypermethylation of CDKN2A exon 2 in tumor, tumor-adjacent and tumor-distant tissues from breast cancer patients. BMC Cancer. 2017;17(1):260.","journal-title":"BMC Cancer"},{"issue":"1","key":"2250_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"135","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.10092396","volume":"257","author":"H Wang","year":"2010","unstructured":"Wang H, Cheng L, Zhang X, Wang D, Guo A, Gao Y, et al. Renal cell carcinoma: diffusion-weighted MR imaging for subtype differentiation at 3.0 T. Radiology. 2010;257(1):135\u201343.","journal-title":"Radiology"},{"issue":"988","key":"2250_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"336","DOI":"10.1259\/bjr\/74949757","volume":"83","author":"B Paudyal","year":"2010","unstructured":"Paudyal B, Paudyal P, Tsushima Y, Oriuchi N, Amanuma M, Miyazaki M, et al. The role of the ADC value in the characterisation of renal carcinoma by diffusion-weighted MRI. Br J Radiol. 2010;83(988):336\u201343.","journal-title":"Br J Radiol"},{"issue":"5","key":"2250_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"054701","DOI":"10.1063\/4.0000021","volume":"7","author":"MPM Marques","year":"2020","unstructured":"Marques MPM, Batista de Carvalho ALM, Mamede AP, Dopplapudi A, Garc\u00eda Sakai V, Batista de Carvalho LAE. Role of intracellular water in the normal-to-cancer transition in human cells-insights from quasi-elastic neutron scattering. Struct Dyn. 2020;7(5):054701.","journal-title":"Struct Dyn"},{"issue":"40","key":"2250_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e30861","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0000000000030861","volume":"101","author":"WW He","year":"2022","unstructured":"He WW, Zhu JG, Pylypenko D, Liu F, Wang M, Wu YF, et al. Differentiating benign from malignant gallbladder wall thickening in non-contrast MRI imaging: Preliminary study of a combined diagnostic indicator. Med (Baltim). 2022;101(40):e30861.","journal-title":"Med (Baltim)"},{"issue":"10","key":"2250_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"992","DOI":"10.1016\/j.crad.2013.03.022","volume":"68","author":"TW Kang","year":"2013","unstructured":"Kang TW, Kim SH, Park HJ, Lim S, Jang KM, Choi D, et al. Differentiating xanthogranulomatous cholecystitis from wall-thickening type of gallbladder cancer: added value of diffusion-weighted MRI. Clin Radiol. 2013;68(10):992\u20131001.","journal-title":"Clin Radiol"},{"issue":"3","key":"2250_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"212","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1440-1673.2006.01564.x","volume":"50","author":"RK Kaza","year":"2006","unstructured":"Kaza RK, Gulati M, Wig JD, Chawla YK. Evaluation of gall bladder carcinoma with dynamic magnetic resonance imaging and magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography. Australas Radiol. 2006;50(3):212\u20137.","journal-title":"Australas Radiol"},{"issue":"2","key":"2250_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e247","DOI":"10.1016\/j.crad.2023.10.033","volume":"79","author":"Z Tang","year":"2024","unstructured":"Tang Z, Wu YP, Tan BG, Chen XQ, Guo WW, Wu KS, et al. Apparent diffusion coefficient and its standard deviation from diffusion-weighted imaging in preoperative predicting liver invasion by T3-staged resectable gallbladder carcinoma. Clin Radiol. 2024;79(2):e247\u201355.","journal-title":"Clin Radiol"},{"issue":"1","key":"2250_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.14130778","volume":"274","author":"M Barral","year":"2015","unstructured":"Barral M, Taouli B, Guiu B, Koh DM, Luciani A, Manfredi R, et al. Diffusion-weighted MR imaging of the pancreas: current status and recommendations. Radiology. 2015;274(1):45\u201363.","journal-title":"Radiology"},{"issue":"2","key":"2250_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"407","DOI":"10.1002\/jmri.25007","volume":"43","author":"C Ma","year":"2016","unstructured":"Ma C, Liu L, Li J, Wang L, Chen LG, Zhang Y, et al. Apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) measurements in pancreatic adenocarcinoma: A preliminary study of the effect of region of interest on ADC values and interobserver variability. J Magn Reson Imaging. 2016;43(2):407\u201313.","journal-title":"J Magn Reson Imaging"},{"issue":"3","key":"2250_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"231","DOI":"10.12998\/wjcc.v3.i3.231","volume":"3","author":"AN Dwivedi","year":"2015","unstructured":"Dwivedi AN, Jain S, Dixit R. Gall bladder carcinoma: Aggressive malignancy with protean loco-regional and distant spread. World J Clin Cases. 2015;3(3):231\u201344.","journal-title":"World J Clin Cases"},{"key":"2250_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"873839","DOI":"10.3389\/fonc.2022.873839","volume":"12","author":"N Du","year":"2022","unstructured":"Du N, Zhou X, Mao R, Shu W, Xiao L, Ye Y, et al. Preoperative and Noninvasive Prediction of Gliomas Histopathological Grades and IDH Molecular Types Using Multiple MRI Characteristics. Front Oncol. 2022;12:873839.","journal-title":"Front Oncol"},{"issue":"2","key":"2250_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"992","DOI":"10.1007\/s00330-020-07191-z","volume":"31","author":"V Dunet","year":"2021","unstructured":"Dunet V, Halkic N, Sempoux C, Demartines N, Montemurro M, Prior JO, et al. Prediction of tumour grade and survival outcome using pre-treatment PET- and MRI-derived imaging features in patients with resectable pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. Eur Radiol. 2021;31(2):992\u20131001.","journal-title":"Eur Radiol"},{"issue":"9","key":"2250_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"789","DOI":"10.1007\/s00234-014-1386-3","volume":"56","author":"H Kato","year":"2014","unstructured":"Kato H, Kanematsu M, Watanabe H, Mizuta K, Aoki M. Salivary gland tumors of the parotid gland: CT and MR imaging findings with emphasis on intratumoral cystic components. Neuroradiology. 2014;56(9):789\u201395.","journal-title":"Neuroradiology"},{"issue":"43","key":"2250_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"12211","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v21.i43.12211","volume":"21","author":"TO Goetze","year":"2015","unstructured":"Goetze TO. Gallbladder carcinoma: Prognostic factors and therapeutic options. World J Gastroenterol. 2015;21(43):12211\u20137.","journal-title":"World J Gastroenterol"},{"issue":"1","key":"2250_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"78","DOI":"10.1148\/rg.2021200087","volume":"41","author":"C Lopes Vendrami","year":"2021","unstructured":"Lopes Vendrami C, Magnetta MJ, Mittal PK, Moreno CC, Miller FH. Gallbladder carcinoma and its differential diagnosis at MRI: what radiologists should know. Radiographics. 2021;41(1):78\u201395.","journal-title":"Radiographics"}],"container-title":["BMC Medical Imaging"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s12880-026-02250-1","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12880-026-02250-1.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12880-026-02250-1.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,4]],"date-time":"2026-04-04T01:02:07Z","timestamp":1775264527000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1186\/s12880-026-02250-1"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,27]]},"references-count":30,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,12]]}},"alternative-id":["2250"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12880-026-02250-1","relation":{},"ISSN":["1471-2342"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1471-2342","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,27]]},"assertion":[{"value":"13 August 2025","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"23 February 2026","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"27 February 2026","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"This retrospective study was approved by the institutional review board of the Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College (IRB number: 2023ER108-1) in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki. Due to a retrospective study, the patient consent for the study was waived.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"177"}}