{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,12]],"date-time":"2026-08-12T04:27:43Z","timestamp":1786508863378,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,8]],"date-time":"2026-06-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1780876800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,12]],"date-time":"2026-08-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1786492800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":65,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003786","name":"Hangzhou Science and Technology Bureau","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["B20240282"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["B20240282"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003786","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Jiande Municipal Science and Technology Bureau","award":["2023JZX07"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2023JZX07"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BMC Med Imaging"],"DOI":"10.1186\/s12880-026-02490-1","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,8]],"date-time":"2026-06-08T09:24:12Z","timestamp":1780910652000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Development and internal validation of a clinical nomogram incorporating quantitative CT features for predicting malignancy in pulmonary nodules\u2009\u2264\u20093\u00a0cm"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"26","author":[{"given":"Yingding","family":"Ruan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yujie","family":"Ma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jianwei","family":"Han","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chuan","family":"Long","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wenjun","family":"Cao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aiming","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peng","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ting","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"2490_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Bray F, Laversanne M, Sung H, Ferlay J, Siegel RL, Soerjomataram I, Jemal A. Global cancer statistics 2022: GLOBOCAN estimates of incidence and mortality worldwide for 36 cancers in 185 countries. CA Cancer J Clin. 2024 May-Jun;74(3):229\u2013263. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3322\/caac.21834. Epub 2024 Apr 4. PMID: 38572751.","DOI":"10.3322\/caac.21834"},{"key":"2490_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Siegel RL, Kratzer TB, Giaquinto AN, Sung H, Jemal A, Cancer statistics, Cancer JC. 2025 Jan-Feb;75(1):10\u201345. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3322\/caac.21871. Epub 2025 Jan 16. PMID: 39817679; PMCID: PMC11745215.","DOI":"10.3322\/caac.21871"},{"issue":"11","key":"2490_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3184","DOI":"10.1038\/s41591-024-03211-3","volume":"30","author":"C Wang","year":"2024","unstructured":"Wang C, Shao J, He Y, Wu J, Liu X, Yang L, Wei Y, Zhou XS, Zhan Y, Shi F, Shen D, Li W. Data-driven risk stratification and precision management of pulmonary nodules detected on chest computed tomography. Nat Med. 2024;30(11):3184\u201395. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41591-024-03211-3. Epub 2024 Sep 17. PMID: 39289570; PMCID: PMC11564084.","journal-title":"Nat Med"},{"key":"2490_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"102769","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eclinm.2024.102769","volume":"75","author":"Y Jin","year":"2024","unstructured":"Jin Y, Mu W, Shi Y, Qi Q, Wang W, He Y, Sun X, Yang B, Cui P, Li C, Liu F, Liu Y, Wang G, Zhao J, Zhang Y, Zhang S, Cao C, Sun C, Hong N, Cai S, Tian J, Yang F, Chen K. Development and validation of an integrated system for lung cancer screening and post-screening pulmonary nodules management: a proof-of-concept study (ASCEND-LUNG). EClinicalMedicine. 2024;75:102769. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.eclinm.2024.102769. PMID: 39165498; PMCID: PMC11334824.","journal-title":"EClinicalMedicine"},{"issue":"3","key":"2490_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"738","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chest.2023.10.028","volume":"165","author":"J Christensen","year":"2024","unstructured":"Christensen J, Prosper AE, Wu CC, Chung J, Lee E, Elicker B, Hunsaker AR, Petranovic M, Sandler KL, Stiles B, Mazzone P, Yankelevitz D, Aberle D, Chiles C, Kazerooni E. ACR Lung-RADS v2022: Assessment Categories and Management Recommendations. Chest. 2024;165(3):738\u201353. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.chest.2023.10.028. Epub 2024 Jan 30. PMID: 38300206.","journal-title":"Chest"},{"issue":"10","key":"2490_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"910","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1214726","volume":"369","author":"A McWilliams","year":"2013","unstructured":"McWilliams A, Tammemagi MC, Mayo JR, Roberts H, Liu G, Soghrati K, Yasufuku K, Martel S, Laberge F, Gingras M, Atkar-Khattra S, Berg CD, Evans K, Finley R, Yee J, English J, Nasute P, Goffin J, Puksa S, Stewart L, Tsai S, Johnston MR, Manos D, Nicholas G, Goss GD, Seely JM, Amjadi K, Tremblay A, Burrowes P, MacEachern P, Bhatia R, Tsao MS, Lam S. Probability of cancer in pulmonary nodules detected on first screening CT. N Engl J Med. 2013;369(10):910\u20139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1056\/NEJMoa1214726. PMID: 24004118; PMCID: PMC3951177.","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"4","key":"2490_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"877","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chest.2016.02.650","volume":"150","author":"C Bai","year":"2016","unstructured":"Bai C, Choi CM, Chu CM, Anantham D, Chung-Man Ho J, Khan AZ, Lee JM, Li SY, Saenghirunvattana S, Yim A. Evaluation of Pulmonary Nodules: Clinical Practice Consensus Guidelines for Asia. Chest. 2016;150(4):877\u201393. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.chest.2016.02.650. Epub 2016 Feb 27. PMID: 26923625.","journal-title":"Chest"},{"issue":"2","key":"2490_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"438","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.2021204433","volume":"300","author":"KV Venkadesh","year":"2021","unstructured":"Venkadesh KV, Setio AAA, Schreuder A, Scholten ET, Chung K, Wille W, Saghir MM, van Ginneken Z, Prokop B, Jacobs M. Deep Learning for Malignancy Risk Estimation of Pulmonary Nodules Detected at Low-Dose Screening CT. Radiology. 2021;300(2):438\u201347. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1148\/radiol.2021204433. Epub 2021 May 18. PMID: 34003056.","journal-title":"Radiology"},{"key":"2490_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Herber SK, M\u00fcller L, Pinto Dos Santos D, Jorg T, Souschek F, B\u00e4uerle T, Foersch S, Galata C, Mildenberger P, Halfmann MC. Diagnostic performance of artificial intelligence models for pulmonary nodule classification: a multi-model evaluation. Eur Radiol. 2025 Jul 25. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00330-025-11845-1. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 40715822.","DOI":"10.1007\/s00330-025-11845-1"},{"key":"2490_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Mao Y, Heuvelmans MA, van Tuinen M, Yu D, Yi J, Oudkerk M, Ye Z, de Bock GH, Dorrius MD. Artificial intelligence as an independent reader of risk-dominant lung nodules: influence of CT reconstruction parameters. Eur Radiol. 2025 Aug 29. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00330-025-11949-8. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 40883523.","DOI":"10.1007\/s00330-025-11949-8"},{"key":"2490_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Ardila D, Kiraly AP, Bharadwaj S, Choi B, Reicher JJ, Peng L, Tse D, Etemadi M, Ye W, Corrado G, Naidich DP, Shetty S. End-to-end lung cancer screening with three-dimensional deep learning on low-dose chest computed tomography. Nat Med. 2019;25(6):954\u2013961. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41591-019-0447-x. Epub 2019 May 20. Erratum in: Nat Med. 2019;25(8):1319. doi: 10.1038\/s41591-019-0536-x. PMID: 31110349.","DOI":"10.1038\/s41591-019-0447-x"},{"issue":"9","key":"2490_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"105557","DOI":"10.1016\/j.esmoop.2025.105557","volume":"10","author":"HR Howard","year":"2025","unstructured":"Howard HR, Hasanova M, Tiwari A, Ghose A, Winayak R, Nahar T, Chauhan V, Arun S, Palmer K, Houston A, Kumar NS, Lalwani S, Januszewski A, Conibear J, Jain A, Cortellini A, Passaro A, Addeo A, Noronha V, Banna GL, Boussios S. The landscape of conventional and artificial intelligence-based clinical prediction models in non-small-cell lung cancer: from development to real-world validation. ESMO Open. 2025;10(9):105557. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.esmoop.2025.105557. Epub 2025 Aug 20. PMID: 40840236.","journal-title":"ESMO Open"},{"issue":"9","key":"2490_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"624","DOI":"10.1038\/s41571-023-00798-3","volume":"20","author":"A Leiter","year":"2023","unstructured":"Leiter A, Veluswamy RR, Wisnivesky JP. The global burden of lung cancer: current status and future trends. Nat Rev Clin Oncol. 2023;20(9):624\u201339. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41571-023-00798-3. Epub 2023 Jul 21. PMID: 37479810.","journal-title":"Nat Rev Clin Oncol"},{"key":"2490_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1298345","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2023.1298345","volume":"14","author":"Y Chen","year":"2023","unstructured":"Chen Y, Guan M, Wang R, Wang X. Relationship between advanced lung cancer inflammation index and long-term all-cause, cardiovascular, and cancer mortality among type 2 diabetes mellitus patients: NHANES, 1999\u20132018. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne). 2023;14:1298345. PMID: 38111710; PMCID: PMC10726345.","journal-title":"Front Endocrinol (Lausanne)"},{"key":"2490_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Flor LS, Anderson JA, Ahmad N, Aravkin A, Carr S, Dai X, Gil GF, Hay SI, Malloy MJ, McLaughlin SA, Mullany EC, Murray CJL, O\u2019Connell EM, Okereke C, Sorensen RJD, Whisnant J, Zheng P, Gakidou E. Health effects associated with exposure to secondhand smoke: a Burden of Proof study. Nat Med. 2024;30(1):149\u2013167. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41591-023-02743-4. Epub 2024 Jan 9. Erratum in: Nat Med. 2024;30(4):1213. doi: 10.1038\/s41591-024-02832-y. PMID: 38195750; PMCID: PMC10803272.","DOI":"10.1038\/s41591-023-02743-4"},{"key":"2490_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arbres.2024.05.027","author":"S Baeza","year":"2024","unstructured":"Baeza S, Gil D, Sanchez C, Torres G, Carmezim J, Teb\u00e9 C, Guasch I, Nogueira I, Garc\u00eda-Reina S, Mart\u00ednez-Barenys C, Mate JL, Andreo F, Rosell A. Radiomics and clinical data for the diagnosis of incidental pulmonary nodules and lung cancer screening: radiolung integrative predictive model. Arch Bronconeumol. 2024;60(Suppl 2):S22\u201330. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.arbres.2024.05.027. Epub 2024 May 31. PMID: 38876917."},{"issue":"1","key":"2490_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"16","DOI":"10.1002\/cac2.12002","volume":"40","author":"A Liu","year":"2020","unstructured":"Liu A, Wang Z, Yang Y, Wang J, Dai X, Wang L, Lu Y, Xue F. Preoperative diagnosis of malignant pulmonary nodules in lung cancer screening with a radiomics nomogram. Cancer Commun (Lond). 2020;40(1):16\u201324. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/cac2.12002. Epub 2020 Mar 3. PMID: 32125097; PMCID: PMC7163925.","journal-title":"Cancer Commun (Lond)"},{"issue":"3","key":"2490_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"697","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.2462070712","volume":"246","author":"DM Hansell","year":"2008","unstructured":"Hansell DM, Bankier AA, MacMahon H, McLoud TC, M\u00fcller NL, Remy J. Fleischner Society: glossary of terms for thoracic imaging. Radiology. 2008;246(3):697\u2013722. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1148\/radiol.2462070712. Epub 2008 Jan 14. PMID: 18195376.","journal-title":"Radiology"},{"issue":"2","key":"2490_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e232558","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.232558","volume":"310","author":"AA Bankier","year":"2024","unstructured":"Bankier AA, MacMahon H, Colby T, Gevenois PA, Goo JM, Leung ANC, Lynch DA, Schaefer-Prokop CM, Tomiyama N, Travis WD, Verschakelen JA, White CS, Naidich DP. Fleischner Society: Glossary of Terms for Thoracic Imaging. Radiology. 2024;310(2):e232558. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1148\/radiol.232558. PMID: 38411514; PMCID: PMC10902601.","journal-title":"Radiology"},{"issue":"1","key":"2490_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"228","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.2017161659","volume":"284","author":"H MacMahon","year":"2017","unstructured":"MacMahon H, Naidich DP, Goo JM, Lee KS, Leung ANC, Mayo JR, Mehta AC, Ohno Y, Powell CA, Prokop M, Rubin GD, Schaefer-Prokop CM, Travis WD, Van Schil PE, Bankier AA. Guidelines for Management of Incidental Pulmonary Nodules Detected on CT Images: From the Fleischner Society 2017. Radiology. 2017;284(1):228\u201343. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1148\/radiol.2017161659. Epub 2017 Feb 23. PMID: 28240562.","journal-title":"Radiology"},{"key":"2490_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Suzuki K, Koike T, Asakawa T, Kusumoto M, Asamura H, Nagai K, Tada H, Mitsudomi T, Tsuboi M, Shibata T, Fukuda H, Kato H, Japan Lung Cancer Surgical Study Group (JCOG LCSSG). A prospective radiological study of thin-section computed tomography to predict pathological noninvasiveness in peripheral clinical IA lung cancer (Japan Clinical Oncology Group 0201). J Thorac Oncol. 2011;6(4):751-6. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/JTO.0b013e31821038ab. PMID: 21325976.","DOI":"10.1097\/JTO.0b013e31821038ab"},{"issue":"8","key":"2490_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1204","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtho.2016.03.025","volume":"11","author":"WD Travis","year":"2016","unstructured":"Travis WD, Asamura H, Bankier AA, Beasley MB, Detterbeck F, Flieder DB, Goo JM, MacMahon H, Naidich D, Nicholson AG, Powell CA, Prokop M, Rami-Porta R, Rusch V, van Schil P, Yatabe Y, International Association for the Study of Lung Cancer Staging and Prognostic Factors Committee and Advisory Board Members. The IASLC Lung Cancer Staging Project: Proposals for Coding T Categories for Subsolid Nodules and Assessment of Tumor Size in Part-Solid Tumors in the Forthcoming Eighth Edition of the TNM Classification of Lung Cancer. J Thorac Oncol. 2016;11(8):1204\u201323. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jtho.2016.03.025. Epub 2016 Apr 21. PMID: 27107787.","journal-title":"J Thorac Oncol"},{"key":"2490_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"O\u2019Dowd EL, Tietzova I, Bartlett E, Devaraj A, Biederer J, Brambilla M, Brunelli A, Chorostowska-Wynimko J, Decaluwe H, Deruysscher D, De Wever W, Donoghue M, Fabre A, Gaga M, van Geffen W, Hardavella G, Kauczor HU, Kerpel-Fronius A, van Meerbeeck J, Nagavci B, Nestle U, Novoa N, Prosch H, Prokop M, Putora PM, Rawlinson J, Revel MP, Snoeckx A, Veronesi G, Vliegenthart R, Weckbach S, Blum TG, Baldwin DR, ERS\/ESTS\/ESTRO\/. ESR\/ESTI\/EFOMP statement on management of incidental findings from low dose CT screening for lung cancer. Eur Respir J. 2023;62(4):2300533. doi: 10.1183\/13993003.00533-2023. Erratum in: Eur Respir J. 2024;63(2):2350533. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1183\/13993003.50533-2023. PMID: 37802631.","DOI":"10.1183\/13993003.50533-2023"},{"key":"2490_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Wu G, Woodruff HC, Shen J, Refaee T, Sanduleanu S, Ibrahim A, Leijenaar RTH, Wang R, Xiong J, Bian J, Wu J, Lambin P. Diagnosis of invasive lung adenocarcinoma based on chest CT radiomic features of part-solid pulmonary nodules: a multicenter study. Radiology. 2020;297(2):451\u2013458. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1148\/radiol.2020192431. Epub 2020 Aug 25. Erratum in: Radiology. 2020;297(2):E282. doi: 10.1148\/radiol.2020209019. PMID: 32840472.","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.2020192431"},{"key":"2490_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Adams SJ, Madtes DK, Burbridge B, Johnston J, Goldberg IG, Siegel EL, Babyn P, Nair VS, Calhoun ME. Clinical impact and generalizability of a computer-assisted diagnostic tool to risk-stratify lung nodules with CT. J Am Coll Radiol. 2023;20(2):232\u2013242. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jacr.2022.08.006. Epub 2022 Sep 3. PMID: 36064040.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacr.2022.08.006"},{"key":"2490_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Mazzone PJ, Lam L. Evaluating the patient with a pulmonary nodule: a review. JAMA. 2022;327(3):264\u2013273. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/jama.2021.24287. PMID: 35040882.","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2021.24287"},{"issue":"12","key":"2490_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"100605","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtocrr.2023.100605","volume":"4","author":"JM Archer","year":"2023","unstructured":"Archer JM, Mendoza DP, Hung YP, Lanuti M, Digumarthy SR. Surgical Resection of Benign Nodules in Lung Cancer Screening: Incidence and Features. JTO Clin Res Rep. 2023;4(12):100605. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jtocrr.2023.100605. PMID: 38124789; PMCID: PMC10730375.","journal-title":"JTO Clin Res Rep"},{"issue":"6","key":"2490_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"503","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1911793","volume":"382","author":"HJ de Koning","year":"2020","unstructured":"de Koning HJ, van der Aalst CM, de Jong PA, Scholten ET, Nackaerts K, Heuvelmans MA, Lammers JJ, Weenink C, Yousaf-Khan U, Horeweg N, van \u2018t Westeinde S, Prokop M, Mali WP, Mohamed Hoesein FAA, van Ooijen PMA, Aerts JGJV, den Bakker MA, Thunnissen E, Verschakelen J, Vliegenthart R, Walter JE, Ten Haaf K, Groen HJM, Oudkerk M. Reduced Lung-Cancer Mortality with Volume CT Screening in a Randomized Trial. N Engl J Med. 2020;382(6):503\u201313. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1056\/NEJMoa1911793. Epub 2020 Jan 29. PMID: 31995683.","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"7","key":"2490_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3812","DOI":"10.1007\/s00330-024-11256-8","volume":"35","author":"L Piskorski","year":"2025","unstructured":"Piskorski L, Debic M, von Stackelberg O, Schlamp K, Welzel L, Weinheimer O, Peters AA, Wielp\u00fctz MO, Frauenfelder T, Kauczor HU, Heu\u00dfel CP, Kroschke J. Malignancy risk stratification for pulmonary nodules: comparing a deep learning approach to multiparametric statistical models in different disease groups. Eur Radiol. 2025;35(7):3812\u201322. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00330-024-11256-8. Epub 2025 Jan 2. PMID: 39747589; PMCID: PMC12165889.","journal-title":"Eur Radiol"},{"key":"2490_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Li H, Salehjahromi M, Godoy MCB, Qin K, Plummer CM, Zhang Z, Hong L, Heeke S, Le X, Vokes N, Zhang B, Araujo HA, Altan M, Wu CC, Antonoff MB, Ostrin EJ, Gibbons DL, Heymach JV, Lee JJ, Gerber DE, Wu J, Zhang J. Lung cancer risk prediction in patients with persistent pulmonary nodules using the Brock model and Sybil model. Cancers (Basel). 2025;17(9):1499. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/cancers17091499IF:4.4Q2.\u00a0PMID: 40361426; PMCID: PMC12070823.","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers17091499IF:4.4Q2"},{"issue":"12","key":"2490_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2229","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers16122229","volume":"16","author":"Y Wang","year":"2024","unstructured":"Wang Y, Zhou C, Ying L, Chan HP, Lee E, Chughtai A, Hadjiiski LM, Kazerooni EA. Enhancing Early Lung Cancer Diagnosis: Predicting Lung Nodule Progression in Follow-Up Low-Dose CT Scan with Deep Generative Model. Cancers (Basel). 2024;16(12):2229. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/cancers16122229. PMID: 38927934; PMCID: PMC11201561.","journal-title":"Cancers (Basel)"},{"key":"2490_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"104344","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ebiom.2022.104344","volume":"86","author":"B Hunter","year":"2022","unstructured":"Hunter B, Chen M, Ratnakumar P, Alemu E, Logan A, Linton-Reid K, Tong D, Senthivel N, Bhamani A, Bloch S, Kemp SV, Boddy L, Jain S, Gareeboo S, Rawal B, Doran S, Navani N, Nair A, Bunce C, Kaye S, Blackledge M, Aboagye EO, Devaraj A, Lee RW. A radiomics-based decision support tool improves lung cancer diagnosis in combination with the Herder score in large lung nodules. EBioMedicine. 2022;86:104344. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ebiom.2022.104344. Epub 2022 Nov 10. PMID: 36370635; PMCID: PMC9664396.","journal-title":"EBioMedicine"},{"issue":"4","key":"2490_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2002485","DOI":"10.1183\/13993003.02485-2020","volume":"57","author":"F Maldonado","year":"2021","unstructured":"Maldonado F, Varghese C, Rajagopalan S, Duan F, Balar AB, Lakhani DA, Antic SL, Massion PP, Johnson TF, Karwoski RA, Robb RA, Bartholmai BJ, Peikert T. Validation of the BRODERS classifier (Benign versus aggRessive nODule Evaluation using Radiomic Stratification), a novel HRCT-based radiomic classifier for indeterminate pulmonary nodules. Eur Respir J. 2021;57(4):2002485. PMID: 33303552; PMCID: PMC8375083.","journal-title":"Eur Respir J"},{"issue":"5","key":"2490_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"700","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtho.2016.01.018","volume":"11","author":"MR Freiman","year":"2016","unstructured":"Freiman MR, Clark JA, Slatore CG, Gould MK, Woloshin S, Schwartz LM, Wiener RS. Patients\u2019 Knowledge, Beliefs, and Distress Associated with Detection and Evaluation of Incidental Pulmonary Nodules for Cancer: Results from a Multicenter Survey. J Thorac Oncol. 2016;11(5):700\u20138. Epub 2016 Mar 7. PMID: 26961390; PMCID: PMC4851914.","journal-title":"J Thorac Oncol"},{"issue":"4","key":"2490_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1004","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chest.2017.10.013","volume":"153","author":"CG Slatore","year":"2018","unstructured":"Slatore CG, Wiener RS. Pulmonary Nodules: A Small Problem for Many, Severe Distress for Some, and How to Communicate About It. Chest. 2018;153(4):1004\u201315. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.chest.2017.10.013. Epub 2017 Oct 21. PMID: 29066390; PMCID: PMC5989642.","journal-title":"Chest"},{"issue":"2","key":"2490_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e230506","DOI":"10.1148\/ryai.230506","volume":"7","author":"TZ Li","year":"2025","unstructured":"Li TZ, Xu K, Krishnan A, Gao R, Kammer MN, Antic S, Xiao D, Knight M, Martinez Y, Paez R, Lentz RJ, Deppen S, Grogan EL, Lasko TA, Sandler KL, Maldonado F, Landman BA. Performance of Lung Cancer Prediction Models for Screening-detected, Incidental, and Biopsied Pulmonary Nodules. Radiol Artif Intell. 2025;7(2):e230506. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1148\/ryai.230506. PMID: 39907586; PMCID: PMC11950892.","journal-title":"Radiol Artif Intell"}],"container-title":["BMC Medical Imaging"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s12880-026-02490-1","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12880-026-02490-1.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12880-026-02490-1.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,12]],"date-time":"2026-08-12T03:38:43Z","timestamp":1786505923000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1186\/s12880-026-02490-1"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,8]]},"references-count":36,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,12]]}},"alternative-id":["2490"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12880-026-02490-1","relation":{"references":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1016\/j.arbres.2024.05.027","asserted-by":"subject"}]},"ISSN":["1471-2342"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1471-2342","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,8]]},"assertion":[{"value":"1 May 2026","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"1 June 2026","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"8 June 2026","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"This study was conducted in accordance with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki. The study protocol was approved by the Ethics Committee of First People\u2019s Hospital of Jiande (Ethics Committee Approval Number: 20251021-KY-04-001). The requirement for written informed consent was waived by the Ethics Committee of First People\u2019s Hospital of Jiande due to the retrospective nature of the study.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","label":"Consent for publication","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","label":"Competing interests","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}}],"article-number":"395"}}